城市森林环境对正负情绪状态影响的Meta分析

明确城市森林环境对正负情绪状态的影响程度及影响因素,为城市森林建设提供科学依据。对Web of Science和CNKI数据库进行检索,对最终纳入的文献采用Meta分析的方法,研究城市森林环境对正负情绪状态的影响。结果表明,纳入的17篇文献中有13项随机对照试验,21项自身前后对照试验,文献质量一般;进入森林对积极情绪影响的总效应量SMD=0.33,I²=33%,95%置信区间Cl[0.23,0.44];进入森林环境对消极情绪影响总效应量SMD=-0.35,I²=0,95%置信区间Cl[-0H46,-0.25];与城市环境相比,处于城市森林对积极情绪状态总效应量SMD=0.59,I²=42%,95%置信区间Cl[0.44,0.75];对消极情绪的影响总效应量SMD=-0.45,I²=0,95%置信区间Cl[-0.61,-0.30],城市森林对积极情绪影响效果的异质性来源主要为心理健康程度和城市森林自然环境。综上所述,城市森林环境对人的心理健康有积极促进效果,进入森林环境后可降低人的消极情绪,心理健康状态和城市森林自然环境影响城市森林对积极情绪的提升效果。     

The effects of land tenure and land use on the urban forest structure and composition of Melbourne

The urban forest provides valuable ecosystem services for enhancing human well-being. Its structure and composition determine the quantity and quality of these services. There has been little research on the heterogeneity in structure and composition of urban forests in the Australasian region, especially in the centre of a highly dynamic and rapidly urbanizing city. This paper quantifies the structure and the composition of the urban forest of Melbourne, Australia's city centre. The effects of land tenure and land use on the heterogeneity of canopy cover, tree density and canopy size were explored. Species and family composition by land use, land ownership and street type were also analysed using the Shannon–Wiener and Jaccard similarity indices. Most of the canopy cover in the city centre is located on public land and is unevenly distributed across the municipality. The mean canopy cover (12.3%) is similar to that found for whole city studies around the world, which often include peri-urban forests. Similarly to other cities, structure varied across different land uses, and tree size, density and cover varied with land tenure and street type. The diversity index shows that the urban forest is rich in species (H′ = 2.9) and is dominated by native species. Improving the distribution, and increasing tree cover and variety of species will result in a more resilient urban centre, able to provide multiple ecosystem services to their residents and its large population of visitors and workers. The study of the urban centre provides further understanding of compact city morphologies, and allows inter-city comparison independent of the size.