猪口蹄疫的综合预防

<正>口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)引起的以患病动物的口、蹄部出现水疱性病症为特征的传染性疫病。口蹄疫的特点是起病急、传播极为迅速。除通过感染动物污染的固性物传播外,还能以气溶胶的形式通过空气长距离     

规模猪场口蹄疫O型灭活疫苗(O/MYA98/BY/2010株)免疫示范与推广应用

<正>口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的急性、热性、高度接触性传染病,被世界动物卫生组织列为A类传染病之首,主要侵害偶蹄兽,临床上以口腔黏膜、蹄部及乳房皮肤发生水泡和溃烂为特征。口蹄疫病毒的不同毒株存在着抗     

规模化猪场口蹄疫防控策略

口蹄疫传染性极强,主要发生于偶蹄动物,临床上以口腔黏膜、舌面、鼻镜、乳头、蹄叉及附蹄周边皮肤形成或发生水疱,水疱易破溃,液体溢出形成烂斑为特征,常给养猪业造成严重的经济损失。从口蹄疫的流行特点、临床症状、防控措施等方面对猪口蹄疫进行了较全面的阐述,以期为科学防控该病提供参考。     

猪唾液与血清中免疫抗体相关性研究

<正>猪瘟(Hogcholera)俗称"烂肠瘟",是由黄病毒科猪瘟病毒属的猪瘟病毒(Hogcholera virus)引起的一种急性、发热、接触性传染病。具有高度传染性和致死性的特征。口蹄疫(Foot-andmouth disease,FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒引起的多种动物的传染病。猪口蹄疫以患病猪只的口、蹄部出现水疱性病症为特征的传染性疫病。其特点是起病急、传播极为迅速。国际动物卫生组织(OIE)将该病列在15个A类动物疫     

规模化养猪场口蹄疫的传播特点及其预防与控制

<正>猪口蹄疫(FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)引起的一种急形、热性、高度接触性传染病,临床上以口腔黏膜、蹄部及乳房皮肤发生水疱、溃烂为特征,具有传播速度快、流行范围广、发病率和死亡率高等特点,不仅对养猪业生产造成严重的经济损失,而且对肉食品供应及国际贸易造成重大影响。鉴于口蹄疫对养猪业造成的严重危害,     

猪牛羊养殖中口蹄疫病的防治举措探究

猪牛羊养殖业中,口蹄疫病作为一种常见疾病,具有高危害性和高传染性的特征,大大增加了牲畜死亡率,对于猪牛羊养殖户的经济效益来说是一种严重威胁。目前针对猪牛羊养殖中口蹄疫病的预防和治理,我国已经取得了显著成绩,需要养殖户等相关人员积极了解和掌握口蹄疫病的预防措施和治疗措施,促进猪牛羊健康养殖的发展。对猪牛羊养殖中口蹄疫病的典型特征进行了探讨,详细分析了猪牛羊养殖中口蹄疫病的预防措施和治疗措施。     

猪口蹄疫的诊断与防制

<正>猪口蹄疫是口蹄疫病毒感染猪引起的急性、热性、接触性传染病,以口腔粘膜、蹄部、乳房、皮肤出现水疱为特征,传播速度极快。目前在世界许多地区时有发生或流行。世界动物卫生组织早已把该病列为A类法定传染病中的第一个传染病,是国际动物及动物产品进出口贸易最重要的检疫病原之一。     

如何做好奶牛场口蹄疫防疫工作

<正>口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒所引起的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。病的特征为口腔粘膜、蹄部和乳房皮肤发生水泡。口蹄疫病毒属于鼻病毒属,为目前已知病毒中最细微的一级。其最大颗粒直径为23nm,最小颗粒直径为7～     

猪口蹄疫病的诊断和防治方法分析

针对猪口蹄疫疾病的发病特征进行简单概述,作为严重的传染性疾病,需要在明确其发病特征、诊断方式的基础上,快速检出疾病,有效控制疾病,避免疫情的传播及发展。结合猪口蹄的特征,探究其防治方法,通过隔离检验、科学饲养以及疫苗注射等方式,降低猪口蹄疫的发生率,切实发挥诊断与防治的作用价值。     

几种动物疫病的防控

<正>1口蹄疫口蹄疫Aftosa(属一类传染病)俗名"口疮"、"辟癀",是由口蹄疫病毒所引起的偶蹄动物的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。主要侵害偶蹄兽,偶见于人和其他动物。其临诊特征为口腔粘膜、蹄部和乳房皮肤发生水疱。本病具有发病急、流行快、传播广、发病     

中华鳖白底板病和红底板病病毒及细菌的致病性

利用含类呼肠孤病毒和类腺病毒 的患白底板病和红底板病 病鳖组织匀浆过滤液及从病鳖中分离的致病性嗜水气单胞菌, 进行病毒和细菌的相继 人工感染试验, 复制出典型的鳖红底板病和白底板病病症。研究发现, 细菌是红底板病的主要病原, 病毒是白底板病的主要病原,而病毒的感染不致死鳖, 细菌的继发感染是鳖最终死亡的因素。     

Immune intervention in Borna disease]

Borna disease is a naturally occurring meningoencephalomyelitis of sheep and horses. After experimental infection of rats with Borna disease virus a biphasic disease with initial gait disturbances and later paresis and paralysis can be observed. The disease symptoms in these experimental animals resemble those of the natural hosts. The disease is not caused by the infecting virus itself but rather by a CD4+ T cell-mediated immune response. After the pathogenesis had been elucidated new strategies for the therapy of Borna disease by interfering with the immune reaction have been developed. Treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, with monoclonal antibodies directed against certain immune cells and with mediators of the immune reaction resulted in an inhibition or significant reduction of Borna disease symptoms.     

Milky hemolymph syndrome associated with an intranuclear bacilliform virus in snow crab <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chionoecetes opilio</Emphasis> from the Sea of Japan

Milky hemolymph syndrome (MHS) is a previously undescribed disease in snow crab Chionoecetes opilio. Outbreaks of this disease occurred in reared and wild populations from the Sea of Japan when the water temperature was 2–3°C. The common symptom of the disease was a distinct milky or opaque coloration of the hemolymph. Some severely affected crabs also showed yellow or ivory discoloration on the ventral shell and uncalcification of the arthrodial membranes of walking legs. Histopathological changes consisted of widespread cellular degeneration characterized by enlarged nuclei with marginal hyperchromatosis and basophilic intranuclear inclusions in the interstitial connective tissues of various organs. Electron microscopy analyses of degenerated cells revealed a nonoccluded, enveloped bacilliform virus within the nuclei. The virus morphologically resembles white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or unassigned intranuclear bacilliform viruses (IBVs) reported from other crustaceans. However, we could not detect WSSV from diseased tissues by PCR using WSSV-specific primers, and the tissues targeted by the virus differed from those targeted by IBVs. This is the first report of a virus from the genus Chionoecetes. Thus, we have tentatively designated the virus presumably associated with MHS as Chionoecetes opilio bacilliform virus (CoBV) until its relationship with other crustacean viruses can be clarified.     

Phylogenetic analysis and molecular methods for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus from yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchell)

Lymphocystis disease is a prevalent, non-fatal disease that affects many teleost fish and is caused by the DNA virus lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). Lymphocystis-like lesions have been observed in yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchell), in lakes in northern Alberta, Canada. In an effort to confirm the identity of the virus causing these lesions, DNA was extracted from these lesions and PCR with genotype generic LCDV primers specific to the major capsid protein (MCP) gene was performed. A 1357-base pair nucleotide sequence corresponding to a peptide length of 452 amino acids of the MCP gene was sequenced, confirming the lesions as being lymphocystis disease lesions. Phylogenetic analysis of the generated amino acid sequence revealed the perch LCDV isolate to be a distinct and novel genotype. From the obtained sequence, a real-time PCR identification method was developed using fluorgenic LUX primers. The identification method was used to detect the presence/absence of LCDV in yellow perch from two lakes, one where lymphocystis disease was observed to occur and the other where the disease had not been observed. All samples of fin, spleen and liver tested negative for LCDV in the lake where lymphocystis disease had not been observed. The second lake had a 2.6% incidence of LCD, and virus was detected in tissue samples from all individuals tested regardless of whether they were expressing the disease or not. However, estimated viral copy number in spleen and liver of symptomatic perch was four orders of magnitude higher than that in asymptomatic perch.     

Extra small virus-like particles (XSV) and nodavirus associated with whitish muscle disease in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

A disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant freshwater prawn, farmed in China was recently recorded in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces. The clinical sign of the disease, which develops in post-larvae (PL), is a whitish appearance of the muscles, particularly noticeable in the abdomen. Mortalities may reach 100% in some hatcheries. Investigations by transmission electron microscopy after negative staining of diseased PL homogenates showed the presence of two types of viral particles: one, unenveloped, icosahedral in shape, 26-27 nm in diameter, the second, much smaller, about 14-16 nm in diameter, designated extra small virus particle (XSV). The large virus has a genome with two pieces of ssRNA (RNA-1 and RNA-2), of 3 and 1.2 kb, respectively. Hybridization tests confirmed that this large virus is closely related to M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) which was isolated from diseased prawns in a hatchery in the French West Indies. Its very small size and hypothesized biochemical and biological characteristics suggest XSV is a new type of crustacean virus. As XSV has always been found associated with the larger virus (nodavirus) and is located in muscle and connective cells of diseased animals, it could be an autonomous virus, a helper-type virus or a satellite-like virus.     

脊尾白虾杆状病毒病研究

脊尾白虾是一种野生的经济虾类，广温，广盐，杂食性，分布面极广，繁殖季节长。我们已在其病虾的肌肉，中肠等组织中发现Ｃ亚群杆状病毒，其形态结构及宿主的细胞病理学特征均与引起中国对虾，长毛对虾，日本对虾等养殖对虾病毒性流行病的Ｃ亚群杆状病毒类同。由此认为，脊尾白虾是我国养殖对虾病毒性流行病病原的常年媒介体。     

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or Aroclor 1254 on the resistance of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus

Abstract. Sublethal exposure of rainbow trout fry, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) did not significantly affect mortality or mean time to death following challenge with infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Rainbow trout fry were fed experimental diets containing 0, 5. 50 or 500 μg/g of the technical polychlorinated biphenyl mixture, Aroclor 1254, for 30 days or were injected intraperitoneally with graded single doses of TCDD. Fish from each treatment group were challenged by immersion exposure to IHNV. At early time points following virus challenge, histopathologic lesions due to virus disease were more severe and occurred more frequently in virus-challenged fish which received either toxicant than in virus-challenged control fish. Taken together, these findings suggest that rainbow trout are less sensitive than mammalian species to the sublethal effects of these structurally related toxicants on resistance to viral disease. However, a subtle effect of these chemicals on the pathogenesis of the virus disease is suggested by the histopathologic data.     

ABB~(TM)消毒剂的研发

病毒病是危害畜禽健康的主要疾病，消毒是预防和消灭传染病的最主要的措施。ABB~（TM）消毒剂具有良好的杀病毒能力，弥补了其它消毒剂的致命缺点—杀病毒能力弱或不具有杀病毒能力或其它因素影响了杀病毒效果。ABB~（TM）是一种优秀的环境消毒专用消毒剂。     

鱼虾贝病毒分离纯化技术概述

多年来由于水产动物病毒病的流行,在世界范围内给水产养殖业,尤其是鱼类、对虾类和贝类养殖产业带来了严重的危害.病毒的分离纯化作为研究病毒病的必要手段,作用十分重要.因此,国内外学者对此进行了大量的研究,并取得了许多成果.本文综述了这3种水产动物病毒分离纯化的研究概况.     

Duck plague: clinical aspects, diagnosis, control

A predominantly acute, highly contagious disease of the waterfowl is called duck plague or virus enteritis of ducks. The pathogenic agent is a herpes virus, type A. The clinical course of the disease and its pathological-anatomical findings are described and the possibility of prophylactic immunization is discussed. The results of lab trials demonstrate the effectiveness of a vaccine against the duck plague.