临夏川塬灌区饲用甜菜种植密度研究

在临夏川塬灌区饲用甜菜以种植密度4000株/667 m^2最好,块根产量达9438.3kg/667 m^2,较种植密度5800株/667 m^2处理增产2.6%,较种植密度2500株/667 m^2处理增产7.3%,块根产值943.8元/667 m^2,叶丛高度60.4 cm,平均单根重2.8 kg,其块根大小适中,群体分布结构合理,块根均匀,光滑,商品性好,效益显著,在临夏州地区大面积种植饲用甜菜时,应选择该种植密度进行种植。     

杂交酸模移栽试验初探

通过在化隆县引进移栽杂交酸模，经小区试验分析，发现种植密度和施肥对产草量起着一定作用，其中种植密度为6株/m^2和施肥量0.0075kg/m^2组合效应的产草量最优。     

广西:博白引进香蜜顺梨助增收

近日,博白县东平镇塘龙村塘龙生态农庄内热闹非凡,香蜜顺梨种植推广项目落地仪式在这里举行,种植户有的培土,有的施肥,有的浇水,热火朝天地在农庄香蜜顺梨推广种植示范园内忙活着。这批总共示范种植6.67hm^2左右的香蜜顺梨树,每667m^2种植55~65株,2019年7月就可以挂果采摘了,预计每667m^2产量为2500~3000kg,挂果率非常高。示范成功后,预计2019年底可以在本地推广种植香蜜顺梨13.33hm^2左右。塘龙生态农庄经理黄道祥告诉笔者。     

广西牧用型桑树适宜栽植密度及收获枝条长度初探

为研究桑特优12号、桂桑优62号和桂桑6号这3个广西杂交桑品种作为牧用型桑的栽培管理技术设计本试验,首先对这3个牧用桑品种进行80 cm、100 cm和120 cm 3个不同采收长度桑枝叶养分含量检测调查以研究适宜收获枝条长度,然后进行每667 m~2种植5 230株、6 350株及7 400株3个不同密度的蛋白总产量的测算以研究适宜种植密度,结果显示:桂桑优12号的每667 m~2适宜种植密度是7 400株,适宜收获的枝条长度是120 cm;桂桑优62号每667 m~2的适宜种植密度是6 530株,适宜收获的枝条长度是100 cm;桂桑6号每667 m~2的适宜种植密度是5 230株,适宜收获的枝条长度是100 cm。这3个品种都适宜作为牧用型桑使用的广西杂交桑品种,可根据桑园的地形条件和需求来选择种植。     

分株繁殖种植密度对柳蒿生长的影响

为了探究柳蒿饲用分株繁殖的最佳种植密度，提高其产量，试验将2019年5月24日采集的野生柳蒿分株种植于黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院试验基地，采用随机区组试验设计，分别设置8.3万株/hm²(行株距为30 cm×40 cm)、11.1万株/hm²(行株距为30 cm×30 cm)、16.7万株/hm²(行株距为20 cm×30 cm)、25.0万株/hm²(行株距为20 cm×20 cm)4个处理，每个处理3个重复，穴播，每穴2株，小区面积为15 m²(3 m×5 m)。移栽后浇透水，后期根据降雨干旱情况浇水，保证生长良好，不施肥。于2021年6月25日测定株高、每平方米株数、单株叶片数、茎粗、叶长、叶宽、鲜草产量、干草产量各项指标，并对各项指标进行相关性分析和线性回归分析。结果表明：每平方米株数随种植密度的增加而升高；株高、茎粗、叶宽、鲜草产量、干草产量随种植密度的增加而降低。每平方米株数与种植密度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);干草产量、叶宽与种植密度呈极显著负相关(...     

武胜现代农业园区建设进展与经验

蚕桑产业是武胜县的传统产业、特色产业和民生产业,是我县农业供给侧结构性改革的重点领域和实施脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴战略的重要抓手。全县现有桑园1.8万亩(1200hm^2),小蚕共育室0.71万m^2、养蚕大棚13.7万m^2、省力化蚕台27.5万m^2,累计推广纸板方格蔟250万片,桑园间套作7000余亩(466.67hm^2),种植桑枝食用菌5万余袋。     

桑树新品种主要性状调查初报

桑叶是蚕桑生产的基础。单位桑园面积产叶量的高低直接影响到蚕茧产量和经济效益,引进和推广优良桑品种对提高桑叶产质量具有十分重要的作用。为此,海宁市在浙江省农业厅经济作物管理局、浙江省农科院蚕桑研究所的支持下,于2002年在周王庙镇建立面积为2255m^2的桑品种资源圃,分属2家农户．分批引进种植近年来国内科研单位育成的桑树新品种35个。栽植密度为667m^2栽800株,每个品种52株,未设置重复,中干偏低养成,统一各品种的施肥、病虫害防治等桑园管理措施。通过对第一批栽植的20个桑品种（品系）成林后2006—2008年连续3年的调查对比,初步掌握了各品种的生物学特性、产质量和抗性等基本特点,筛选出综合性状优良的3个桑品种,供各地在选择桑品种时参考。     

适宜在赫章县种植的青贮玉米品种筛选试验

为筛选出适宜在赫章县种植的青贮玉米品种,提高种植经济效益和推进粮改饲工作,对参试的20个青贮玉米品种进行生育期、株高、产量比较试验。结果:富华3号、金玉908号、亲瑞3号、筑青1号、青丰9号产草量较高,分别为5.95、5.76、5.57、5.42、5.39t/667m^2,生物性状表现较好,较适宜在赫章县种植。     

原蚕专用桑园优质高产技术研究——Ⅰ．桑园现状及改造对策

原蚕专用桑园产量偏低，桑品种杂早中晚熟搭配不合理，种植密度偏稀；树龄老化，研究提出；选载优良新桑品种，扩大早、中熟桑品种种植面积，逐步达到30-40%；亩载750株左右，留拳3000个，留条7500条；加快老桑园改造，每年改造老桑园5%。     

桑树与银杏树套种试验

探索桑树与银杏树套种新模式。每667m^2植桑800株，低干养成，套种胸径2．5～3cm、高3m的银杏树70～80株，并对其中的30～35株进行嫁接，定干2．5m高，未嫁接银杏实生苗在5～7年嫁接树挂果后出售，通过售苗和(白)果每年每667m^2可增收1500元以上，25年后桑树进入衰老期银杏刚进入盛果期，此时每667m^2的售果收入超过6000元，经济效益仍远远高于其它经济作物。由此说桑、银杏套种具有高效生态农业特性，有很实用的推广价值。     

Plasma pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone following single intravenous administration in healthy and endometritic cows

Pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone were studied in healthy and endometritic cows following single intravenous administration. The drug was detected up to 8 h of dosing in plasma of healthy and endometritic cows and the drug disposition followed three-compartment open model. The values of Vd_area, AUC, t_1/2β, Cl_B, MRT and P/C ratio were 0.50 ± 0.19 L.kg⁻¹, 62.2 ± 23.3 μg.ml⁻¹.h, 1.02 ± 0.07 h, 0.30 ± 0.09 L.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹, 1.55 ± 0.25 h and 0.52 ± 0.27, respectively, in healthy and 1.55 ± 0.52 L.kg⁻¹, 37.0 ± 17.1 μg.ml⁻¹.h, 1.56 ± 0.25 h, 0.56 ± 0.14 L.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹, 2.14 ± 0.34 h and 1.44 ± 0.60, respectively, in endometritic cows. The drug was detected in milk for 36 h after administration. For MIC₉₀ of 0.5 μg.ml⁻¹ the most appropriate dosage for ceftriaxone, would be 9.0 mg.kg⁻¹ repeated at 6 h intervals for the treatment of endometritis in cows.     

Early resynchronization protocols for goats: Progestogens can be used prior to an early pregnancy diagnosis without affecting corpus luteum functionality

This study aimed to evaluate the exogenous progesterone (P4) effect on the luteal function from Day 16 to Day 21 of the oestrous cycle in inseminated goats with unknown pregnancy status. A total of 54 does passed through a short progestin-based synchronization protocol and, on Day 16 of the following oestrous cycle, 27 does received a new P4 device which was retained until Day 21. Blood samples were collected daily from all does during this period, as well as on Day 24. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Day 30. Serum P4 values from 26 animals (G_NPSP: Group of non-pregnant does with second sponge: n = 8; G_NPNSP: Group of non-pregnant does without second sponge: n = 6; G_PSP: Group of pregnant does with second sponge: n = 5; G_PNSP: Group of pregnant does without second sponge: n = 7) were determined by radioimmunoassay commercial kits. No P4 differences were found between groups (G_NPSP: 3.1 ± 2.8; 1.7 ± 1.8; 0.4 ± 1.0; and 0.0 ± 0.0 vs. G_NPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.8; 3.0 ± 2.2; 0.8 ± 0.8; and 0.0 ± 0.0 or G_PSP: 4.2 ± 1.0; 3.4 ± 0.6; 3.3 ± 1.6; 3.2 ± 0.9; 3.6 ± 1.2; 3.5 ± 1.3; 2.7 ± 1.3 vs. G_PNSP: 4.4 ± 1.6; 3.6 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.5; 3.8 ± 1.4; 3.2 ± 1.2; 3.1 ± 1.2; 3.6 ± 1.1; D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D24, respectively) or for the interaction of group and time. In conclusion, a second progestogen device had no effect on luteolysis or early pregnancy in the following oestrous cycle.     

Ovarian activity in F1 prepubertal ewe lambs under tropical conditions

Seventy crossbred ewe lambs, born from Pelibuey (PB) dams mated with five sire breeds: White Dorper × PB (WD × PB), Black Head Dorper × PB (BHD × PB), Ile de France × PB (Ile × PB) Katahdin × PB (KT × PB) and Pelibuey (PB × PB), were used to determine age and weight to puberty, follicular populations during prepubertal development, ovulation rate at first ovulation and function of the first corpus luteum (FCL). Ewe lambs were maintained under grazing conditions and were supplemented with 300 g head^− 1 day^− 1 of a concentrate with 14% CP and 3.0 Mcal ME kg^− 1 of DM. From 145 days of age, monthly observations were performed by endoscopy to monitor follicular populations and luteal structures. Ovarian follicles were classified according to size into small (≥ 1 and < 3 mm), medium (≥ 3 and ≤ 4 mm) and large (> 4 mm). Additionally, weekly observations by ultrasonography were performed in four ewes per genotype to assess follicular populations. Luteal function from first ovulation was determined by circulating concentrations of progesterone. Ovulation rate was not affected by genotype (P > 0.05). All breed groups had the same pattern of follicular populations, where most of follicles were small, followed by medium and a small proportion of large follicles. Maximum diameter of follicles was similar for all genotypes during prepubertal development (P > 0.05), with an average range of 3.9 ± 0.20 to 4.4 ± 0.20 mm. The BHD × PB reached puberty at the youngest age of 240.9 ± 13.0 days, compared to all other genotypes (P < 0.05), 259.1 ± 11.7 for WD × PB, 279.3 ± 9.6 for KT × PB and 289.0 ± 15.3 days for PB × PB and 308.6 ± 11.9 days for Ile × PB ewe lambs. Ile × PB had greater weight to first ovulation (31.5 ± 1.19 kg) as compared to other breed groups (P < 0.01). The largest percentage of FCL was for KT × PB ewes (100%) (P < 0.05), followed by BHD × PB (88.9%), PB × PB (83.3), WD × PB (78.6%) and Ile × PB (77.8%). There were no differences in ovulation rate attributable to type of lambing from which ewe lambs came from (P > 0.05). BHD × PB ewe lambs reached puberty at an earlier age than other in this study. KT × PB ewe lambs had the highest percentage of FCL in their first ovulation. Breed of sire Ile de France increased weight to puberty and decreased FCL at first ovulation. In conclusion, the BHD × PB ewe showed puberty at an earlier age than other genotypes, while the KT × PB had the highest percentage of functional corpus luteum in their first ovulation. Ewe lambs coming from single lambings reach puberty at a heavier weight than those coming from multiple lambings. The ovulation rate in the first ovulation of ewe lambs is not affected by genotype and type of lambing.     

Influence of dietary lysine level on whole-body protein turnover, plasma IGF-I, GH and insulin concentration in growing pigs

Four growing pigs (initial liveweight 25.9 ± 0.54 kg, final liveweight 43.0 ± 1.06 kg) were used to study the effect of dietary lysine level on nutrient digestibility, whole-body protein turnover, plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucose, and urea nitrogen (PUN). Four diets, containing 7.0 g (L1), 9.5 g (L2), 12.0 g (L3) and 14.5 g (L4) lysine per kg diet respectively, were formulated as experimental treatments. The animals and diets were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nitrogen (N) metabolism and whole-body protein turnover were measured by classical method and single-dose ¹⁵N end-product method, respectively. The blood samples were taken at the end of each experimental period. Results showed that N retention (NR) and N biological value (NBV) were significantly increased from L1 to L4 (P < 0.05). However, differences in NR and NBV between L2, L3 and L4 were not significant (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference on dry matter (DM) digestibility, organic matter (OM) digestibility and N digestibility between different treatments (P > 0.05). Whole-body protein synthesis, protein degradation and protein accretion increased markedly from L1 to L2 (P < 0.05), but did not increase further from L2 to L4. Whole-body protein accretion (y, g/kg W^0.75/d) increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = − 0.09x² + 2.12x − 5.14 (r² = 0.96, n = 4, P < 0.05).The results also showed that differences in plasma IGF-I, GH, glucose and PUN concentration between different treatments were not significant (P > 0.05). Plasma insulin concentration (y, μIU/ml) was increased with dietary lysine (x, g/kg) in a quadratic manner: y = 0.23x² − 4.10x + 32.25 (r² = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05), but it was not found that plasma insulin concentration was related to NR. A significant correlation was found between NR (y, g/d) and plasma IGF-I (x, ng/ml): y = − 3.1 × 10^− 3x² + 1.31x − 122.28 (r² = 0.99, n = 4, P < 0.05).It was concluded that dietary lysine level had a significant influence on NR and whole-body protein turnover but not on plasma IGF-I and GH concentration. Plasma IGF-I may be an important factor controlling N metabolism of growing pigs. Further research was needed to study the mechanism.     

Pharmacokinetics,plasma protein binding and bioavailability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after different routes of administration

In this study the disposition kinetics and plasma availability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of 5 mg kg^?1 b.wt. were investigated. The concentrations of moxifloxacin in the plasma were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. Following intravenous injection, the decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t_1/2α) 0.22 ± 0.10 h and (t_1/2β) 2.49 ± 0.26 h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. The volume of distribution at steady-state (V_dss) was 1.02 ± 0.14 l kg^?1 and the total body clearance (Cl_tot) was 0.32 ± 0.11 l kg^?1 h^?1, respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (C_max) were 2.38 ± 0.43 and 2.11 ± 0.36 μg ml^?1 and were obtained at 1.47 ± 0.26 and 1.83 ± 0.16 h (T_max), respectively, the elimination half-lives (T_1/2el) were 3.14 ± 0.42 and 2.63 ± 0.44 h, respectively, and AUC_0–24 were 15.87 ± 2.35 and 14.52 ± 2.37 μg ml^?1 h^?1, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 96.36 ± 11.54% and 86.79 ± 12.64%, respectively. In vitro plasma protein binding percent was 32%. We concluded that moxifloxacin might be clinically interesting alternative for the treatment of most sensitive bacterial infections in Muscovy ducks.     

Leptospirosis in Colombia: Isolation ofLeptospira SPP. from the kidneys of brown rats (Rattus Norvegicus) trapped on infected piggeries

Summary Leptospira interrogansserotypes pomonaand icterohaemorrhagiaewere isolated from the kidneys of Rattus norvegicustrapped on pomonainfected piggeries.The isolation of pomonafrom one of 111cultured kidneys, although of interest, strongly suggests that this rat does not play an important part in the epidemiology of infection by this serotype. Kidney tubular degeneration, focal mononuclear infiltrations and fibroplasia are morphological traces which remain after an attack of leptospirosis. The high percentage (48.6)of these lesions found in the rat kidneys examined does not seem to be related to serotype pomonabut to icterohaemorrhagiae.The importance of this last serotype in swine in the Cauca Valley has yet to be assessed.

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Leptospirosis En Colombia: Aislamiento DeLeptospira SPP. De Riñones De Ratas Pardas (Rattus Norvegicus) Atrapadas En Porquerizas Infectadas

Resumen Se aislóLeptospira interrogans serotipospomona eicterohaemorrhagiae de riñones deRattus norvegicus atrapadas en porquerizas infectadas porpomona. El aislamiento depomona de 1/111 riñones cultivados, aunque de interés, sugiere que esta rata no desempeña parte importante en la epidemiología de las infecciones por este serotipo.Degeneración tubular renal, infiltración mononuclear focal y fibroplasia son huellas morfológicas que quedan después de un ataque de leptospirosis. El alto porcentaje (48.6) de estas lesiones encontradas en los riñones de las ratas examinadas no parece estar relacionado con el serotipopomona sino con elicterohaemorrhagiae. La importancia de este último seroptipo en cerdos en el Valle del Cauca no se ha evaluado todavía.

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Leptospiroses En Colombie: Isolement DeLeptospira SPP. De Reins De Rats Bruns (Rattus Norvegicus) Captures Dans Des Porcheries

Résumé Les sérotypespomona eticterohaemorrhagiae deLeptospira interrogans ont été isolés de reins deRattus norvegicus capturés dans des porcheries infectées de (pomona?). L'isolement depomona sur une seule des 111 cultures de rein effectuées, bien qu'interessant, suggère fortement que ce rat ne joue pas un rôle important dans l'épidémiologie de l'infection par ce sérotype.La dégénerescence tubulaire des reins, des infiltrations ponctuelles par des monocucléaires et l'aspect fibreux constituent les traces morphologiques qui demeurent après une attaque de leptospirose. Le pourcentage élevé (48,6) de ces lésions trouvées dans les les reins des rats examinés semble être plus en rapport avec le sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae qu'avec le sérotypepomona. L'importance du sérotypeicterohaemorrhagiae chez le porc de la Cauca Valley est encore à vérifier.

     

Filarial infection of equidae in the Tehran area of Iran

Summary Microfilariae of three genera, namelyElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa were recovered from blood samples of equidae in Tehran, Iran. These microfilarial infections in equidae are reported for the first time from Iran.

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Infestacion Filaroidea De Equinos En El Area De Teheran, Iran

Resumen Microfilarias de tres géneros,Elaeophora bohmi, Onchocerca cervicalis andParafilaria multipapillosa se aislaron de la sangre de equinos en el area de Teherán, Irán. Este es el primer reporte de la infestación filaroidea de equinos en Irán.

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Filariose Des Equides Dans La Region De Teheran En Iran

Résumé Les microfilaires des genresElaeophora böhmi, Onchocerca cervalis etParafilaria multipapillosa ont été trouvées dans des échantillons de sang d'équidés de la région de Téhéran en Iran. C'est la première fois qu'un tel parasitisme des équidés est constaté en Iran.

     

Serological prevalence of bovine babesiosis in Mali

Summary A serological survey of cattle in Mali was carried out to determine the prevalence of antibody activity toBabesia bovis andB. bigemina. It was found that the level ofB. bovis infection as indicated by antibody activities was too low to be of immediate concern. However, the serological prevalence ofB. bigemina was high and this may indicate a potential disease problem. It was also found that when zebu and N'Dama cattle grazed together the N'Dama were twice as likely to have positive titres toBabesia as were the zebus.

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Prevalencia Serologica De Babesiosis Bovina En Mali

Resumen Se llevó a cabo un análisis serológico en Malí, para detectar la prevalencia deBabesia bovis yBabesia bigemina. Se encontró, que la prevalencia serológica deB. bovis es baja para considerar la enfermedad una amenaza inmediata. Sinembargo, la prevalencia deB. bigemina fué alta, un problema potencial. Tambien se encontró, que cuando el ganado Cebu y N'Dama pastorea junto, el N'Dama presenta el doble de títulos serológicos deB. bigemina.

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Frequence Serologique De La Babesiose Bovine Au Mali

Résumé Une enquête sérologique sur le bétail au Mali a été effectuée pour déterminer la fréquence de l'activité des anticorps àBabesia bovis etB. bigemina. On a trouvé que le degré d'infection àB. bovis tel qu'indiqué par les réactions anticorps était trop faible pour constituer un souci immédiat. Cependant la fréquence sérologique deB. bigemina était élevée, ce qui peut indiquer un problème pathologique potentiel. On a aussi noté que lorsque les zébus et les N'Dama broûtaient ensemble, les N'Dama avaient deux fois plus de chance d'avoir des titres positifs àBabesia que ne l'avaient les zébus.

     

Effects of forage ensiling and ration fermentation on total mixed ration pH,ruminal fermentation and performance of growing Holstein‐Zebu cross steers

Our objective was to determine the effect of forage ensiling and ration fermentation on total mixed ration pH, ruminal fermentation and animal performance. Thirty Holstein‐Zebu cross steers were allotted to feeding treatments for 188 days in a randomized complete block design including: fresh grass‐total mixed ration (GTMR; pH 4.7), grass silage‐TMR (STMR; pH 4.0) and fermented‐TMR (FTMR; pH 3.5). Average daily gain for STMR was greatest during the first 3 months period; however, that for FTMR tended to be greater than GTMR during the second 3 months period (P < 0.10). During the second period dry matter intake for STMR was the greatest (P < 0.01), but feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) and cost per gain (P < 0.01) were the least for FTMR. Protein digestibility tended (P < 0.10) to be greater for FTMR than STMR and fat digestibility was greater (P < 0.05) for GTMR and FTMR than STMR. FTMR had less (P < 0.01) ruminal NH₃‐N content than STMR. Total volatile fatty acids post‐feeding was greatest for GTMR (P < 0.01). Ruminal proportions of acetic and butyric acids were greater for FTMR than GTMR (P < 0.05); in contrast, propionic acid was greater for GTMR (P < 0.05). Utilizing silage or total ration fermentation did not negatively impact on ruminal pH. STMR and FTMRs can be used to maintain performance of growing crossbred Holstein steers.