组方优化的阳和胶囊对碘乙酸钠诱导大鼠骨关节炎的作用研究

目的探讨组方优化的阳和胶囊对碘乙酸钠诱导的大鼠骨关节炎的治疗作用及其机制研究。方法采用大鼠膝关节腔内注射4%碘乙酸钠溶液0.1 ml,连续注射7天,建立大鼠骨关节炎模型。于造模后分别灌胃给予组方优化的阳和胶囊高、中、低剂量及阳性对照双醋瑞因胶囊(8.0mg/kg),每日1次,连续给药4周。实验期间每周测定大鼠膝关节肿胀度。实验结束后测定大鼠膝关节灌洗液中NO、PGE-2含量,血清中IL-1β、TNF-α含量,及软骨组织中MMP-1、MMP-13含量。结果实验期间模型组大鼠膝关节显著肿胀(P0.01),各给药组与模型组相比均有不同程度缓解。组方优化的阳和胶囊高、中剂量组能够显著降低膝关节灌洗液中NO、PGE-2含量(P0.01)、显著降低血清中IL-1β、TNF-α含量(P0.01)明显降低软骨组织中MMP-1、MMP-13含量(P0.05)。结论组方优化的阳和胶囊对碘乙酸钠诱导的大鼠骨关节炎具有治疗作用,其机制可能与降低膝关节灌洗液及血清中NO、PGE-2、IL-1β、TNF-α水平及软骨组织中MMP-1、MMP-13含量有关。     

寄生壮骨颗粒对木瓜蛋白酶诱导大鼠骨关节炎的作用研究

目的探讨寄生壮骨颗粒对木瓜蛋白酶诱导大鼠骨关节炎的治疗作用。方法采用膝关节内注射10%木瓜蛋白酶和0.03mol/LL-半胱氨酸混合溶液制备大鼠骨关节炎模型,造模后分别给予寄生壮骨颗粒(8.69g/kg、4.35g/kg、2.12g/kg)及阳性药盐酸氨基葡萄糖(0.13g/kg),每日1次,连续灌胃给药4周。测定大鼠体重、膝关节肿胀度,血清中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13及滑膜组织中糖胺多糖的含量评价其治疗作用。结果寄生壮骨颗粒高、中剂量组能够显著降低血清中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13的水平,增加滑膜组织中糖胺多糖的含量。结论寄生壮骨颗粒对木瓜蛋白酶诱导大鼠骨关节炎具有治疗作用,其机制可能与降低血清中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3、MMP-13的水平和增加滑膜组织中糖胺多糖的含量有关。     

稳尿胶囊对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠膀胱过度活动症的治疗作用研究

目的探讨稳尿胶囊对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠膀胱过度活动症的治疗作用及其机制研究。方法采用大鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺(75mg/kg),每3日注射1次,共4次,建立大鼠膀胱过度活动症模型。造模后1h分别灌胃给予不同浓度稳尿胶囊高、中、低剂量(1.35、2.7、5.4mg/kg)和阳性对照托特罗定片(0.5mg/kg),每日1次,连续给药14天。实验期间观察大鼠一般状态。末次给药2h后检测大鼠尿流动力学参数(排尿压峰值,排尿基础压力,排尿间隔时间),测量膀胱剩余尿量。实验结束后称量膀胱湿重,计算膀胱指数。测量血清中NGF含量,测量膀胱组织上清液中SOD、MDA、IL-1β含量。结果实验期间造模大鼠体重减轻,毛发脱落,口鼻出血,精神萎靡。与正常组相比,模型组大鼠排尿间隔时间缩短、排尿压峰值降低、膀胱剩余尿量增多、膀胱指数升高,均有显著性差异(P0.01),体内NGF、MDA、IL-1β含量增加(P0.01,P0.05),SOD含量显著减少(P0.01);与模型组比较,稳尿胶囊高剂量组和阳性对照组可延长排尿间隔时间、升高排尿压峰值、使膀胱残余尿量减少,均有显著性差异(P0.01),可降低膀胱指数(P0.05),降低体内NGF、MDA、IL-1β含量(P0.01,P0.05),显著升高SOD含量(P0.01)。结论稳尿胶囊对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠膀胱过度活动症具有治疗作用,其机制可能与改善尿流动力学指标及降低体内NGF、MDA、IL-1β含量及增加SOD含量有关。     

山灵参胶囊对大鼠实验性高脂血症的保护作用

目的观察山灵参胶囊对大鼠实验性高脂血症的保护作用。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只,取10只作为正常组,其余大鼠喂养高脂饲料6周建立实验性高脂血症模型。造模组按体重随机分为模型组,山灵参胶囊250、500、1000 mg/kg组和阳性药辛伐他汀片30 mg/kg组,各组分别灌胃给药,正常组及模型组给予同体积0.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠。给药30天后,各组大鼠水合氯醛麻醉,腹主动脉取血,检测血清TC、TG、LDL-c、HDL-c、FFA、MDA含量及SOD活性;取肝脏制备匀浆,检测肝组织TC、TG、MDA含量及SOD活性。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL-c、FFA及MDA含量均明显升高,肝组织TC、TG及MDA含量亦明显升高,SOD活性降低(P0.05或P0.01)。与模型组比较,山灵参胶囊500、1000 mg/kg剂量组能明显降低大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-c、FFA及MDA含量,升高SOD活性,并能明显降低大鼠肝组织TC、TG及MDA含量,升高SOD活性(P0.05或P0.01)。结论山灵参胶囊对大鼠实验性高脂血症具有明显保护作用,可能通过减轻肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤,增强机体清除氧自由基能力实现的。     

TFDG对IL-1β体外诱导大鼠软骨细胞炎性损伤的保护作用研究

体外分离培养SD雄性大鼠膝关节软骨细胞,经甲苯胺蓝及Ⅱ型胶原(Col Ⅱ)免疫荧光染色鉴定后,加入白介素-1β(IL-1β)诱导建立骨关节炎(OA)细胞模型,探讨茶黄素双没食子酸酯(TFDG)对OA软骨细胞的保护作用。细胞形态观察发现TFDG能明显改善OA软骨细胞形态。实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)结果显示,TFDG不仅可以上调软骨细胞分子标志物Col Ⅱ mRNA的表达,还可以下调炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6mRNA的表达。酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测结果进一步表明TFDG可明显降低炎症因子的分泌。免疫印迹(Western blot)检测结果证明,TFDG预干扰可降低炎症诱导酶环氧化酶COX-2蛋白表达量。这些结果说明TFDG通过减弱炎症反应,从而对IL-1β体外诱导大鼠软骨细胞炎性损伤起到保护作用。     

五杞胶囊对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的保护作用

目的观察五杞胶囊对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的保护作用。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药物组及五杞胶囊2、4、8g生药/kg组。皮下注射CCL4花生油溶液10周建立大鼠实验性肝纤维化模型,五杞胶囊给药4周后观察大鼠肝脏系数,测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)活力及白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、总蛋白(TP)含量,肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量。结果五杞胶囊能明显降低大鼠肝脏系数,升高大鼠血清ALB含量及A/G比值,降低血清AST、ALT、CHE活力及GLO含量,减少肝组织Hyp、MDA含量,升高SOD活性。结论五杞胶囊通过减轻肝细胞脂质过氧化损伤改善肝功能,纠正肝纤维化引起的白蛋白降低。     

稳尿胶囊对大鼠膀胱过度活动症的治疗作用及机制研究

目的探究稳尿胶囊对BOO大鼠膀胱过度活动症的治疗作用及其机制研究。方法选取雌性SD大鼠60只,按体重随机分为假手术组6只,BOO模型组14只,阳性对照托特罗定(0.5mg/kg)组10只,稳尿胶囊高、中、低剂量(5.4、2.7、1.35mg/kg)组各10只。采用膀胱梗阻(BOO)模型复制膀胱过度活动症,造模的同时开始给药,每日1次,连续6周。末次给药2h后行膀胱造瘘术测定大鼠尿流动力学参数,记录PT及MP,收集UV及RV,计算TUV,收集尿液上清测定尿液NGF。取膀胱组织并观察膀胱组织形态学变化,称膀胱湿重,计算膀胱指数。取膀胱组织上清液测定IL-1β、SOD、MDA含量。结果 BOO模型大鼠的MP升高,膀胱湿重、膀胱指数升高(P0.01),RV增多,UV降低(P0.01);膀胱组织发生明显病变。尿液NGF、膀胱组织上清液IL-1β、MDA含量升高,SOD含量下降(P0.01,P0.05)。与模型组相比,稳尿胶囊高剂量组和阳性对照组大鼠MP下降,RV减少、UV增多(P0.01),膀胱湿重及膀胱指数减小(P0.01),膀胱病变程度减轻。尿液NGF、膀胱组织上清液IL-1β、MDA含量下降,SOD含量升高(P0.01,P0.05)。结论稳尿胶囊可以改善BOO大鼠膀胱过度活动症状,可能是通过调节膀胱尿流动力学参数、减少膀胱刺激因素、降低膀胱氧化损伤而发挥作用。     

益肾降浊胶囊对腺嘌呤致大鼠慢性肾功能衰竭的影响研究

目的探讨益肾降浊胶囊对腺嘌呤诱导的慢性肾衰大鼠的肾脏保护作用。方法采用灌胃给与腺嘌呤法建立大鼠慢性肾衰(CRF)模型,造模后每日1次连续灌胃给予益肾降浊胶囊。4周后,测定各组大鼠24h尿量、24h尿蛋白含量,称取大鼠体质量、肾重并计算肾指数,测定大鼠血清中肌酐(Scr)及尿素氮(BUN)含量,并在光镜下观察肾脏组织变化情况。结果与对照组相比,模型组大鼠生长构建期间生长状态明显变差,体重增长缓慢。与CRF模型组大鼠相比,益肾降浊胶囊给药组的大鼠体重增加明显,大鼠血清中Scr、BUN及尿液中24h尿蛋白水平显著降低。病理分析结果显示,肾脏组织结构的紊乱、肾小球固缩,炎性细胞浸润、肾间质纤维化症状明显改善。结论益肾降浊胶囊能够有效的治疗腺嘌呤所致的大鼠慢性肾功能衰竭。     

肝纤胶囊对小鼠肝损伤的初步研究

目的探究肝纤胶囊对(GC)小鼠肝损伤的初步影响。方法取昆明小鼠120只,将其随机均分为Ⅰ组:四氯化碳造模;Ⅱ组:D-氨基半乳糖造模。对Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组分别进行造模后,Ⅰ组小鼠取肝组织制作病理切片、测量血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)含量、肝组织中SOD及GSH-Px的活性和MDA的含量,以及Ⅱ组小鼠血清中ALT和AST的含量及肝组织中SOD的活性和MDA的含量。结果肝纤胶囊大、中剂量组能够显著抑制四氯化碳组小鼠的肝组织病变程度并增强肝组织中GSH-Px与SOD活性,同时能够降低两种模型小鼠血清中ALT和AST的含量及肝组织中MDA水平。结论肝纤胶囊对四氯化碳及D-氨基半乳糖诱导的小鼠肝损伤起到保护作用。     

参泽舒肝胶囊及其拆方连续多次给药对大鼠肾功能及肾组织形态的影响

目的 通过大鼠连续给药26周肾功能及肾组织形态的观察,明确参泽舒肝胶囊（QF）及其所含成分大黄(DH)、泽泻(ZX)、决明子(JMZ)对肾脏的影响。方法 正常健康大鼠分别灌胃给予QF、DH、ZX、JMZ提取物26周,期间对大鼠的体表特征、体重、饮食、饮水量进行观察,并对尿微量蛋白、CRE、BUN、GSH-PX、SOD含量或酶活性等进行检测,并观察肾脏组织病理形态学变化及肾组织中HIF1β的表达。结果 给药26周末,各给药组对大鼠外观状态、体重、饮食饮水、尿常规均无明显影响。尿微量蛋白、血清CRE、BUN、GSH-PX、SOD含量或酶活性测定值均稳定在一定区间范围内,病理结果显示,对照组、全方高（QFG）、低剂量（QFD）组均可见个别动物肾小管发生轻微肿胀,与对照组比较GF组未见明显形态差异;单独大黄、泽泻、决明子提取物各剂量组不同程度的增加肾小管变性程度的等级,增加发生肾小管变性数量。结论 单独DH、ZX、JMZ长期大量服用会出现一定的肾毒性反应,QF长期给药均未显示明显的肾毒性反应,提示组方以后具有明显的配伍减毒作用,该制剂长期服用安全可靠。     

西洋参总皂苷对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的探究西洋参总皂苷(AGS)对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血液流变学的影响;方法正常雌性Wistar大鼠50只随机分为5组,分别为假手术组、模型组、AGS 25 mg/kg剂量组、AGS 50 mg/kg剂量组、AGS100 mg/kg剂量组。各组大鼠连续灌胃7 d后进行缺血再灌注损伤处理,缺血30 min再灌120 min,观察血液流变学相关指标变化。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠血小板粘附率、血小板聚集率及最大聚集率、全血粘度和血浆粘度均显著升高(P0.01);与模型组比较,给药组大鼠血小板粘附率、血小板聚集率及最大聚集率、全血粘度和血浆粘度均均明显降低(P0.05或P0.01)。结论 AGS可显著改善心肌缺血再灌注后的血液流变性,改善大鼠血液循环,对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有明显保护作用。     

The effect of curcumin (active substance of turmeric) on the acetic acid-induced visceral nociception in rats

In the present study, the effect of chronic oral administration of curcumin in the presence or absence of morphine and noloxone was investigated on the visceral nociception induced by acetic acid in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid (1 mL, 2%) produced contractions in the abdominal musculature (writhes). The latency time to the beginning of the first writhe was measured and the total number of writhes in the 1 h after acetic acid injection was counted. The latency time to the beginning of the first writhe was significantly (p < 0.05) increased and the number of writhes was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by curcumin (20 and 40 mg kg(-1) body weight). The same results were obtained after subcutaneous injection of morphine (1 mg kg(-1) b.wt.). Naloxone at the dose of 1 mg kg(-1) body weight had no effect on pain intensity. Curcumin significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the effect of morphine on the visceral pain responses, however did not reverse the effect of naloxone. Present data suggest that in the acetic acid-induced visceral nociception of rats, curcumin may produce an antinociceptive effect and the endogenous analgesic opioid system is involved in the curcumin-induced antinociception.     

The effect of algal protein diets on the regeneration of serum and liver proteins in protein depleted rats

The protein quality of algaeSpirulina platensis was evaluated biochemically in adult albino rats by serum protein regeneration studies. Rats depleted for 12 days were repleted for 15 days with diets containing 10% protein derived from algae, methionine supplemented algae, or casein. On protein depletion, the activity of the hepatic enzymes, succinic dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase, were lowered while the activity of alkaline phosphatase increased. Protein repletion with algal and casein diets resulted in an increased activity of succinic dehydrogenase and alanine amino transferase and a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity. However, the levels of these three enzymes were lower with the algal than with the casein diets. Algal diets regenerated serum protein effectively though to a slightly lesser extent than casein.     

In vivo degradation and stimulating effect of phaseolin on nitrogen secretion in rats

In short-term feeding experiments, about 78% of the phaseolin administered to rats was degraded regardless of the amounts of phaseolin intubated. In contrast, the total N found in the feces increased rapidly and exceeded the original administered amounts. The bulk of N output was not immunologically related to the glycoprotein. The effects of phaseolin on the stimulation of endogenous N secretion in the small intestine were confirmed from the results of acute experiments. Phaseolin fragments, derived from the breakdown of the native protein, when reapplied intragastrically to rats, were broken down further and to a similar extent as the original glycoprotein and were even more potent related to stimulation of N secretion. It is suggested that this secretagogue biological activity of phaseolin and not its resistance to gut proteolysis, is the main reason for the poor nutritional value of this glycoprotein.     

The effect of Teucrium polium (Calpoureh) on liver function, serum lipids and glucose in diabetic male rats

BACKGROUND: Teucrium polium is an analgesic, antidiabetic and antilipeidemic herbal medicament. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract T. polium on liver enzymes linked to liver dysfunction, serum lipids and glucose, in diabetic male rats. METHODS: A total of 20 Sprague-Dawly male rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). the animals were divided randomly into two groups. Experimental group was fed Teucrium polium (50 mg/kg) for a month but control group was received the same volume of distilled water. Liver enzymes, biochemical parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase, aspartae transaminase) and glucose were measured by kinetic (Enzymatic) and colorimetric methods. Data obtained were analyzed and mean values were compared by paired student's t-test. The results were expressed as mean +/- SD. Significant differences were set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Our results showed that in test group, serum glucose values decreased significantly (P < 0.05), but cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, alanine transaminase and aspartae transaminase increased significantly after use of T. polium (P < 0.05). This parameters value did not show any changes in control group. CONCLUSION: Although the aqueous extract of Teucrium polium has strong hypoglycemic properties in experimental animals, but because of some hepatotoxic effects, it is not suitable to use it in human as an antidiabetic agent.     

5年生种植人参对成年大鼠糖脂代谢及下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴功能变化的影响

目的观察5年生种植人参食用对成年大鼠糖脂代谢及下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴功能变化的影响,探讨人参食用对机体内分泌系统功能的调节作用。方法正常成年Wistar大鼠随机分为10组,即:对照组,5年生种植人参原粉小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,5年生种植人参水提物小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,5年生种植人参醇提物小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,每组14只。各组大鼠连续灌胃给药3个月,观察糖脂代谢及下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴功能变化。结果与对照组比较,人参醇提物中、大剂量组可使正常成年大鼠血糖明显降低(P0.05或P0.01),人参原粉及人参醇提物中、大剂量组均可使正常成年大鼠TG明显降低(P0.05或P0.01),人参水提物中剂量组可使正常成年大鼠T4明显降低(P0.05),人参原粉、人参水提物及人参醇提物各剂量组对正常成年大鼠甲状腺脏器系数及血清中CHO、TSH、T3含量均无明显影响(P0.05)。结论人参醇提物对正常成年大鼠具有糖脂代谢调节作用;人参原粉及人参水提物对正常成年大鼠的糖脂代谢及下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴无明显影响。     

The effect of fluidized bed combustion residue on the composition and nutritional quality of food crops for hamsters and rats

Food crops (corn, oats, soybeans, vegetables) were grown on soils treated with fluidized bed combustion residue (FBCR) or hydrated lime. The composition of the foods and their nutritional quality were evaluated in growth, balance and carcass composition studies with growing hamsters and rats. Application of FBCR had little effect on elemental concentrations of dietary components. Weight gains in hamsters over a 6 week period were higher on FBCR than on lime-treated corn diets, but there were no differences due to FBCR in gains of hamsters on the oats diets or in rats on either of the cereal based diets. Apparent retention of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, sulphur and magnesium was determined by balance and by carcass analysis. Differences in mineral retention between FBCR and lime treatments were generally small and inconsistent. Analysis of the whole body of hamsters showed lower concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and copper with FBCR compared to lime-treated corn diets; little difference in body composition was found in the rat. There was no significant accumulation of heavy metals in liver, kidney, bone, serum or hair (of rats only) and no significant differences in concentrations of elements in organs due to application of FBCR to soils on which the dietary components had been grown.