盘锦市水稻机械化插秧现状及发展对策

分析了制约和阻碍盘锦市水稻机械化插秧发展的原因,提出加快推进水稻机械化插秧工作的改进措施和方案,对提高盘锦市水稻全程机械化水平的发展有着积极的推动作用。      

盘锦市水稻收获机械化现状及发展趋势

1盘锦市水稻收获机械化的现状 水稻生产是盘锦市的主要国民经济的支柱之一,水稻种植面积9.33万hm2.     

盘锦市水田机械化保护性耕作技术应用研究

水稻是盘锦市最主要的粮食作物,也是辽宁省重要的水稻生产基地.由于长期以来重用轻养,造成盘锦市水稻种植土壤贫瘠加速,水稻品质下降.有必要采取保护性耕作方式,改变传统的耕作模式.介绍国内外机械化保护性耕作技术的应用现状,分析盘锦市水田机械化保护性耕作技术项目内容及特点,论述水田机械化保护性耕作的重要作用及其显著的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益.     

水稻机械化高效植保作业技术模式应用研究

为实现水稻生产农药减量控害,盘锦市农机技术推广站积极探索水稻机械化高效植保作业技术模式。经过大量实践工作,提出适合盘锦市乃至辽宁省水稻种植特点的技术模式,并进行试验验证,分析其技术优势与技术要点,以期为水稻机械化高效植保作业技术模式的推广应用提供参考。     

盘锦市水稻全程机械化技术的应用

盘锦市水稻生产机械化发展迅速,但在秸秆还田、减肥减药、高效植保等机械化作业方面还存在差距。介绍盘锦市水稻全程机械化技术流程和关键环节技术要点,制定水稻全程机械化机具配备方案,为当地水稻全程机械化发展提供技术参考。     

我国水稻种植机械化概况及发展方向

与发达国家相比,我国水稻生产机械化水平依然很低,尤其是水稻种植机械化水平更低。本文论述了我国水稻种植机械化发展概况和存在的问题,提出我国了水稻种植机械化的发展方向,通过水稻种植机械化促进我国水稻生产机械化的发展。     

我国水稻种植机械化概况及发展方向

与发达国家相比,我国水稻生产机械化水平依然很低,尤其是水稻种植机械化水平更低.本文论述了我国水稻种植机械化发展概况和存在的问题,提出我国了水稻种植机械化的发展方向,通过水稻种植机械化促进我国水稻生产机械化的发展.     

盘锦市推进水稻全程机械化过程中的问题与对策

近年来,盘锦市水稻生产全程机械化推进工作取得了一定成绩,但也存在一些问题。就目前水稻全程机械化过程中的植保机械化问题、秋翻地与秸秆禁烧问题、工厂化育苗与育秧硬盘问题,以及新型机械化钵苗移栽技术推广问题进行探讨,以期为今后盘锦市水稻全程机械化的发展提供参考。     

水稻种植机械化现状与发展方向

水稻机械化育插秧技术是我国发展水稻种植机械化的主推技术,目前正在我国大面积推广,因水稻种植环节制约因素较多的影响,水稻种植机械化水平仍然相对较低。针对此种情况剖析了水稻种植机械化发展的现状,并对今后的发展方向进行了探讨。     

我国水稻插秧机械质量专题分析

正水稻是我国第一大粮食作物,是我国粮食生产的重要组成部分,因此,提高水稻生产机械化水平至关重要。目前,我国水稻种植和收获基本实现了机械化,但水稻种植机械化水平还有很大的发展空间。水稻插秧机作为水稻种植机械化的重要产品,其行业的发展和产品质量对推动水稻种植机械化进程有很大的影响。一、我国水稻插秧机行业发展现状近年来,农机购置补贴政策有效刺激了插秧机市场的发展,农民使用积极性高涨,水稻种植     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。