牛羊东毕血吸虫病与肝片吸虫病混合感染的防治

牛羊东毕血吸虫病是由东毕血吸虫引起的牛羊的一种慢性传染病.可引起牛羊贫血、消瘦、水肿及母畜不孕或流产,甚至因恶病质大批死亡.牛羊肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起的牛羊急性或慢性肝炎和胆囊炎,并伴有全身性中毒和营养障碍的一种寄生虫病.牛羊东毕血吸虫病很少发生,牛羊肝片吸虫病常有发生,两种混合感染、合并暴发颇为少见.吉林省前郭县曾于1986、1998年因遭受了历史上罕见的洪涝灾害,草原过水严重,草原地区大面积暴发牛羊东毕血吸虫及肝片吸虫混合感染,给畜牧业造成了严重的损失.因此,畜牧业生产实践中,尤其是夏季多雨季节、草原过水严重时做好防治牛羊东毕血吸虫及肝片吸虫混合感染具有十分重要的意义.     

牛羊东毕血吸虫病与肝片吸虫病混合感染

牛羊东毕血吸虫病是由东毕血吸虫引起牛羊的一种慢性传染病,可引起牛羊贫血、消瘦、水肿及母畜不孕或流产,甚至因恶病质而大批死亡。牛羊肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起牛羊急性或慢性肝炎和胆囊炎、并伴有全身性中毒和营养障碍的一种寄生虫病。牛羊东毕血吸虫病很少发生,牛羊肝片     

牛羊东毕血吸虫病与肝片吸虫病混合感染的防治

牛羊东毕血吸虫病是由东毕血吸虫引起的牛羊的一种慢性传染病。可引起牛羊贫血、消瘦、水肿及母畜不孕或流产，甚至因恶性病质大批死亡。牛羊肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起的牛羊急性或慢性肝炎和胆囊炎，并伴有全身性中毒和营养障碍的一种寄生虫病。牛羊东毕血吸虫病很少     

牛羊东毕血吸虫病与肝片吸虫病混合感染的诊疗报告

牛羊东毕血吸虫病是由东毕血吸虫引起牛羊的一种慢性传染病。可引起牛羊贫血、消瘦、水肿及母畜不孕或流产，甚至因恶病质而大批死亡。牛羊肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起牛羊急性或慢性肝炎和胆囊炎，并伴有全身性中毒和营养障碍的一种寄生虫病。牛羊东毕血吸虫病很少发生，...     

欢迎订阅2005年《中国兽医科技》

牛羊东毕血吸虫病是由东毕血吸虫引起的牛羊的一种慢性传染病。可引起牛羊贫血、消瘦、水肿及母畜不孕或流产，甚至因恶病质大批死亡。牛羊肝片吸虫病是由肝片吸虫引起的牛羊急性或慢性肝炎和胆囊炎，并伴有全身性中毒和营养障碍的一种寄生虫病。牛羊东毕血吸虫病很少发生，牛羊肝片吸虫病常有发生，两种混合感染、合并暴发颇为少见。     

牛羊东毕血吸虫病防控

近几年,吉林省通榆县域内每年都有血吸虫病发生,多是由东毕属吸虫(Orientobilharzia sp.)寄生于牛羊的肠系膜静脉引起的一种血吸虫病。牛羊东毕血吸虫病是一种慢性传染病,可引起牛羊贫血、极度消瘦、腹水等严重营养不良性死亡,是危害本地区畜牧养殖的寄生虫病之一。     

三胃注射血防制剂治疗牛东毕血吸虫病的试验报告

吡喹酮是一种新型广谱抗蠕虫药,对血吸虫病有特效,但迄今该药对牛东毕血吸虫病的注射法治疗报道尚少,我们于1990年开始承担省科委“八五”科研项目——牛羊东毕血吸虫病的特异性诊断与治疗。为筛选最佳治疗药物,应用血防制剂经三胃注射治疗牛东毕血吸虫病,经试验证明,收到满意效果,现将结果报告如下。     

加强放牧管理控制血吸虫病效果试验

岳阳县下湘良湖湖洲枯水季节有草洲1.5万余亩,由于气候温和多雨,牧草生长茂盛,为发展草食动物提供了牧草资源,也是血吸虫中间宿主钉螺繁殖孳生的温床.除涨水季节牧草被淹外,日均有1 000余牛羊在湖洲上放牧,感染血吸虫病并传播病原,是我县血吸虫病疫情最为严重的地区之一,1997年我们在此设点,开展加强放牧管理控制血吸虫效果试验,通过4年的工作,人、畜血吸虫病感染率分别由11.3%和7.8%下降到5.2%和3%,人均年收入增加800元,取得了良好的效果与效益.     

ELIB诊断黄牛东毕血吸虫病的研究

本研究应用酶联免疫印清技术分析了东毕血吸虫成虫部分纯化抗原中具有免疫活性的蛋白质组分，其中分子量为３５、８０、９２和９４ｋＤ的蛋白质具有较灵敏的反应原性，可做为东毕血吸虫病的诊断抗原。本试验应用此种抗原探索了诊断黄牛东毕血吸虫病的方法，取得了满意结果。     

ELIB诊断黄平东毕血吸虫病的研究

本研究应用酶联免疫印渍技术（ＥＬＩＢ）分析了东毕血吸虫成虫部分纯化抗原中具有免疫活性的蛋白质组分，其中分子量为３５、８０、９２和９４ｋＤ的蛋白质具有较灵敏的反应原性，可做为东毕血吸虫病的诊断抗原。本试验应用此种抗原探索了诊断黄牛东毕血吸虫病的方法，取得了满意结果。     

牛羊梨形虫病及媒介蜱综合防治药物筛选

天祝县莫客片一带牛梨形虫病发病率达24.6%,病死率28.6%;羊发病率34.2%,病死率27.5%,与往年相比变化不大,笔者从蜱控制、梨形虫病预防加治疗相结合综合防控入手,作控制、预防药物试验对比,筛选药效长、低毒、安全、广谱药物,结果显示用敌杀死环境灭蜱,同时注施可诺注射液控制蜱感染,用蒿甲醚注射液或盐酸咪唑苯脲,预防和治疗梨形虫病,能有效降低当地牛羊梨形虫病的发病率和病死率。     

Fertility and viability rates of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in the Mazandaran Province,Northern Iran

The aim of this study was to determine the fertility and viability of hydatid cysts in slaughtered sheep and cattle. Cysts were collected from the liver and lungs of 169 sheep and 171 cattle infected with Echinococcus granulosus when slaughtered in industrial abattoir in Sari, Iran, 2007–2008. Fertility was determined by the examination of cyst fluid for the presence of protoscoleces. The viability of the protoscoleces was assessed by staining with 0.1% aqueous eosin solution. The fertility rates of hepatic cyst of sheep and cattle were 47.1% and 1.4%, respectively and the fertility rates of pulmonary cyst of sheep and cattle were 39.4% and 8.1%. In the sheep, the fertility of cysts in the liver was higher than that in lungs, but in the cattle the fertility of cysts in lungs was higher than liver. The viability of protoscoleces of fertile cysts for sheep and cattle were about 76.9% and 82.5%, respectively. Based on the finding in the present study, effort should be made to control transmission of cystic echinococcosis by safe disposal of Echinococcus cysts such that dogs cannot have access to the cysts.     

海晏县沼泽草场牛羊放牧情况及同盘吸虫感染调查

为了解海晏县沼泽草场放牧牛羊及同盘吸虫感染等情况而进行了本调查,结果为：沼泽草场放牧户占到全县总放牧户数的9.27%,放牧牛羊分别占到全县牛羊总数的10.93%和12.65%。77.78%的沼泽草场放牧户牛羊感染同盘吸虫,而牛群和羊群同盘吸虫感染率分别达到了59.26%和48.15%;牛羊群体混合感染率40.74%;牛羊个体同盘吸虫感染率分别为14.83%和17.04%。结果还表明专业技术人员等对同盘吸虫病了解不足,区域间感染率差别较大,牛羊感染率有上升的趋势,证明现在使用的驱除药物对同盘吸虫虫卵阳性率降低很不理想,今后对本病的预防知识普及宣传及技术培训、驱除药物研制和筛选、湿地椎实螺的防治十分迫切。     

THE EFFECT OF MIXED GRAZING OF SHEEP AND CATTLE ON WORM BURDENS IN LAMBS

Lambs from ewes grazed without cattle at 4.9, 7.4 and 9.9 ewes and lambs per hectare and from ewes run with steers at an equivalent median stocking rate at four ratios in which sheep comprised 30%, 40%, 50% and 70% of the animal equivalents were killed and examined for worms. When sheep grazed alone, there was no significant increase in the number of worm species normally found in sheep, namely Ostertagia circumcincta and Nematodirus spathiger, with an increase in stocking rate. When sheep grazed with cattle, there was a decrease in the number of worm species normally found in sheep but an increase in the number of those normally found in cattle, namely Cooperia oncophora and Trichostrongylus axei, as the proportion of cattle in the ratio increased. The total worm burdens were low due to the management of the flock and parasites were not shown to have affected productivity. The results are discussed and the practical aspects of the findings are presented.     

绵羊与牛片形吸虫病的粪便检测新技术

本文应用廖党金 (1 996)的方法 [9] ,并对粪便的不同稀释度和采样量进行处理来检测绵羊和牛片形吸虫病。选 2只绵羊 ,每羊分别称取 1 g、3g、5g、8g、1 1 g和 1 4g粪便样品 ,每个样品沉淀液分别做 5～ 1 0 m L/g的稀释 ;选 3头黄牛 ,每牛分别称取 3个 1 0 g粪便样品 ,样品沉淀液分别做 3～5m L/g、5～ 7m L /g和 5～ 8m L /g稀释度 ,然后计数其片形吸虫虫卵 ,结果表明每 g羊粪便沉淀液稀释 5～ 1 0 m L和每 g牛粪便沉淀液稀释 3～ 7m L较佳。对片形吸虫虫卵在牛和羊粪便中分布的均匀性测定 :在 6只绵羊 ,从每只绵羊一次排出粪便的 6个不同部位各取一个 2 g重的小样品 ,分别对这 6个小样品处理、计片形吸虫虫卵数 ,求出其 EPG值 ;在 4头黄牛 ,从每头黄牛一次排出的粪便的 5个不同部位各取 1 0 g重的小样品 ,分别对这 5个小样品处理、计片形吸虫虫卵数 ,求出其 EPG值。然后用数学方法分别处理其 EPG值 ,结果表明用本检测方法检查绵羊片形吸虫病所需的粪便采样量每只羊应在 4.7g以上 ,检查牛片形吸虫病所需的粪便采样量每头牛应在 2 7.5g以上     

云南建水地区2017-2019年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的流行病学调查分析

为了解建水地区近几年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的流行情况,采用虎红平板及试管凝集试验对2017-2019年期间采集的150份牛血清、450份羊血清进行检测,并对数据进行统计分析。结果显示,2017-2019年牛布鲁氏菌病的阳性率为0.67%,羊布鲁氏菌病的阳性率为0.22%。其中2017年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的阳性率均为0%;2018年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的阳性率均为0%;2019年牛羊布鲁氏菌病的阳性率分别为2%、0.67%。本研究为促进本地区畜牧业健康稳定发展、养殖户效益增收以及保障畜产品质量安全提供了参考依据。     

柴达木盆地家畜舍饲育肥综合效益评价

在柴达木盆地推广使用地产饲草料舍饲育肥家畜具有良好的效益和前景，畜均纯收益分别为成牛244，25元、犊牛317．82元、藏成羊71．7元、半细毛成羊58.01元、藏羔羊34．61元、半细毛羔羊40.69元；按一个农村劳动力饲喂10头成牛和40只成羊、每年育肥两次（折合180个羊单位）计，纯收益可达1．3万元，以推广3000户计算，可降低天然草地载畜量30×10^4羊单位，减少天然草地放牧压力20％。     

2018年西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病血清学调查与防控对策

为全面了解2018年西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病(Brucellosis,布病)的流行情况,采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)对28901份牛羊血清样品进行检测和确诊。结果显示6997份牛血清样品中检出阳性样品150份,21904份羊血清样品中检出阳性样品140份,牛个体阳性率为2.14%,羊个体阳性率为0.64%,牛羊个体阳性率为1.00%。根据调查结果,提出布病防控的建议和对策。     

Field observations during the Bluetongue serotype 8 epidemic in 2006. II. Morbidity and mortality rate, case fatality and clinical recovery in sheep and cattle in the Netherlands

Data collected in the Netherlands during the Bluetongue serotype 8 (BTV-8) epidemic indicated that in outbreak cattle herds, predominantly dairy and nursing cows were clinically affected and not young stock, beef cattle, beef calves, or breeding animals. In outbreak sheep flocks, mainly ewes and - if present - rams, were clinically affected and not the lambs. Median morbidity rate in outbreak herds was 1.85 per 100 sheep-month at risk and 0.32 per 100 cattle-month at risk for sheep and cattle, respectively. The mean proportion of BT-affected animals in outbreak herds that recovered from clinical disease was approximately eight times higher for cattle compared to sheep in the Netherlands. Median mortality rate in outbreak herds was 0.5 per 100 sheep-month at risk of dying and 0 per 100 cattle-month at risk of dying for sheep and cattle, respectively. Median recovery time of both sheep and cattle that recovered from clinical disease in outbreak herds was 14 days. Median case fatality was 50% in sheep outbreak flocks and 0% in outbreak cattle herds. It is concluded that morbidity and mortality in outbreak cattle herds was very limited during the BTV-8 epidemic in the Netherlands in 2006. In outbreak sheep flocks, morbidity was limited, with exceptions for a few flocks. However, almost 50% of the clinically sick sheep died in outbreak sheep herds.     

THE ANTHELMINTIC EFFICIENCY OF LAEVO-TETRAMISOLE HYDROCHLORIDE AGAINST NEMATODE PARASITES OF SHEEP AND CATTLE

Critical anthelmintic tests and controlled trials were used to assess the efficiency of laevo -tetramisole hydrochloride against nematode infections in sheep and cattle.
In sheep, oral dose rates of 5 mg/kg and above were 94 to 100% effective against adult Haemonchus contortus , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp, Nematodirus spp, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum and Chabertia ovina . A dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg was required for consistently high activity against Ostertagia spp, but activity against Trichostrongylus axei remained variable at this dose level. Efficiency against Trichuris ovis ranged from 76 to 100% at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg. The drug was 94 to 100% effective against 7-day old and 14-day old H. contortus , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp and O. colun bianum infections, and 83 to 89% effective against 14-day old Ostertagia spp and T. axei , at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg. Seven-day old Ostertagia spp larvae were highly resistant at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg, while activity against T. axei infections of the same age appeared variable at 5 and 10 mg/kg.
In cattle, subcutaneous treatment at dose rates of 1.5 mg/kg and above, and oral treatment at 7.5 mg/kg, were 93 to 100% effective against adult Haemonchus placei , intestinal Trichostrongylus spp, Nematodirus helvetianus, Cooperia spp and Oesophagostomum radiatum , and 84 to 98% effective against Ostertagia ostertagi . Against Trichostrongylus axei , a rate of 5 mg/kg subcutaneously was 83% effective, and a rate of 7.5 mg/kg orally 97% effective, while these dose rates gave 88 to 100% clearance of adult Dictyocaulus viviparous .