湖北省洪涝灾害后的动物疫病防控

2016年6—8月,湖北省出现持续强降雨天气,给畜牧业带来了严重损失。本文介绍了洪涝灾害后湖北省采取的动物疫病防控措施,包括综合指导、动物防疫、监测预警、消毒灭源等,指出了灾后动物疫病防控工作的几个难点,包括自然疫源性疾病和条件致病性疫病发病风险加大、家畜补栏及流通促进动物疫病的扩散、洪涝灾害引起动物疫病反弹等,提出了加大疫情监测力度、做好灾区消毒防疫、加强免疫和检疫、做好防灾应急准备、提高养殖环节生物安全水平、落实灾后动物防疫工作责任等建议,对其他地区的灾后动物疫病控制工作提供了借鉴。     

疫情

农业部发出紧急通知要求切实加强洪涝灾害后动物防疫工作 6月13日．农业部下发紧急通知．要求近期遭受严重洪涝灾害的省份,切实加强灾后动物防疫工作,有效防控重大动物疫病和人畜共患病．确保不发生区域性重大动物疫情。     

农业农村部进一步做好洪涝灾害灾后动物防疫工作

正近期全国洪涝灾害持续发生,灾后动物防疫任务艰巨,家畜炭疽等自然疫源性疫病、人畜共患病防控形势严峻。中央领导同志对此高度重视,多次作出重要指示批示,要求加强灾后动物防疫工作,防止疫情传播蔓延。为进一步做好洪涝灾害灾后动物防疫工作,现将有关事宜通知如下。     

如何做好洪灾后的动物疫病防控工作

为切实做好灾后动物疫病预防控制工作,确保不发生区域性重大动物疫情,本文就洪涝灾害后动物疫病防控工作中无害化处理、消毒灭源、疫情监测与报告、基础免疫和饲养管理、自身防护、技术指导服务和应急准备等方面提出一系列有针对性的对策建议。     

洪涝灾害后动物疫病的防控措施

洪涝灾害是自然界中最常见的自然灾害之一,发生洪涝灾害对畜牧业有严重的影响,尤其易引发各种动物疫病。分析了洪涝灾害对动物疫病发生的影响,提出了洪涝灾害后动物疫病防控的具体措施,旨在防止重大动物疫病及人畜共患病的发生,确保大灾之后不出现重大动物疫情。     

卷首语

进入夏季以来,一些地方遭受了长期阴雨和多次大到暴雨的袭击,洪涝灾害给畜牧生产带来了一定的损失,加上入夏以来,生猪高热综合症、禽流感、口蹄疫等重大动物疫病的防控形势严峻,洪涝灾害更有可能造成动物的疫病流行。夏道伦在其《洪涝灾害后动物疾病防控措施》一文中,对洪涝灾害     

每期关注

要闻农业部发出紧急通知:高度重视灾后防疫强化各项防控措施加强洪涝灾害地区重大动物疫病防控7月15日,农业部发出紧急通知,要求当前受洪涝灾害影响严重的省份,切实加强灾后动物防疫工作,有效防控重大动物疫病发生,保证洪     

洪涝灾害后动物疫病的综合防控措施

正2016年7月,贵州省印江县紫薇镇遭受特大暴雨袭击,导致17个村遭受不同程度的洪涝灾害,不仅给灾区群众生命财产造成严重损失,也影响了畜禽养殖生产,增加了发生重大动物疫情的风险。在应对洪涝灾害后动物疫病防控工作中,采取加强饲养管理、圈舍消毒、免疫接种、无害化处理等综合防     

农业部发出紧急通知 要求切实加强洪涝灾害后动物防疫工作

2011年6月13日,农业部下发紧急通知,要求近期遭受严重洪涝灾害的省份,切实加强灾后动物防疫工作,有效防控重大动物疫病和人畜共患病,确保不发生区域性重大动物疫情。     

农业部发出紧急通知要求切实加强洪涝灾害后动物防疫工作

2011年6月13日，农业部下发紧急通知，要求近期遭受严重洪涝灾害的省份，切实加强灾后动物防疫工作，有效防控重大动物疫病和人畜共患病，确保不发生区域性重大动物疫情。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.