吉林省优质粳稻品种简介

吉林省经过１９９５、１９９８和２００２年三届优质米水稻品种(系 )鉴评工作 ,共评选出１３个优质米水稻品种和６个品系 ,现将目前生产上推广应用的１３个优质米品种介绍如下 :１.秋田小町由吉农水稻高新科技发展有限责任公司从日本引进的优质米品种。在吉林省两届优质米鉴评活动中均排在第一位 ,是目前吉林省优质米评比的鉴评标准品种。该品种生育期１４７天 ,比秋光晚１～３天 ,需有效积温３２００℃左右。株高９５～１００ｃｍ ,株型松散 ,分蘖力较强 ,平均每穗粒数１００粒左右 ,千粒重２６ｇ;抗稻瘟病性较差 ,不抗倒伏 ,产量较秋光略…     

吉林省主栽优质米水稻品种特征特性研究

水稻是吉林省主要的粮食作物,常年种植面积在46．7万hm^2左右,20世纪90年代末达66．7万hm^2以上,但优质米品种所占比例较少,仅占十分之一左右。因此,品质改良是提高稻农效益,稳定发展水稻生产的基础。本试验主要研究了吉林省主要优质米水稻品种的特征特性,以得出规律性的结论,指导优质米育种工作,提高吉林省稻米的竞争力和农民的种粮效益。     

水稻优质高效栽培技术

针对吉林省优质米生产过程中存在的优质品种产量低、抗病性差、优质不优价等诸多问题，从品种选择、育苗技术、插秧技术、本田施肥等技术环节阐述了水稻优质高效栽培技术。     

水稻优质高效栽培技术

针对吉林省优质米生产过程中存在的优质品种产量低、抗病性差、优质不优价等诸多问题,从品种选择、育苗技术、插秧技术、本田施肥等技术环节阐述了水稻优质高效栽培技术。     

2018年牡丹江管理局水稻优质米展示示范总结

水稻优质米生产是以当地安全成熟的优质米品种为前提,以旱育壮苗为基础,依据叶龄跟踪,以肥水管理为手段,以安全成熟为中心,确保结实率和粒重,达到安全成熟,改善稻米米质。水稻优质米的引进是一项长期的连续性的工作,水稻生产要增收,前提就是米质好、产量高、抗逆性强。通过2018年对23个优质水稻品种的对比展示试验结果分析,综合各品种的农艺性状及产量,推荐优质米主栽品种:表现较好的是育龙粳1号(熟期偏晚)和绥粳18。     

吉林省优质稻米生产优势与发展对策

吉林省土壤肥沃，农作物生长季节日照充足，成熟期昼夜温差大，具有得天独厚的优质米发展的自然条件，利用吉林省独特的自然资源发展优质米生产，不仅有利于实现吉林省有限资源的可持续利用，而且有利于有效提高农产品质量和市场竞争力，实现农业可持续发展战略。本文重点讨论了优质米的概念，分析了吉林省优质米生产优势，并提出今后发展对策。     

优质粳稻新品种通95-74无公害稻米生产技术研究

通95-74是由吉林省通化市农业科学研究院水稻所选育的优质梗稻新品种,于2002年2月通过吉林省农作物审定委员会审定,是吉林省主要推广品种之一。作为优质稻米其糙米率、精米率、整精米率、长／宽、垩白度、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度、蛋白质含量等9项指标达优质米一级标准,垩白率和直链淀粉含量2项指标达优质米二级标准(依据农业部NY122-86《优质食用稻米》标准)。采取无公害栽培技术措施,提高通95-74稻米的安全性和品质,提高粳稻通95-74稻米的商品附加值。     

吉林省评出首届优质稻品种

1995年1月，由吉林省农业厅、科委、财政厅联合组织的首届吉林省优质水稻品种鉴评会，评出4个品种(系)为首届吉林省优质水稻品种。这4个品种(系)及育成单位是：     

水稻优质高产新品种超产2号及其配套栽培技术

超产２号系吉林省农业科学院水稻研究所选育而成 ,２０００年通过吉林省品种审定委员会审定。该品种经过吉林省大面积试种示范 ,表现出优质、高产、适应性广等特点 ,被吉林省评为第二届优质米品种 ,为优质稻米开发和农业产业化经营提供了良好的品种条件 ,２０００年被农业部列为“跨越计划”项目。一、产量表现超产２号品种在品比试验中单产５４１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照品种吉引１２增产５３ｋｇ,增产１０．９% ;在区试中超产２号平均单产５８０．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照吉引１２增产４２．３ｋｇ,增产５% ;在公主岭市南崴子镇大面积…     

邵武发展绿色食品优质米要正确处理“五个关系”

发展优质稻是粮食流通体制改革的主要内容 ,绿色食品是二十一世纪食品发展方向。福建是缺粮省 ,邵武是福建的“粮仓” ,发展绿色食品优质米是邵武的一个特色 ,它既是市场经济发展的必然要求 ,更是邵武调整水稻种植品种结构 ,提高稻谷品质 ,抢占闽中南粮食销区优质米市场 ,增加农民收入 ,发展农村经济 ,保持农村稳定的内在要求。那么 ,邵武如何加快发展绿色食品优质米呢 ?笔者认为在发展过程中要始终注重处理好五个关系。这五个关系是 :量变与质变的关系 ;粮农与农业部门粮食部门的利益关系 ;时间与空间的关系 ;绿色食品优质米市场与粮食市场…     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。