优质杂交水稻玉香88在资兴作双季晚稻种植表现及栽培技术

杂交水稻组合玉香88在湖南省资兴市作双季晚稻种植,全生育期122 d,比金优207长3 d,单产6.18 t/hm^2,比金优207增产10.16%,米质较优,米饭适口性好,抗性好。介绍了玉香88在资兴作双季晚稻种植的栽培技术。     

籼型杂交早稻优I66的选育与应用

优Ｉ６６是中国水稻研究所用印水型不育系优ＩＡ与早籼恢复系６６配组选育而成的籼型杂交早稻新组合，该组合俱有产量高，抗稻瘟病，米质优，制种易获高产，适应性广等特点，适宜在长江以南各省和桂北、粤北、闽北作双季早稻种植。１９９７年３月通过江西省品种审定委员会审定。     

双季吨粮栽培中杂交晚稻生产的几个技术问题

1979年以来,我们通过连续几年的试验与示范表明,在湘东、湘中、湘南甚至湘北的部分地区,实现双季杂交稻亩产吨粮是完全可能的。1985年,全省九个示范基点的449.24亩双季杂交水稻,平均亩产达2151.5斤,每个点都过了吨粮,受到广大群众的普遍欢迎。因此,进一步发展杂交水稻已成为我省粮食增产的一项战略措施。但是,种植双季杂交水稻后,又出现了杂交晚稻产量赶不上杂交早稻的问题,如何提高杂交晚稻的产量,是当前吨粮开发研究中一个重要课题。 一、杂交组合(或品种)的搭配 目前,我省双季稻中作早稻栽培较为理想的组合(或品种)主要有威优35、威优49…     

东北杂交早粳稻在长江中游地区作双季早稻种植初步研究

对3个东北杂交早粳稻组合在长江中游地区（湖南）作双季早稻种植进行了初步研究,结果表明,东北杂交早粳稻表现结实率较高、外观品质和食味品质较佳等优点,同时表现出丰产性一般、生育期较长、整精米率低等不足。提出在南方籼稻区籼改粳中,应选择耐高温能力强、米质性状对温度钝感、易脱粒的杂交粳稻组合或利用米质性状对温度钝感的热带粳稻、美国稻资源对国内现有杂交粳稻组合加以改良。     

H优159

H优159由湖南农业大学、湖南省衡阳市农业科学研究所以H28A×R51059为亲本所选育的杂交水稻新品种。审定编号为国审稻2010026。1特征特性该品种属籼型三系杂交水稻。在长江中下游作双季晚稻种植,全生育期平均111.4 d,比对照金优207长0.4 d。株型适中,稃尖无色,有效穗数312万穗/hm2,株高100.0cm,穗长24.0 cm,每穗总粒数124.2粒,结实率82.2%,千粒重27.1g。     

籼型杂交早稻协优9279的选育与应用

协优９２７９是安徽省杂交早稻选育协作攻关组用协青早Ａ与恢复系Ｒ９２７９配组的籼型杂交早稻新组合。该组合具有熟期早、丰产稳产、米质较优、抗稻瘟性强等优点，适宜在安徽沿江双季稻区作早稻应用。１９９７年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定并定名为皖稻６５号。     

两系杂交稻株两优22特征特性与栽培技术

株两优22是籼型两系杂交水稻品种,2012年通过国家品种审定。在福鼎市作双季早稻种植,表现生育期适中、丰产性好、耐肥抗倒、抗病性较强等特点。总结了其在福鼎作双季早稻种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

灿型杂交早稻协优9279的选育与应用

协优９２７９是安徽省杂交早稻选育协作攻关组用摆青早Ａ为恢复系Ｒ９２７９配组的灿型杂交早稻新组合,该组合具有熟期早、丰产稳定、米质较优、护妥瘟性强等优点,适宜 安徽沿江双季稻区作早稻应用。１９９７年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定并定名为皖稻６８号。     

株两优2008在湘乡市的种植表现与高产栽培技术

2012—2013年两系迟熟杂交早稻株两优2008在湖南湘乡市示范种植,表现产量高,抗性好,生育期适中,适宜于湘乡市作双季早稻大面积推广。     

籼型杂交早稻优Ⅰ 66的选育与应用

优Ⅰ６６是中国水稻研究所用印水型不育系优ⅠＡ与早籼恢复系６６配组选育而成的籼型杂交早稻新组合。该组合具有产量高、抗稻瘟病、米质优、制种易获高产、适应性广等特点，适宜在长江以南各省和桂北、粤北、闽北作双季早稻种植。１９９７年３月通过江西省品种审定委员会审定     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.