荻植株再生体系建立

以成熟种子为外植体建立了荻植株再生体系。荻成熟种子经20%"84"消毒液处理20 min,接种于MS+4%蔗糖(pH 5.5)培养基中培养5 d,萌发率为92%,褐化率为8%,污染率为0。萌发种子继代转入愈伤诱导培养基MS+1mg/l 6-BA+1mg/l 2,4-D+0.5mg/l NAA+4%蔗糖(pH 5.5),光照条件下愈伤组织诱导率为86%,黑暗条件下愈伤组织诱导率64%。荻愈伤组织在MS+1mg/L 6-BA+0.1mg/L2,4-D+0.5mg/L NAA+4%蔗糖(pH 5.5)进行不定芽诱导,不定芽发生率为91%。无根丛生芽继代转入不定根诱导培养1/2MS+0.25mg/L IBA+0.25mg/L NAA+4%蔗糖(pH 5.5),5天可见不定根形成,15天后不定根发生率为92%。研究还发现,荻种子萌发后可直接继代转入不定芽分化培养基形成健壮不定芽,不定芽诱导率为95%。     

百合愈伤组织的诱导及瞬时表达的研究

以百合品种‘罗宾娜’(Robina)鳞片、花丝和花梗分化的不定芽为试材,诱导愈伤组织,并通过固体、液体和经过液体预培养后在固体上培养的方式继代增殖.结果表明:分化的不定芽在萘乙酸(NAA)0.5 mg/L的培养基上愈伤组织的诱导率最高；从芽基部形成的愈伤组织以经过液体预培养后在固体上培养的方式继代,繁殖速率最大,再生率为100％.使用农杆菌介导转化pCAMBIAl301质粒后,3种不同方式培养的愈伤组织的GUS瞬时表达效率差异并不显著.     

桂花子叶切块培养再生苗的研究

以桂花品种大花金桂(Osmanthus fragrans‘Dahuajingui’)的子叶切块为外植体,研究了不同激素水平对桂花子叶切块愈伤组织诱导、芽分化和试管苗生根的影响。结果表明:诱导出的愈伤组织在分化培养基(1/2MS+0.5mg/L TDZ+0.1mg/L NAA)上继代培养9次后分化不定芽,不定芽分化率为22.86%,平均再生苗数为3.22,继代培养10次后,不定芽分化率高达36%。进行生根试验,确定桂花最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+0.5mg/L IBA+2.0mg/L NAA,生根率达到70%。     

白羊草成熟种子组织培养再生体系研究

以白羊草成熟种子为外植体,采用组织培养的方法,研究不同种子处理方法对愈伤组织诱导差异的影响。结果表明:手工剥去外稃为较好的处理方式,在愈伤组织诱导阶段,以MSB+2,4-D 2.0mg/L和MSB+2,4-D 2.0mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L诱导效果较好,愈伤诱导率达到70%和75%,经继代后,分化率明显提高。     

辣椒花药培养影响因素的研究

以6种基因型辣椒的花蕾为材料,比较了不同基因型辣椒花蕾的消毒效果,辣椒基因型及花药接种量对花药培养的影响。研究结果表明,本试验的消毒方法获得了较好的消毒效果,3个基因型材料均未受污染,其他最高的污染率为23.08%;50%的基因型能诱导出胚状体,出胚率1.18%～1.38%,小果型的辣椒不能诱导出胚状体;所有基因型均能诱导出愈伤组织,出愈率17.65%～69.44%;花药接种量对花药愈伤组织诱导有影响,增大接种量,出愈率上升0.77%～13.67%,但对胚状体诱导影响不明显;在愈伤组织的继代培养中,接种量对其生长的影响因基因型不同而不同,所有基因型的愈伤组织在第一次继代培养中均不能分化出胚状体或不定芽。     

花魔芋根状茎组培配方优化研究

以花魔芋根状茎为外植体材料,比较不同激素浓度配比对其愈伤组织、不定芽分化以及生根的影响,以期筛选出最佳的培养基配方。结果表明:诱导花魔芋根状茎愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基配方为MS+1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,诱导率高达90.0%,增重倍数为4.3;诱导不定芽分化的最佳培养基配方为MS+2.0 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA,分化率高达86.7%,增殖系数为2.5;诱导不定芽生根培养基配方为1/2 MS+1 mg/L NAA,生根率为80.0%,平均生根数为21条。通过以上研究,4个月可生产出优质的魔芋组培苗。     

甜叶菊组织培养研究进展

从无菌繁殖体系、培养基和培养条件的选择、愈伤组织的诱导与分化、芽分化和继代增殖培养、生根培养及组培苗的移栽等方面综述了甜叶菊组织培养方面的研究。并提出了甜叶菊组织培养的研究方向。     

普通狗牙根种子组培技术优化及植株再生

以普通狗牙根的成熟种子作外植体,通过胚性愈伤组织的发生进行植株再生。结果表明:诱导狗牙根种子产生愈伤组织的最佳培养基为:MS+2,4-D 3 mg/L+壳聚糖4 g/L;暗培养优于光培养,最高出愈率为87.0%;所诱导愈伤组织在1/2原激素浓度下继代,以MS+6-BA0.1 mg/L为分化培养基,获得了再生植株;半透明粘稠状愈伤组织的分化率最高,为63.1%。     

防风愈伤组织培养研究

以防风为试材,研究不同外植体、激素组合对愈伤组织诱导及不定芽分化的影响。结果表明:茎段是防风组织培养较为合适的外植体。茎段在添加2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率最高可达100%,叶片在添加2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L的MS培养基上愈伤组织诱导率可达75%;继代后的愈伤组织转到6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L的MS分化培养基上进行分化,其分化率达72%。     

结缕草种子愈伤组织诱导及植株再生研究

以结缕草成熟种子为外植体,研究了不同的种子处理方法和基本培养基、生长调节剂与壳聚糖的添加量对愈伤组织诱导的影响,以及愈伤组织的继代次数对植株分化的影响。结果表明:剥去外壳、划破种皮的结缕草种子在N6培养基中,2,4-D浓度为4 mg/L,添加4 g/L壳聚糖时,出愈率最高,达到100%,胚性愈伤的发生率也达到最高,为84.4%;用含0.1 mg/L 2,4-D的1/2MS分化培养基,经1次继代的浅黄色稍致密愈伤组织分化率最高,达到81.7%。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

Influence of Sini decoction on the proliferation and apoptosis of artery smooth muscle cells after balloon injury

AIM: To investigate the influence of Sini decoction (SND) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rabbit abdominal aorta smooth muscle cells after ballon injury and discuss the effect of vascular smooth muscle cell's (VSMCs) proliferation and apoptosis in post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) restenosis (RS) and the feasibility of SND preventing post-PCI RS. METHODS: The animal model of rabbit abdominal aorta ballon injury was set up and the therapertic group was treated with SND. The shape of proliferative and apoptotic cell were investigated by electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed using α-actin,PCNA and Cyclin E monoclonal antibodies. In situ Cell Death Detection Kit was used to identify apoptotic cells. Abdomial aorta angiography was operated in the 84th day subgroup and the stenosis degree was evalued by quantitative angiographic analysis. RESULTS: As compared with the control group, the therapeutic group displayed a lower proliferative percentage and a higher apoptosic percentage (P<0.05). Moreover, the apoptosic peek time was on the 14th day after operation,which was longer than the control group. CONCLUSION: SND effectly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs and iuduced apoptosis in VSMCs.