"让"得适度,"引"得充分 ——以中职校汽车实训体验式教学为例

中职校汽车实训体验式教学是实践教学的重要组成部分,应加强创新意识、创新思维、创新能力的培养,达成理论教学与实践教学的高度融合.文章分析了汽车体验实训的现状,以汽车项目体验为载体,提出了汽车体验实训的人本化教改思路:以汽车体验项目为抓手,构建汽车体验式教学的"让学引思"模式.     

汽车检测与维修技术专业实训教学现存问题与对策建议

汽车检测与维修技术专业实训教学对学校培养专业人才十分重要,教学的质量直接影响学生的实用技能,因此,要加强实训教学,激发学生学习兴趣,提高学生的综合素质,实现知识与实践之间的零距离.文章主要阐述汽车检测与维修专业实训教学中现存的问题,及合理的对策建议.     

“互联网+”实训教学模式研究——以S校综合实训为例

“互联网+”实训教学的融合打破了传统的实训教学模式,将促进实训教学的优化升级,为适应高校教育科技化要求,在增加实训教学比例的基础上,实训教学还需要融合“互联网+”,把实训教学与互联网平台相结合。文章以S校专业综合实训教学为例,总结传统实训教学中存在的实训教学软件资源受限,实训条件不足,实训项目系统性不强,实训教学传统,形式不够灵活等问题,分析了S校综合实训采用的“互联网+”实训教学模式四阶段教学流程：教师课前准备阶段,学生课前自学阶段,教师线下答疑强化阶段,学生课后测验巩固阶段。并从教师、互联网平台、学生三个方面探索进一步完善“互联网+”实训教学模式的对策。     

高职畜牧兽医专业实训课程和实训教学方法改革与探索

实训教学是高职教学中最为重要的环节，是人才培养的重要途径。高职畜牧兽医专业实训教学应重点把握实训课程的设置和实训教学方法的改革。总结了高职畜牧兽医专业实训课程设计的理念与思路，以及所采用的行之有效的实训教学方法。     

关于提高医学专业实训课教学质量的研究

实训教学是医学教学的重要组成部分,是理论知识与临床实践之间的桥梁纽带.重视实训教学并进行不断改革,使实训课既有利于学生对医学基础理论知识的复习巩固,又能使学生掌握规范的操作技能,为进入临床实习打下坚实的基础.     

基于现代学徒制的高职实训教学体系探索与实践

实训教学是高职教育的重要环节和核心项目。笔者分析了高职在实训教学中存在的主要问题,提出以建设现代职教体系为契机,基于现代学徒制的实训教学改革措施,形成校企合作现代学徒制实训教学实施方案,重构"课、岗、证、赛融通"的实训教学课程体系,建立"双导师"的师资培养机制,健全"多元参与"的考核评价体系,对于切实提高实训教学质量,促进高职教育高质量、内涵式发展提供参考与借鉴。     

C程序设计实训课程的教学研究与实践

实训课程作为实践教学的重要内容,是人才培养过程中的一个重要环节,对社会的发展和进步起到了非常重要的作用,为社会输送了大量人才,但是实训教学中仍存在很多问题.本文主要从教学内容、教学方法、考核方式三个方面进行探讨.     

应用型本科兽医传染病学实验实训课程教学设计

应用型本科兽医传染病学实验实训课程是兽医传染病学课程教学的重要组成部分,是动物医学专业的主要实践环节之一.该文就应用型本科兽医传染病学实验实训课程教学设计的理念与依据、内容选取、组织与实施、考核进行研究与探索,并在2013级、2014级、2015级动物医学本科生中应用,取得较好的效果.     

基于“知—研—行”教学方式的ERP沙盘模拟实训教学研究

"知—研—行"教学方式是一种创新型教学方式,基于"知—研—行"教学方式的企业资源计划(ERP)沙盘模拟实训教学就是结合实训课程,融合理论与实践于一体、集角色扮演与岗位体验于一身的设计思路,强化学习者的管理知识、训练管理技能,使学习者在参与、体验中完成了从知识到技能的转化,全面提升学生的管理能力。笔者阐述了ERP沙盘模拟实训课程的含义及实践教学意义、ERP沙盘模拟实训课程实践教学存在的问题,选择"知—研—行"教学方式开展实训教学,探讨ERP沙盘模拟实训课程实践教学的意义和多种基于"知—研—行"的ERP沙盘模拟实训课程模拟实训方式,对提高ERP沙盘模拟实训课程质量具有重要作用。     

项目教学法在计算机实训课程中的应用

各个高校的计算机专业纷纷开设了实训课程,为了达到实训课程的教学目标,本文将项目教学法引入到计算机实训课的教学中。本文介绍了项目教学法的基本理论,并将其与传统教学法进行了对比,并以程序设计实训课程为例介绍了项目教学法的实施过程。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.