几种药剂防治烟粉虱的田间药效试验

防治烟粉虱田间药效试验表明,以5%锐劲特悬浮剂1500倍液为最佳,可作为首选药剂。1%菜健乳油2000倍液、25%阿克泰水分散粒剂5000倍液和99%绿颖乳油150倍液的总体防效与锐劲特接近,差异未达显著水平,可与锐劲特交替使用,以延缓抗性产生。     

几种重要药剂对烟粉虱的毒力测定

研究结果表明,5种药剂对烟粉虱成虫的毒力排序为：吡虫啉〉阿维菌素〉敌敌畏〉乐果〉扑虱灵;扑虱灵、乐果和吡虫啉对烟粉虱卵均有一定的杀灭作用;3d时5种药剂对烟粉虱1～2龄和3～4龄若虫的毒力排序分别为阿维菌素〉吡虫啉〉乐果〉扑虱灵〉敌敌畏和阿维菌素〉吡虫啉〉敌敌畏〉扑虱灵〉乐果。     

几种药剂防治黄瓜田烟粉虱药效试验初报

于2011年选用目前生产中防治飞虱类常用的一些药剂,在如皋市雪岸镇黄瓜田进行了药效对比试验。结果表明,本试验中选用的几种药剂防治黄瓜田烟粉虱效果均不理想,相对而言,以灭多威较好,药后1d、5d防效分别为53.73%、65.89%,其次是甲维盐,飞虱宝防治效果相对较差,药后1d、5d效果分别为22.88%、41.62%。各处理防治烟粉虱效果均表现为药5d效果稍好于药后1d,提高了10～20个百分点。     

防治蔬菜烟粉虱药剂

烟粉虱几乎可以危害所有蔬菜，以甘蓝、花椰菜、番茄、茄子、西葫芦、黄瓜、甜瓜及豆类等蔬菜受害最重。烟粉虱对蔬菜等寄主作物的危害主要表现在3个方面：一是以成虫或若虫群集在蔬菜叶背吸食汁液，     

几种药剂对棉田烟粉虱的毒力及田间药效

比较测定了6种杀虫剂对烟粉虱的毒力以及田间药效。毒力试验研究结果表明：6种药剂对烟粉虱成虫的毒力排序为：70%艾美乐水分散粒剂〉5%氟虫氰悬浮剂〉25%阿克泰水分散粒剂〉5%啶虫脒可溶性粉剂〉10%吡虫啉粉剂〉5%云菊乳剂,6种药剂对烟粉虱成虫均有一定的杀灭作用,70%艾美乐水分散粒剂0.000 184 mg/L对烟粉虱的成虫表现有最高毒力;6种药剂对烟粉虱3-4龄若虫的毒力排序分别为：25%阿克泰水分散粒剂〉70%艾美乐水分散粒剂〉5%啶虫脒可溶性粉剂〉5%氟虫氰悬浮剂〉10%吡虫啉粉剂〉5%云菊乳剂,阿克泰对烟粉虱的3-4龄若虫有最高毒力。总体来看,70%艾美乐水分散粒剂无论是对烟粉虱成虫还是3-4龄若虫均具有较高毒力。田间药剂试验结果表明：70%艾美乐水分散粒剂、10%吡虫啉粉剂、5%氟虫氰悬浮剂在施药后第1天的时候效果最好,均超过80%;5%云菊乳剂的持效期最长。     

烟粉虱防治药剂筛选试验

为了筛选安全、高效、低毒的防治药剂,进行不同杀虫剂防治烟粉虱药剂筛选试验,试验结果表明丫丫（10％高渗烟碱水剂）1500倍防治效果较好。     

8种药剂对甘蓝烟粉虱的田间防治效果比较试验

为筛选出防治甘蓝烟粉虱的高效药剂,特进行了8种药剂对甘蓝烟粉虱的田间防效比较试验。结果表明,在8种供试药剂中,以20%呋虫胺SG对甘蓝烟粉虱的田间防治效果最好,且持效性好,施药后12d、19 d的防效分别为80.6%、71.0%;22%螺虫·噻虫啉SC对甘蓝烟粉虱的田间防治效果次之,施药后12d、19 d的防效分别为71.8%、68.6%。在甘蓝生产上可选用这两种药剂与其他作用机理的药剂合理轮换使用,以降低甘蓝烟粉虱产生抗药性的风险,延长药剂使用寿命。     

几种药剂防治棉田烟粉虱田间药效试验

一、材料和方法 (一)供试药剂.20%吡虫啉SL(南京红太阳集团生产);48%毒死蜱EC(江苏通州正大农药厂生产);25%打胜EC(江苏灶星农化有限公司生产);25%硫氰EC(江苏丰山集团有限公司生产);10%千红WP(盐城双宁农化有限公司生产);21%山瑞(锐劲特十三唑磷)EC(浙江新农化工有限公司生产).     

5种药剂对烟粉虱的室内毒力及田间防效

研究了5种药剂对烟粉虱的毒力及防治效果.室内毒力测定结果表明,2％阿维菌素乳油、10％烯啶虫胺水剂、20％丁硫克百威乳油、20％啶虫脒可溶性粉剂、4％阿维·啶虫脒乳油对烟粉虱若虫毒力的L5C50(有效成分)分别为0.472 6、22.221 6、49.937 3、9.322 5、8.637 4mg/L,毒力顺序为2％阿维菌素乳油＞4％阿维·啶虫脒乳油＞20％啶虫脒可溶性粉剂＞10％烯啶虫胺水剂＞20％丁硫克百威乳油.田间药效试验结果表明,2％阿维菌素乳油、10％烯啶虫胺水剂、20％丁硫克百威乳油对烟粉虱成虫具有较好的防效,20％啶虫脒可溶性粉剂、4％阿维·啶虫脒乳油对烟粉虱成虫防效一般.     

5种杀虫剂对烟粉虱的田间防治效果评价

测定了10%烯啶虫胺水剂、25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂、3%阿维菌素乳油、48%毒死蜱乳油和25 g/L溴氰菊酯乳油5种杀虫剂对烟粉虱的田间防治效果。结果表明:10%烯啶虫胺水剂675 mL/hm2、25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂450 g/hm2以及3%阿维菌素乳油300、450 mL/hm24个处理防治烟粉虱均具有良好的速效性和持效性,且对黄瓜安全,建议在生产上推广应用。     

CYP6CM1基因RNA干扰载体的构建及转基因烟草对烟粉虱抗药性的影响

烟粉虱的抗药性与体内细胞色素P450单加氧酶基因的过量表达有关。根据Q型烟粉虱一个P450基因(CYP6CM1基因)的特异区域构建RNAi载体,通过农杆菌介导法转化烟草,PCR检测获得6个独立转基因株系;以非转基因烟草和T1代转基因烟草饲喂烟粉虱5 d后,荧光定量PCR结果显示取食转基因烟草的烟粉虱体内CYP6CM1基因相对表达量仅为取食非转基因烟草烟粉虱的13%～27%,表明CYP6CM1基因RNAi表达框架可以干扰烟粉虱CYP6CM1基因的表达。     

First report of field resistance to cyantraniliprole,a new anthranilic diamide insecticide,on Bemisia tabaci MED in China

The Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) cryptic species complex comprises important insect pests that cause devastating damage to agricultural crops worldwide. In China, the B. tabaci Mediterranean (MED) (or biotype Q) species is threatening agricultural production all over the country as resistance to commonly used insecticides has increased. This situation highlights the need for alternative pest control measures. Cyantraniliprole, a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide, has been widely employed to control Hemipteran pests. To monitor the levels of resistance to cyantraniliprole in B. tabaci field populations in China, bioassays were conducted for 18 field samples from nine provinces over two years. Compared with median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) for the MED susceptible strain, all field samples had significantly higher resistance to cyantraniliprole. Furthermore, resistance factors (RFs) increased significantly in samples from Shanxi (from 5.62 in 2015 to 25.81 in 2016), Hunan (3.30 in 2015 to 20.97 in 2016) and Hubei (from 9.81 in 2015 to 23.91 in 2016) provinces. This study indicates a considerable decrease in the efficacy of cyantraniliprole against B. tabaci and establishes a baseline of susceptibility that could serve as a reference for future monitoring and management of B. tabaci resistance to cyantraniliprole.     

烟粉虱成虫对烟碱类杀虫剂抗性的生物测定方法

采用浸叶法和内吸法测得的烟粉虱成虫对吡虫啉、啶虫脒和噻虫嗪的抗性比值分别为1.22、3.28、2.49和1.37、4.27、3.26,2种方法测定的结果基本一致.浸叶法测定结果表明,吡虫啉对自然混合日龄与饲养的不同日龄成虫的LC50之间无显著差异.此外,分别以棉花叶和茄子叶作为试验材料测定烟粉虱对吡虫啉的抗性,测定结果也是基本一致的.因此,认为可以采用与田间实际用药情况相接近的成虫浸叶法进行烟粉虱对烟碱类杀虫剂的抗药性监测,而且可采用自然混合日龄成虫代替饲养的相同日龄成虫直接进行生物测定,棉花叶和茄子叶均可作为抗药性生物测定的试验材料.     

Genetics and fitness costs of resistance to flupyradifurone in Bemisia tabaci from China

Flupyradifurone is a promising new insecticide used for controlling Bemisia tabaci during vegetable production.In this study,we assessed the fitness costs and mode of inheritance associated with resistance to flupyradifurone in B.tabaci by comparing the susceptible strain(MED-S) to one field-evolved flupyradifurone-resistant strain(WH-R,with 199-fold resistance) and one laboratory-selected flupyradifurone-resistant strain(FLU-SEL,with 124-fold resistance).Progenies of reciprocal crosses between ...     

Characterization of field-evolved resistance to cyantraniliprole in Bemisia tabaci MED from China

Cyantraniliprole is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide with significant efficacy against Bemisia tabaci, an important pest insect worldwide. In this study, we conducted reversion and selection work and genetic analysis, and determined cross-resistance spectrum and synergism of cyantraniliprole resistance based on the reported population, SX population, of B. tabaci collected from Shanxi Province, China. Compared with a susceptible strain (MED-S), SX population, the field-evolved cyantraniliprole-resistant population exhibited 26.4-fold higher resistance to cyantraniliprole. In SX, a sharp decline of cyantraniliprole resistance was shown in the absence of selection. Another tested strain, SX-R, was established from SX population after successive selection with cyantraniliprole and recently developed 138.4-fold high resistance to cyantraniliprole. SX-R had no cross-resistance to abamectin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, sulfoxaflor, or bifenthrin. Genetic analysis illustrated that cyantraniliprole resistance in SX-R was autosomally inherited and incompletely dominant. Additionally, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly inhibited cyantraniliprole resistance in the SX-R strain. In conclusion, the selection of SX with cyantraniliprole led to high resistance to cyantraniliprole which is incompletely dominant and no cross-resistance to several common types of insecticides. Enhanced oxidative metabolism is possibly involved in the resistance of SX-R, yet target-site resistance could not be excluded.     

烟粉虱的发生与防治措施

本文概述了我国烟粉虱的生物型、来源;生物学特性及其综合防治措施。     

黄板诱杀及其对烟粉虱种群的影响

对黄瓜大田内黄板诱杀烟粉虱成虫的最佳方法及对烟粉虱种群数量的控制作用进行了研究,结果表明：烟粉虱对黄板具有强烈的正趋性。对寄主黄瓜上的烟粉虱成虫进行黄板诱杀时,最好是将黄板垂直悬挂于黄瓜行间,黄板高度基本上保持与植株顶端相平。黄板对黄瓜田其他昆虫如有翅瓜蚜、瓜蓟马、弹跳虫、蚊、斑潜蝇等也有显著的诱杀作用。烟粉虱种群趋势指数,黄板诱杀区为3．5198,对照区为8．6300;黄板诱杀干扰作用控制指数达到0．4079,与对照区相比,黄板诱杀对烟粉虱种群的控制效果可以达到59．21％;黄板诱杀区天敌的排除作用控制指数为6．7917,对照区为6.1617。     

5种杀虫剂对B型烟粉虱的毒力测定

采用浸叶法分别测定了苦参碱、阿维菌素、氯氰菊酯、灭多威和吡虫啉对B型烟粉虱不同虫态的毒力.结果表明:苦参碱对烟粉虱卵的毒力最高,LC50为0.802 mg.L-1,其毒力是吡虫啉的323.8倍;阿维菌素、苦参碱和吡虫啉对1龄和3龄若虫的毒力均较高,但对1龄若虫的毒力高于3龄若虫;阿维菌素和苦参碱对成虫的毒力较高,分别是吡虫啉的111.6和77.4倍;而灭多威和氯氰菊酯对烟粉虱各虫态均表现出较低的毒力.     

不同类型药剂对B型烟粉虱的毒力作用评价

采用浸叶法,在室内测定了9种药剂对B型烟粉虱不同虫态的毒力大小,结果表明,9种药剂对烟粉虱成虫的毒力大小依次为:阿维菌素＞啶虫脒＞印楝素＞苦内酯＞吡虫啉＞毒死蜱＞功夫＞鱼藤酮,噻嗪酮对成虫无毒杀作用;对烟粉虱低龄和高龄若虫的毒力大小依次为:阿维菌素＞啶虫脒＞苦内酯＞印楝素＞吡虫啉＞鱼藤酮＞噻嗪酮＞功夫＞毒死蜱和阿维菌素＞苦内酯＞啶虫脒＞印楝素＞吡虫啉＞鱼藤酮＞噻嗪酮＞毒死蜱＞功夫;9种药剂对烟粉虱卵都没有表现出明显的毒杀作用.此外,B型烟粉虱成虫接触经印楝素处理的甘蓝叶片后,在未经印楝素处理的叶片上产卵量显著下降,所产卵的孵化率显著降低.