日粮中添加二氢吡啶对种公牛精液品质的影响

在种公牛日粮中添加二氢吡啶,饲喂量按每千克体重５计算。试验结果表明,试验组精子的活力、呼吸、３２ｐｉ摄入量、顶体完整率极显著地高于对照组（Ｐ＜００１）,而精子的畸形率极显著地低于对照组（Ｐ＜００１）,说明二氢吡啶可以提高精细胞质膜的完整性,促进精子的代谢和能量转化过程,从而改善了种公牛的精液品质。     

氦氖激光提高绵羊精子活力机制的研究

以不同剂量的氦氖激光辐射绵羊精液,发现低剂量的激光可以提高精子的活力、呼吸、果糖分解和钙的摄入;而高剂量的激光对精子的呼吸有显著影响。从而,探讨了激光提高精子活力的机制。     

马氏珠母贝激光育苗的生物学机理

对马氏珠母贝激光育苗的机理进行研究，结果表明；激光能加强精子活力，提高精液品质，影响卵子的通透性；抑制水中的细菌生长，使受精卵发育成健壮的胚胎，幼虫，幼苗。     

浙江太湖稻区稻瘟病菌流行小种及群体毒性分析

１９９１￣１９９３年从浙江太湖稻区采集、分离４０６个水稻稻瘟病菌单孢菌株，鉴定出７群１５个小种，其中中Ａ４９、中Ｄ１、中Ｄ３、中Ｅ１、中Ｅ３及中Ｇ１为主要流行小种。供试稻瘟病菌对Ｐｉ－ｋ＾ｓ、Ｐｉ－ａ、Ｐｉ－ｋ＾ｍ、Ｐｉ－ｔａ、Ｐｉ－ｔａ＾２及Ｐｉ－ｔ等８个抗病基因具有较强的毒性，毒性菌株广泛分布于各县（市）。Ｐｉ－ｉ、Ｐｉ－ｋ＾ｐ、Ｐｉ－ｋ＾ｈ、Ｐｉ－ｚ＾ｔ及Ｐｉ－ｂ等５个抗病基因对多数菌株仍显     

日本水稻抗瘟基因对宁夏稻瘟病菌的抗性研究

利用１９９４￣１９９５年１０４个存活单孢分离物对日本１２个单基因鉴别品种进行人工接种，测定结果表明：供试宁夏稻瘟病菌菌株对１２个抗瘟基因均有不同程度侵染。其中对Ｐｉ－Ｋ＾ｓ、Ｐｉ－ａ两基因的致病率最高，故这两个基因对本区稻瘟病菌生理小种基本不具抗性，而对Ｐｉ－Ｚ＾ｔ基因的致病率最低，因此Ｐｉ－Ｚ＾ｔ基因可作为今后抗瘟育种的抗源基因。     

H－Y抗血清的制备、检测与应用

要用纯系（ＢＡＬＢ／ｅ）雄性小鼠制备Ｈ－Ｙ抗原对雌性大鼠进行免疫，可获得特异性的Ｈ－Ｙ抗体。经初步检测，Ｈ－Ｙ抗血清的效价为１：３２。用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测结果为阳性反应，抗血清与鼠精子有特异性抑制的凝集作用，凝集反应的程度随抗血清的稀释而降低，对牛的Ｙ精子也有特异性抑制，经抗血情感作过的牛精子荧光反应消失。曾两次用Ｈ－Ｙ抗血清感作过的牛精液对母牛进行体外输精，试验结果雌性比率分别达到８１．８０％和８０％。     

云南粳稻品种毫变—1和扎缅尼—1抗稻瘟病基因分析

利用１１个具有已知抗病基因的鉴别品种和２个日本代表菌系，对云南粳稻品种毫变－１和扎缅尼－１进行了抗稻瘟病基因分析。研究结果表明，这２个品种各具有１对新的抗病基因，等位性测定结果确认这２对新基因具有等位关系，而与Ｐｉ－ｉ，Ｐｉ－ｋ，Ｐｉ－ｚ，Ｐｉ－ｔａ，Ｐｉ－ｂ和Ｐｉ－ｔ等６个已知基因位点为非等位关系。     

深度氟中毒家蚕幼虫中肠吸收磷的研究

与健康的５龄家蚕幼虫不同，添食Ｐｉ的深度氟中毒家蚕幼虫的血淋巴和中肠内的总Ｐｉ，无机＋易变Ｐｉ，酸溶性磷和类脂磷的浓度不随时间改变而变化．这可能是高氟饲料阻碍中肠对Ｐｉ吸收和传输的结果     

深度氟中毒家蚕幼虫中肠吸收磷的研究

与健康的５龄家蚕幼虫不同，添食Ｐｉ的深度氟中毒家蚕幼虫的血淋巴和中肠内的总Ｐｉ，无机＋易变Ｐｉ，酸溶性磷和类脂磷的浓度不随时间改变而变化。这可能是高氟饲料阻碍中肠对Ｐｉ吸收和传输的结果。     

H—Y抗血清的制备,检测与应用

用纯系（ＢＡＬＢ／ｅ）雄性小鼠制备Ｈ－Ｙ抗原对雌性大鼠进行免疫，可获得特异性的Ｈ－Ｙ抗体。经初步检测，Ｈ－Ｙ抗血清的效价为１：３２。用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测结果为阳性反应，抗血清与鼠精子有特异性抑制的凝集作用，凝集反应的程度随抗血清的稀释而降低，对牛的Ｙ精子也有特性抑制，经抗血清感作过的年精子荧光反应消失。曾两次用Ｈ－Ｙ抗血清感作过的牛精液对母牛进行体外界输精。试验结果雌性比率分别达到８１．８０％和８０５     

A quantum laser pointer

The measurement sensitivity of the pointing direction of a laser beam is ultimately limited by the quantum nature of light. To reduce this limit, we have experimentally produced a quantum laser pointer, a beam of light whose direction is measured with a precision greater than that possible for a usual laser beam. The laser pointer is generated by combining three different beams in three orthogonal transverse modes, two of them in a squeezed-vacuum state and one in an intense coherent field. The result provides a demonstration of multichannel spatial squeezing, along with its application to the improvement of beam positioning sensitivity and, more generally, to imaging.     

Monitoring the number and size of pests based on modulated infrared beam sensing technology

In order to identify the number and size of pests, a sensor based on modulated infrared sensing technology with narrow-line laser beam was developed. A mathematical model between the light current change and time was established when a pest passed through the sensor. This model indicated that the factors that influence light current change not only involved the pest dimensions but also other dimensions, such as the width of narrow-line laser beam and the height between the taper collecting mouth and the narrow-line laser beam. Therefore, information on pest numbers and dimensions, obtained from similar sensors in previous literature was inaccurate. However, quantitative analysis of the model showed that the external dimensions could be neglected if an appropriate width of the narrow-line laser beam was selected. Hence, it was set at 0.0005 m in this sensor. Experimental results indicated that the sensor could eliminate the influence of ambient light and had a good precision of pest counting and classifying, which were larger than 98 and 86.7% respectively.     

激光对香石竹愈伤组织生长和分化的影响

用一定剂量的激光处理香石竹愈伤组织能显著促进其生长和分化,其中用20 mw氦氖激光处理可使愈伤组织鲜重比对照增加170％,甩0.1w和1w氩离子激光处理可明显促进芽的分化。研究结果表明,引起上述结果的原因与光质无明显关系而与激光引起的某些特殊蛋白质的产生有关。     

Nonlinear Optics in Relativistic Plasmas and Laser Wake Field Acceleration of Electrons

When a terawatt-peak-power laser beam is focused into a gas jet, an electron plasma wave, driven by forward Raman scattering, is observed to accelerate a naturally collimated beam of electrons to relativistic energies (up to 10(9) total electrons, with an energy distribution maximizing at 2 megaelectron volts, a transverse emittance as low as 1 millimeter-milliradian, and a field gradient of up to 2 gigaelectron volts per centimeter). Electron acceleration and the appearance of high-frequency modulations in the transmitted light spectrum were both found to have sharp thresholds in laser power and plasma density. A hole in the center of the electron beam may indicate that plasma electrons were expelled radially.     

All-optical switching in rubidium vapor

We report on an all-optical switch that operates at low light levels. It consists of laser beams counterpropagating through a warm rubidium vapor that induce an off-axis optical pattern. A switching laser beam causes this pattern to rotate even when the power in the switching beam is much lower than the power in the pattern. The observed switching energy density is very low, suggesting that the switch might operate at the single-photon level with system optimization. This approach opens the possibility of realizing a single-photon switch for quantum information networks and for improving transparent optical telecommunication networks.     

Sources of angle-dependent errors in terrestrial laser scanner-based crop stand measurement

In past years, research was conducted to investigate the potential of laser rangefinders and scanners for vehicle-based measuring of crop stand physical parameters. High coefficients of determination (R² > 0.90) were found between the crop biomass and the laser rangefinder and scanner readings in the form of the mean height of reflection points of the laser beam. It was observed that the height of the reflection point increased depending on the detecting angle of the laser beam in a considerable manner. This phenomenon indicates that farther crop plants generate higher reflection points, resulting in an overestimation of crop height respectively of crop biomass. In the face of these unsolved problems, the object of the paper was to investigate the measuring properties of a chosen laser scanner depending on the inclination angle and the scanning angle and to analyze the error sources for vehicle-based laser scanner measurements in crop stands. Therefore, the scanner was investigated in two test series (May 30, 2008 in winter wheat, and June 10, 2009 in winter rye) along a transect (tramline) with a length of approximately 700 m. The performed comparisons demonstrated that one part of the observed overestimation of the reflection point height can be explained theoretically by the geometry of the laser beam. The main part of overestimation was explained by the recognizability of the gap fraction in crop stands. Because no sufficient theoretical compensation algorithm for overestimation resulting from gaps exists, it must be concluded that for each specific laser rangefinder type and crop species, the overestimation depending on detection angles has to be investigated individually in field tests.     

Bright coherent ultrahigh harmonics in the keV x-ray regime from mid-infrared femtosecond lasers

High-harmonic generation (HHG) traditionally combines ~100 near-infrared laser photons to generate bright, phase-matched, extreme ultraviolet beams when the emission from many atoms adds constructively. Here, we show that by guiding a mid-infrared femtosecond laser in a high-pressure gas, ultrahigh harmonics can be generated, up to orders greater than 5000, that emerge as a bright supercontinuum that spans the entire electromagnetic spectrum from the ultraviolet to more than 1.6 kilo-electron volts, allowing, in principle, the generation of pulses as short as 2.5 attoseconds. The multiatmosphere gas pressures required for bright, phase-matched emission also support laser beam self-confinement, further enhancing the x-ray yield. Finally, the x-ray beam exhibits high spatial coherence, even though at high gas density the recolliding electrons responsible for HHG encounter other atoms during the emission process.     

2类典型偏振光束的非傍轴传输因子

运用傍轴矢量矩理论，对2类典型的偏振光束在非傍轴传输时的光束传输因子作了理论分析与数值计算，结果表明，在满足适当的条件时，光束传输因子可以小于1，并且当这2类偏振光束的二阶矩束腰相同且泪地0.54个波长时，存在相同的光束传输因子。该研究结果有助于加深对半导体激光束传输特性的认识，图3参9。     

带状电子束发散因素的分析

本文分析了带状电子束发散因素,从而有助于估算电子束流密度,为设计符合要求的、用于大功率二氧化碳激光器的电子枪提供了依据.     

Lasing droplets: highlighting the liquid-air interface by laser emission

When dye-doped ethanol droplets are irradiated with an intense pulsed laser beam, the resulting laser emission from individual droplets highlights the liquid-air interface. Photographs of the lasing droplets in the micrometer size range taken in a single 10-nanosecond laser pulse clearly show the dynamic changes in droplet size, shape, and orientation.