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为鉴定中棉所49棉籽仁中的植物甾醇组成,光籽经剥壳、粉碎、过筛、皂化、溶剂萃取并硅烷化衍生后,用HP-5MS柱分离,基于气相色谱-质谱平台,采用内标法进行半定量分析。结果表明:中棉所49棉籽仁中含有胆固醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、Δ5-燕麦甾醇、羽扇豆醇、Δ7-燕麦甾醇、24-亚甲基环木菠萝烷醇和高根二醇这9种植物甾醇。每100 g中棉所49棉籽仁中总甾醇含量为124.870 mg,其中β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇和Δ5-燕麦甾醇的含量较高,分别占甾醇总含量的79.669%、10.647%和4.238%;高根二醇是其特征成分。本研究为棉籽的综合利用和营养评价提供了技术和数据支持,也为鉴定高档食用油提供了新的方法。 相似文献
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采用制备型高效液相色谱法将菜籽油不皂化物分离为甾醇、4-甲基甾醇、三萜醇和烃四类。甾醇部分经乙酰化后,由气相色谱法分析,并采用硝酸银硅胶制备薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法进一步分离。分得的主要组分经薄层、气相色谱、溶点、红外光谱和质谱鉴定,并分离得到β-谷甾醇,菜油甾醇,菜籽甾醇和△5-燕麦甾醇等纯品。被认定的有24-亚甲基胆甾醇、豆甾醇、△7-豆甾烯醇和△7-燕麦甾醇。 相似文献
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大麻籽油不皂化物的分离与分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用薄板层析、气相色谱对大麻籽油中甾醇、4-甲基甾醇及三萜醇等不皂化物的成分进行了分离和分析。并用气相色谱-质谱联用确定了甾醇中的6种化合物。 相似文献
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芥菜籽油和亚麻仁油中脂肪酸和不皂化物成分的分析 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
采用高效液相色谱和气相色谱对芥菜籽油和亚麻仁油中的脂肪酸和甾醇、4—甲基甾醇、三萜醇等不皂化物成分进行了分离、鉴定和测定。 相似文献
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小麦麸皮中有一定量对人体健康有益的脂质成分,这些脂质可以作为优质植物原材料应用于食品或工业生产。为了解不同小麦品种麸皮的脂质组成,用乙酸乙酯萃取法提取脂质,并进行硅烷化衍生处理,建立气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法测定了5个小麦品种的麸皮脂质成分及含量。结果表明,从麸皮脂质中共鉴定出20种化合物,可归纳为游离脂肪酸、烷基间苯二酚(ARs)、甾醇(β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾烷醇)、单酰基甘油酯、甲基烷基间苯二酚和烷烃等六大类。ARs(相对含量31.8%~41.7%)和游离脂肪酸(相对含量24.0%~31.3%)在总脂质中占比较高,甾醇含量次之,其他化合物含量较少。ARs由侧链长度为17~25奇数链烷烃组成,二十一烷基间苯二酚含量(732.7~1 158.4 μg·g-1)显著高于ARs其他同系物(P<0.05)。不同小麦品种麸皮的脂质各组分含量不同,且品种之间存在显著差异,西农979和淮麦21中的ARs含量最高。 相似文献
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巴西橡胶树胶乳化学成分的GC-MS分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术,对巴西橡胶树胶乳氯仿、乙酸乙酯萃取物中的化学成分进行分析测定,结合计算机检索技术对其成分进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对百分含量。结果表明,氯仿萃取物中共鉴定出33个化学成分,占总量的78.90%。乙酸乙酯萃取物中共鉴定出46个化学成分,占总量的90.15%。其中,τ-杜松醇、(Z)-金合欢醇、角鲨烯、环阿屯醇、24-亚甲基环木菠萝醇等萜类化合物及γ-谷甾醇、β-豆甾醇、菜油甾醇、异岩藻甾醇等植物甾醇在橡胶生物合成途径甲羟戊酸途径中作为中间体或终产物。除24-亚甲基环木菠萝醇以外,几种萜类和甾醇都具有一定药用作用,尤其是角鲨烯,具有抗癌、抗氧化、预防心血管疾病等生理活性,目前已成为天然药物研究的热点。 相似文献
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α-亚麻酸甾醇酯检测技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
植物甾醇酯是一种新型功能性食品添加剂,具有良好亲脂性和降胆固醇效果。采用薄层色谱法、紫外分析法、红外分析法和气相色谱法相结合的方法对α-亚麻酸甾醇酯产品进行分析检测,为α-亚麻酸甾醇酯和甾醇的分离、定性和定量提供参考。 相似文献
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采用超声波法萃取番橄榄不同时期的果实和叶片挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱法对挥发油中各种化学成分进行分析和鉴定。共鉴定出48个化合物,其中37个成分为在该植物中首次报道。其果实挥发油主要成分有:1R-α-蒎烯,22,23-二氢豆甾醇,β-蒎烯,2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚),维生素E;叶片挥发油主要成分有:维生素E,22,23-二氢豆甾醇,1R-α-蒎烯,三十一烷,植醇,β-石竹烯。黄熟的果实中萃取的挥发油的总量明显高于青果,而不同时期的绿叶中萃取的挥发油总量则较为接近。 相似文献
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红花籽油中不皂化物成分的分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
红花籽油是一种优质食用植物油。采用高效液相色谱、气相色谱及气-质联用方法分离和测试红花籽油不皂化物成分,结果表明,红花籽油不皂化物主要成分为甾醇、三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇等。甾醇含量最高,占不皂化物总量的62.5%,三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇含量分别为13.9%和7.5%。甾醇由8种分组成,三萜醇和4-甲基甾醇均由4种成分组成。 相似文献
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Seeds of a Tunisian variety (Béjaoui) of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) were analysed for their main chemical composition and for their oil properties. Expressed on dry weight basis, seed moisture was 8.46%, whereas contents of proteins, fibre, ash, fat, and total sugars established at 33.92%, 3.97%, 21.97%, 31.57%, and 0.11% respectively. Gas chromatography revealed that the major fatty acids were oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids (44.11%, 34.77%, and 15.97% respectively). Seed oil was also found to be rich in tocopherols with a predominance of δ-tocopherol (42.27%). The sterol marker β-sisosterol accounted for 39.6% of total sterols contained in seed oil of this variety. Six phenolic acids (protocatechuic, caffeic, syringic, vanillic, p-coumaric and ferulic) were detected, the syringic acid being predominant (7.96 mg/100 g). As a whole, based on its seed oil features, pumpkin may be considered as a valuable source for new multi-purpose products for industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical utilisation. 相似文献
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Jazia Sriti Thierry TalouMamadou Faye Gerard VilaremBrahim Marzouk 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(3):659-664
The aim of this work was to optimise a single-screw extruder dedicated to coriander production and to investigate the effects of screw configuration, nozzle diameter and nozzle/screw distance. On the other hand, the coriander fruit was extracted using soxhlet methods, the results were compared with mechanical screw press methods.Maximum yield was obtained with single screw extruder for a configuration allowing the strongest oil expression (nozzle/screw distance: 3 mm, nozzle diameter: 9 mm).Comparing with mechanical press, the maximum yield was obtained by the soxhlet extraction with 21.25%.The effect of the operating parameters on oil quality was not important. In all the experiments tested, the oil quality was very good. The acid value was below 1.8 mg of KOH/g of oil and iodine values were tolerable (44 mg of iodine/100 g of oil).Nine fatty acids were identified, with petroselinic acid accounting for 74-77% of the total fatty acids, followed by linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids, accounting for 12-13%, 4-6% and 3%, respectively, of the total fatty acids.β-Sitosterol was the major sterol in all oils with 28% of total sterols of all oils. The next major sterols in all oils were stigmasterol (24-27% of total sterols) and Δ7-stigmasterol (14-18% of total sterols). 相似文献
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Studies were conducted on the properties of seeds and oil extracted from Maclura pomifera seeds. The following values (on a dry-weight basis) were obtained for M. pomifera seed, respectively: moisture 5.88%, ash 6.72%, oil 32.75% and the high protein content 33.89%. The carbohydrate content (20.76%) can be regarded as a source of energy for animals if included in their diets. The major nutrients (mg/100 g oil) were: potassium (421.65), calcium (218.56) and magnesium (185.00). The physicochemical properties of the oil include: the saponification number 174.57; the iodine value 141.43; the p-anisidine value 1.86; the peroxide value 2.33 meq O2/kg; the acid value 0.66; the carotenoid content 0.59 mg/100 g oil; the chlorophyll content 0.02 (mg/100 g oil) and the refractive index 1.45. Polymorphic changes were observed in thermal properties of M. pomifera seed oil. This showed absorbency in the UV-B and UV-C ranges with a potential for use as a broad spectrum UV protectant. The main fatty acids of the crude oil were linoleic (76.19%), oleic (13.87%), stearic (6.76%) and palmitic acid (2.40%). The polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) LLL, PLL, POL + SLL, OLL, OOL (L: linoleic acid, O: oleic, P: palmitic acid and S: stearic acid) acids were the major TAGs found in M. pomifera seed oil. A relatively high level of sterols making up 852.93 mg/100 g seed oil was present. The sterol marker, β-sitosterol, accounted for 81% of the total sterol content in the seed oil and is followed by campesterol (7.4%), stigmasterol (4.2%), lupeol (4.1%) and Δ5-avenesterol (3.2%). The seed oil was rich in tocopherols with the following composition (mg/100 g): α-tocopherol 18.92; γ-tocopherol 10.80; β-tocopherol 6.02 and δ-tocopherol 6.29. The results showed that M. pomifera seed oil could be used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food products. 相似文献
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本文研究了分离世代粒色与种子含油量、胚含油量、皮壳含油量及皮壳率间的简单相关和偏相关关系。简单相关分析表明,粒色与种子含油量,胚含油量及皮壳含油量间均呈显著负相关,与皮壳率间呈极显著正相关。在黄籽群体内,粒色与皮壳率间无相关,与种子含油量及胚含油量的相关趋于不显著,与皮壳含油量可能呈负相关。偏相关分析表明,粒色只与皮壳率和皮壳含油量偏相关显著,与种子含油量及胚含油量间的偏相关不明显。文中讨论了粒色与种子含油量呈显著简单相关的原因和高含油量育种策略。 相似文献
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该研究以人参籽为原料,采用超临界CO2流体技术萃取人参籽油,通过正交试验优化了萃取人参籽油工艺参数,再将其与通过冷榨法及溶剂法提取的人参籽油进行对比,测定和比较了不同工艺制取的人参籽油的脂肪酸组成。试验结果表明,在萃取压力26MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间2 h工艺条件下,人参籽油得率为16.2%。经检测,人参籽油脂肪酸组成为不饱和脂肪酸占99%以上,其中油酸含量极高,可达73.93%。通过不同制取方法所得到的人参籽油的脂肪酸组成分析表明,超临界CO2萃取法与溶剂萃取法所提取人参籽油的脂肪酸明显多于压榨法的脂肪酸成分;且超临界CO2萃取法具有无有机化学试剂残留的明显优势,因此,是未来人参籽油提取中可以应用的一种绿色环保的提取工艺和技术。 相似文献
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