台湾果桑在三峡库区的引种试验

将台湾大果桑、长果桑引入三峡库区进行栽培,通过对其生物学性状、产果性能及繁殖情况等调查,与目前主要果桑品种大十、红果二号相比较,台湾果桑适应性广、产果量高、桑果特点突出,在作为观光采摘桑园方面具有一定的优势。     

果用桑品种红果1号的选育初报

从实生桑选出优良单株定向培育和系统选择 ,育成果用桑品种红果 1号。试验结果表明 ,该品种具有果形大、产果量高、果实品质较优及抗逆性强等特点 ,是实现桑果规模化和商品化开发较为理想的果用型桑树新品种。     

果用桑品种DL—1的育成

桑果以其独特的色泽口感和丰富的营养价值深受消费者喜爱.云南有丰富的桑属(Morus)植物种质资源,桑属植物19个种及变种中云南有12个种的分布.从1990至2000年,云南省蚕桑研究所利用野生的长果桑(M.laevigata Wall.)、广东桑(M.atropurpurea Roxb.)、白桑(M.alba Linn.)、滇桑(M.yunnanensis Koidz.)等资源进行杂交育种选育产果专用桑品种,于1998年在单株选择中选出果形整齐、口感好、成熟整齐、叶型小、果实产量高的单株DL-1号,经近年的观察遗传性状稳定,是一个值得在水果产业上推广的新品种.本文介绍DL-1号的选育经过、生物学特性及性状、品质初分析、产果量对比、丰产栽培技术、开发前景探讨.     

广西果叶两用桑种质资源的初步评价与筛选

对广西保存的54份果叶两用桑种质资源进行了评价。种质资源的桑果性状调查米条总芽数、米条座果芽数、米条座果粒数、20粒果质量、果长径、果横径、公斤果粒数、单株产果量和成熟桑果糖分质量分数,产叶性能调查叶片大小、单叶质量、100cm2叶片质量和单株产叶量。初步筛选出一批桑果产量高、产果性能好,且叶片大、产叶量高的果叶两用桑种质资源。     

新疆桑椹色素分离及营养物质分析

新疆现有桑树资源约为1.5亿株,其中药桑、黑桑、白桑和粉桑类型均有良好的结果性能,解放前靠"半年桑果半年粮"生活,解放后桑果作为水果被人们食用至今.为了更深入地开发利用新疆桑果资源,提高蚕业的行业竞争力,我们在和田蚕桑科学研究所品种资源圃中,分别从各类型中选出有代表性的桑品种的桑果进行色素分离和营养成分的分析,现将结果报告如下.     

浅谈果桑“大十”的丰产丰收技术

果桑“大十”是果叶兼用的桑树品种，既可收获果实食用，又可收获桑叶养蚕。该品种产桑果果型大，无核，成熟后酸甜可口，营养丰富，并有极高的药用价值。现已作为第三代水果资源之一被开发利用，宜兴市部分农户也引进了果桑栽植，通过几年的栽培管理现已摸索到果桑“大十”的丰产丰收技术，供同仁作参考。     

不同桑品种养蚕比较试验

一、试验目的与设计优良桑品种必须具备高产、优质和抗病三个主要条件,为了提高单位面积产茧丝量,必须重视桑叶质量。即使在桑叶产量相同的情况下,优良的叶质能提高养蚕的茧丝产、质量。我区引进了若干桑品种,大多已试种6年以上,为了能因地制宜地推广良种,选用育2号、湖桑197和桐乡青三个桑品种作养蚕比较试验。其中育2号是江苏引进种,后     

人工三倍体桑品种丰田16号叶果经济性状的中试研究

以优质、高产、抗逆性强,果用性状好为引种育种目标,从引进品种中筛选出若干优良的叶果兼用桑品种,其中人工三倍体桑品种丰田16号的中试结果表明:与标准二倍体对照种荷叶白相比,全年单位桑园面积产叶量增加29.8%,桑叶养蚕的万头蚕茧层量提高6.5%,100kg桑产茧量提高8.1%;与三倍体叶果兼用桑品种大10相比,单位桑园面积产果量增加9.5%,产叶量提高24.7%,表现出三倍体桑叶片肥大,桑果大,生长旺盛,品质优,抗性强等优良特性,是一个叶果综合经济性状和抗逆性良好的高效桑品种。     

广西杂交桑桑果产量性状调查

为了充分发掘广西杂交桑的果叶资源,对种茧育用杂交桑园进行长果冬伐,调查杂交桑一代的长果性能,对桂桑优12和桂桑优62的单果重、百果重、单株产量等桑果产量性状进行考察。桑果产量性状上各项指标低于对照品种粤椹大10,达极显著差异,桂桑优62稍优于桂桑优12。结果表明,杂交桑桂桑优62、桂桑优12除全年用叶外,冬季留长枝长果开发桑果也是可行的;在未经过优良单株筛选、定向培育和系统选择等条件下,桂桑优12和桂桑优62在桑果产量及其多用途方面仍具有很大的潜力。     

新疆抗逆性桑品种的筛选试验

为了筛选适宜于新疆荒漠化治理种植的生态桑品种,对来自新疆野生资源中抗逆性较好的优良植株以及国内抗性较好的生态桑品种进行了水分、盐分胁迫试验。结果表明:10个新疆地方生态桑品种的抗旱、抗盐碱较好,相比国内其他生态桑品种其抗逆性差异达显著水平,说明这10个新疆地方品种可作为新疆抗逆性桑树种质资源材料进行利用。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.