龙芽葱木根段繁殖技术

本文介绍了龙芽葱木根段秋季采集、冬季贮藏的方法，并对春季栽培、田间管理技术进行了详细阐述。     

三倍体山杨根段育苗技术的研究

自１９９２年以来，我们用欧洲三倍体山杨嫁接苗产生的自生根及欧洲三倍体山杨原种根进行了根段育苗，培育出了具有生长快、材质好、抗生强、根系发达的种苗。     

良种刺槐根段扦插繁育技术

2000年春季,我们从河南、山东、北京等地引进经审定的刺槐Rjobinia Pseudoacaia Linn良种13个,选择不同的立地条件,在武汉市沙口林场等地进行引种试验.经过8 a观测表明:部分良种生长情况极显著优于本地刺槐.     

博落回根段繁殖技术

以野生植物博落回的根为繁殖材料,探讨了博落回植物根的挖取、根段采集、催芽、栽植及管理等博落回的根段繁殖技术。     

刺龙芽茎段温室无性繁殖技术

介绍了打破刺龙芽冬季休眠期,利用其茎段进行无性繁殖的新技术。     

三倍体山杨根段育苗技术的研究

自１９９２年以来，我们用欧洲三倍体山杨嫁接苗产生的自生根及欧洲三倍体山杨原种根进行了根段育苗，培育出了具有生长快、材质好、抗性强、根系发达的种根苗。     

龙芽楤木无性繁殖技术

文章根据生产实践总结了龙芽楤木无性繁殖中的扦插和埋根繁殖方法,并报道了试验结果的成活率和生根率,对开展龙芽楤木无性系繁殖,扩大人工栽培规模有着重大意义。试验结果表明:用200×10-6吲哚丁酸浸泡插条和100×10-6ABT生根粉浇根1次,扦插成活率达90%以上,生根率达82%。     

桃树根段嫁接育苗技术

对利用桃树根段进行嫁接繁殖及育苗管理技术进行了总结,为今后大面积推广应用提供借鉴。     

油茶无性繁殖技术

从作床、选穗、激素处理、繁殖时间及管理技术等方面入手,总结出了一套成熟的油茶无性繁殖技术。     

银杏无性繁殖技术

银杏为名贵树种,栽培价值很高。本文重点介绍了银杏扦插繁殖、嫁接繁殖、分株繁殖3种无性繁殖技术,为广大林农发展银杏提供经济、简单、快捷的方法。     

Sap flow of the major tree species in the eastern mountainous region in northeast China

This study is based on Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Juglans mandshurica, Tilia amurensis, and Pinus koraiensis trees of the same age (12 years) and seedling origin under the same site conditions. The sap flow density, water consumption, and related environmental factors were also measured using thermal dissipation method and ICT-2000TE (Transpiration-Environment) automatic measuring system for tree transpiration and environmental factors. On clear days during the growing season, the sap flow density exhibited mono-peak diurnal patterns, mostly between 10:00 and 14:00, except for Phellodendron amurense, whose sap flow showed two peaks during the daytime three times. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) were the major factors influencing diurnal changes in sap flow, which explained 60%–74% variations in sap flow density for all species except Phellodendron amurense. Maximum sap flow densities for F. mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Q. mongolica, J. mandshurica, T. amurensis, and Pinus koraiensis were 516.36, 234.00, 625.93, 945.83, 507.93, and 286.21 cm³/(cm²·h), in July, June, September, August, August, and July, respectively. Water consumption during the whole growing season for J. mandshurica, T. amurensis, F. mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, Phellodendron amurense, and Q. mongolica was 3,840, 2,820, 2,710, 2,120, 1,470, and 1,390 kg/sapling, respectively. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(3): 36–42 [译自: 林业科学, 2005, 41(3): 36–42]     

我国油茶良种繁育方法研究进展

从实生繁育、扦插繁育、嫁接繁育和组织培养繁育方面概述了油茶良种繁育方法的发展进程,并阐述了容器育苗在油荼良种繁育中的应用.     

东北地区紫斑牡丹引种概况

对紫斑牡丹在东北地区的引种情况及引种后的物候表现、品种表现及防寒措施进行了总结与分析,结果表明:紫斑牡丹引种东北地区后总体物候期延迟,花期普遍缩短,但品种间存在一定差异。应采取必要的防寒措施,以保证东北地区成功引种紫斑牡丹。     

东北耐寒彩色树种引种现状综述

城市的园林绿化、美化、彩化是现代化城市文明程度的重要标志。由于受东北寒冷气候条件的限制,适宜在该地区生长的优良美化、彩化树种较少,影响了园林效果。本文介绍了引进耐寒彩色树种的地理分布、形态特征、生态习性、繁殖方法、观赏价值和引种驯化结果,并对耐寒型彩色树种在我国东北寒冷地区的推广应用前景进行了展望。     

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in the forestlands of northeast China

Soil organic carbon(SOC) is an effective indicator of soil fertility and productivity, and it varies spatially and temporally in relation to other soil properties. Spatial variability of SOC in the forestlands of northeast China was characterized using geostatistics. Soil samples at the depths of 0?20 cm, 20?40 cm and 40?60 cm were collected from sixty-three temporary plots to evaluate SOC concentration and density(SOCD) and other soil properties. We analyzed correlations between SOC and soil properties. Soil organic carbon concentrations were high. The total amount of C stored in soil(0?60 cm) was 16.23 kg·m-2 with the highest SOCD of 7.98 kg?m-2 in topsoil. Soil properties in most cases differed by horizon, suggesting different processes and effects in each horizon. Soil organic carbon had positive relationships with total N, P and K as well as readily available K, but did not show a significant positive correlation with available P. Spatial factors including elevation, slope and aspect affected SOC distribution. Soil organic carbon at 0?60 cm had strong spatial autocorrelation with nugget/sill ratio of 5.7%, and moderate structured dependence was found at 0?20 cm, which indicated the existence of a highly developed spatial structure. Spatial distributionsof SOC concentration and SOCD were estimated using regression-kriging, with higher prediction accuracy than ordinary kriging. The fractal dimension of SOC indicated the preferential pattern of SOC distribution, with the greatest spatial heterogeneity and strongest spatial dependence in the northeast-southwest direction.     

东北东部山区次生林经营技术研究

文章以东北林业大学帽儿山林场为例,对东北东部山区次生林经营技术进行了研究,结果表明,森林蓄积量的增长必须长期坚持合理采伐,通过人工和天然的途径,采取多种综合技术和措施,使林地面积、活立木蓄积、动植物资源储备量等系统资源大幅度增加。提出了效果显著的10项技术措施。     

Space-time dynamics of fine root biomass of six forests in the Maoershan forest region, northeast China

The Maoershan forestry centre is situated in the Zhangguangcai Mountain of the Changbai mountain range. The main forest types in the Maoershan region are plantation (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Pinus koraiensis and Larix gmelinii) and natural secondary forests (Fraxinus mandshurica, Quercus mongolica and Populus davidiana). Fine roots have enormous surface areas, growing and turning over quickly, which plays an important role in terms of substance cycling and energy flow in the forest ecosystem. This study deals with the dynamics of live, dead, and total fine roots (≤ 5 mm) biomass in the 0–30 cm soil layer using the soil core method. Differences between the six stands in the Maoershan region showed the following results: 1) the fine root biomass in the various stands showed obvious differences. The total fine root biomass of six stands from high to low were F. mandshurica (1,030.0 g/m²) > Q. mongolica (973.4 g/m²) > Pinus koraiensis (780.9 g/m²) > L. gmelinii (718.2 g/m²) > Populus davidiana (709.1 g/m²) > Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (470.4 g/m²); 2) except for L. gmelinii, the development of live fine root biomass agreed with the trend of total fine root biomass. The maximum biomass of live fine roots in Pinus koraiensis or L. gmelinii stand appeared in May, others in June; in the F. mandshurica stand, the minimum biomass of live fine roots occurred in September, others in July or August; 3) the proportions of dead fine root biomass varied in different stands; 4) the vertical distribution of fine roots was affected by temperature, water, and nutrients; the proportion of fine root biomass was concentrated in the 0–10 cm soil layer. The fine root biomass of six stands in the 0–10 cm soil layer was over 40% of the total fine root biomass; this proportion was 60.3% in F. mandshurica. Space-time dynamics of the various stands had different characteristics. When investigating the substance cycling and energy flows of all forest ecosystems, we should consider the characteristics of different stands in order to improve the precision of our estimates. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(6): 13–19 [译自: 林业科学]     

东北东部天然次生林的景观格局及其多样性研究--以黑龙江省帽儿山林场为例

帽儿山地区是东北东部山区较典型的天然次生林区,本研究利用帽儿山实验林场1999年航测照片及1999年调查材料绘制而成的110000的林相图,110000的土地利用现状图(1999)和实地调查资料,在ARC/INFO及其它统计软件支持下,应用地理信息系统技术,对帽儿山林场的景观空间格局及其多样性进行了分析。选取的景观空间格局度量指标包括斑块数量、斑块大小、斑块密度指数、丰富度指数、优势度指数、均匀度指数、多样性指数等。结果表明帽儿山实验林场的森林景观以软阔叶林为主,以其很强的萌糵能力在各景观中占绝对优势;在帽儿山各森林景观斑块中,天然次生林各景观斑块平均面积大于人工林各景观斑块平均面积;人工林各景观类型斑块密度指数高于天然次生林各景观类型斑块密度指数;天然林的景观多样性指数和景观均匀度最高,其景观异质性程度也最高,但景观优势度小,各景观要素对景观整体结构、功能及其变化的控制作用较弱,人工林则相反。图1表1参16。     

Landscape pattern and diversity of natural secondary forests in the eastern mountainous region, northeast China： A case study of Mao＇ershan region in HeUongjiang Province

Mao‘ershan region is a representative natural secondary forested region in the eastern mountainous region, northeast of China. Under the support of ARC/INFO, the landscape pattern and landscape diversity of Mao‘erhshan region were sudied by combining the forest type map (1:10 000), which was drawn from the aerial photographs (1999), field investigation and land utilization map (1:10 000). The selected indices included patch number, patch size, patch density index, richness index,dominance index, evenness index and diversity index. The results showed that the landscape dominant forest type in Mao‘ershan region was softwood broad-leaved forest. In all landscape types, the average patch area of natural secondary forests was bigger than that of artificial forest. The patch density index of each landscape formed in artificial forest was higher than that of natural secondary forest. The landscape diversity index and landscape evenness index of natural forest were highest, the landscape heterogeneity was also, but the landscape dominance was lower. In natural forest, the control effects of landscape elements on landscape-structure, function and its change were weakened. The artificial forest was on the contrary.     

苏北滨海盐土区杉木生态适应性及栽培技术的研究

调查研究结果表明，盐城市滨海盐土区与杉木中心产区的气候因子比较接近，基本适宜杉木的生长，杉木造林选择地下一在１．５ｍ以下，排水良好的采伐更新迹地并采用 栽植法效果较好。新造幼林套种作物以棉花最好。