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高等植物细胞周期是细胞生物学上的重要研究领域。细胞周期受遗传和发育影响因素的调控。本文综述高等植物细胞周期中涉及到细胞周期关卡GO-G1-S期和G2-M期的激素调控。最新研究成果证明玉米素、腺嘌呤、激动素、赤霉素和脱落酸等通过细胞周期蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶及细胞周期关卡的脱磷酸化控制细胞周期。植物D-型细胞周期蛋白也已被证明在细胞周期调控中起关键作用。本文有关细胞周期的研究综述对植物细胞和发育生物学研究有参考价值。图3参61。 相似文献
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植物生长调节剂对花期的调控 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
化学物质,特别是生物化学物质中的植物激素,在植物的开花生理过程中起着至关重要的作用.应用外源的植物生长调节物质调控植物开花,早在本世纪四十年代初Cooper就在菠萝上有过成功的尝试.之后,大量的研究工作证实,多种植物生长调节物质对植物开花有调控效应.观赏植物作为一种特殊的经济植物,它开花与否、开花迟早、开花数量和产量多少、花的品质等都直接影响其观赏和经济价值.本文拟对调节剂及其它一些化学物质对观赏植物开花方面影响之研究报告作一综述.着重讨论外源植物生长调节物质包括某些化学物质对观赏植物开花期、开花数量之品质方面的影响. 相似文献
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为了解落叶松木材的燃烧热释放特性,对落叶松木材在不同外界热辐射强度下的燃烧热释放速率进行了研究。结果表明,落叶松木材在燃烧过程中出现两个燃烧热释放速率的峰值;其燃烧热释放速率的平均值和外界热辐射强度成线性关系。 相似文献
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分析了35种激素处理和不同喷施次数对苗木生长的影响,选择出春季根外喷施植物生长调节剂以A3、B4两种处理效果好,平均苗高生长量、平均地径生长量分别比对照提高31.1%和14.9%;夏季以A4、E2两种处理为好,当年苗高、地径、次年苗高生长量、次年地径生长量分别比对照提高40.3%和35.5%、25.3%和6.5%、39.3%和23.0%、31.9%和19.1%;秋季以A3、B4两种处理为好,平均苗高生长量、平均地径生长量分别提高32.8%和19.1%。育苗成本比普通容器苗提高0.5%~4.0%,不同季节喷施植物生长调节剂均有显著的经济效益 相似文献
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TANGWei LatoyaHarris RonaldJ.Newton 《林业研究》2004,15(3):227-232
The cell cycle is an important research field in cell biology and it is genetically and developmentally regulated in animals and plants. The aim of this study was to review knowledge about the biochemical regulation of the cell cycle by plant growth regulators through molecular checkpoints that regulate the transition from G0-G1-S-phase and G2-M in higher plants.Recent research has shown that zeatin treatment led to the up-regulation of CycD3 in Arabidopsis. Benzyladenine treatment can also shorten the duration of S-phase through recruitment of latent origins of DNA replication. Kinetin is involved in the phosphoregulation of the G2-M checkpoint; the major cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) at this checkpoint has recently shown to be dephosphorylated as a result of cytokinin treatment, an effect that can also be mimicked by the fission yeast Cdc25 phosphatase. Gibberellic acid (GA) treatment induces internode elongation in deepwater rice, this response is mediated by a GA-induced up-regulation of a cyclin-Cdk at the G2-M checkpoint. Recent evidence has also linked abscisic acid to a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. A new D-type cyclin, recently discovered in Arabidopsis may have a key role in this process. A brief review on plant growth regulator-cell cycle interfacing during development and a cytokinin-induced continuum of cell cycle activation through the up-regulation of a plant D-type cyclin at the G1 checkpoint and the phosphoregulation of the Cdk at the G2/M checkpoint had been concluded. This review could be valuable to research on cell and developmental biology in plants. 相似文献
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植物microRNA(miRNA)是一类约21-24个核苷酸组成的小分子RNA。在细胞核中将非编码的茎环结构的单链RNA前体(pri-miRNA)加工成miRNA/miRNA*双链,然后运到细胞质中解开双链。成熟的miRNA通过形成miRNA诱导的沉默复合物(miRNA-induced silencing complex,miRISC)与靶标mRNA互补配对结合,并对其进行剪切或抑制翻译,实现对靶标基因的负调控。miRNA在抗逆反应、植物发育、信号转导等方面起着重要作用。 相似文献
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华山松大小蠹对9种植物挥发物的EAG和行为反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取5种非寄主挥发性化合物水杨醛、壬醛、三氯乙烯、二氯甲基甲醚和顺-3-己烯-1醇,4种寄主挥发性化合物β-蒎烯、(+)-3-蒈烯、β-石竹烯和(+)-α-蒎烯,应用触角电位仪和Y型嗅觉仪初步研究了华山松大小蠹成虫对这9种化合物的EAG反应和趋向反应。结果表明:雌虫对三氯乙烯、(+)-3-蒈烯和β-石竹烯,雄虫对壬醛、二氯甲基甲醚、(+)-3-蒈烯和(+)-α-蒎烯有明显的EAG反应;β-蒎烯、(+)-3-蒈烯和(+)-α-蒎烯对华山松大小蠹雌成虫有较强的引诱作用;三氯乙烯对雄成虫有较高的引诱率,且显著高于对雌成虫的引诱率。试验结果可为华山松大小蠹的行为控制技术研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Abelardo Aparicio Rafael G. Albaladejo Miguel Á. Olalla-Tárraga Laura F. Carrillo Miguel Á. Rodríguez 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008
While maximizing plant species richness continues to be central in the design, conservation and reforestation action plans, plant life histories are receiving increasing attention in assessments for the conservation of biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. We investigated the determinants of woody plant species (trees, shrubs and climbers) richness in the forest patches of the Guadalquivir river valley, a Mediterranean agricultural landscape with ∼1% forest cover. We analyzed three species richness variables, total, and those corresponding to species with short-distance (ballistic, barochorous, myrmecochorous and short-distance anemochorous) and long-distance (anemochorous, endozochorous, exozoochorous, hydrochorous and dyszoochorous) dispersal systems, which significantly characterize earlier and late successional stages, respectively. We selected eleven predictor variables related to habitat structure (patch area, shape, distances to the nearest patch and reserve, and general isolation), physical environment (temperature, precipitation, elevation, and lithological heterogeneity), and anthropogenic influences (disturbance and proportion of old-growth forest). We used ordinary-least-squares multiple regression (OLS) and the Akaike's information criterion (corrected for spatial autocorrelation) and derived indices to generate parsimonious models including multiple predictors. These analyses indicated that plant species richness increase primarily along with increasing patch area and decreasing disturbance, but also detected secondary effects of other factors when dispersal was considered. While the number of species with potential long-distance dispersal tended to increase in more isolated patches of areas with greater precipitation and lithological heterogeneity (e.g. highlands at the valley edges), the number of species with short-distance dispersal increased towards drier and less lithologically complex zones with shorter between-patch distances (e.g. central lowlands). Beyond emphasizing the need to consider dispersal in fragmentation studies, our results show that woody plant species richness would be favoured by actions that increase patch area and reduce anthropogenic disturbances particularly in lowland forests. 相似文献