牛跛行的临床诊断

跛行是牛只常见的运动障碍性疾病,其原因复杂,与遗传,神经、肌肉损伤,饲养管理失误,营养代谢紊乱等因素有关,跛行多为蹄部疾病.当牛出现跛行,及时发现和治疗可减少不必要的经济损失.总结牛跛行的原因、临床诊断方法及防治措施,探讨发现中兽医的"望、切、问"诊断方法对牛跛行的诊断起着重要作用,并着重阐述牛跛行的视诊方法.     

牛缺钙性跛行的诊疗

近几年来,我县有些地方出现原因不明的牛跛行,经调查4个乡(镇)的5个黄牛养殖场的存栏牛187头,有瘸牛22头,据分析和临床试治,认为是由于缺钙所造成。缺钙的主要原因:一是饲料中含钙不足,二是饲料中含磷过剩。而所调查的地方是由于饲料中含钙不足引起牛跛行。1发病情况有瘸牛的地     

低磷、高氟、低硒性黄牛跛行的病因学研究

以饲料和土壤低磷、高氟、低硒为线索，检测跛行黄牛血清中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、羟脯氨酸（HYPRO）、维生素D以及甲状旁腺素（PTH）等钙、磷代谢的相关指标的动态变化，探讨低磷、高氟、低硒对黄牛骨骼和肌肉的影响，以及这些致病因素之间的相互关系，为黄牛跛行病的病因学诊断和防治提供依据。结果显示：（1）土壤和饲料低磷，导致黄牛血清低磷及钙磷比例失调是引起黄牛跛行的直接因素。（2）土壤、饲料高氟是加重钙磷代谢障碍引发跛行的主要因素。（3）黄牛硒缺乏导致的肌肉损伤，是引发跛行的并发因素。     

Stifle Lameness in Cattle at Two Veterinary Teaching Hospitals: A Retrospective Study of Forty-two Cases

Records of two veterinary teaching hospitals from January 1, 1976 to June 1, 1982 were searched for diagnoses of stifle lameness. Forty-two records were found and information was recorded regarding signalment, history and clinical presentation. The following abnormalities were associated with stifle lameness: subchondral bone cyst (18 cases), joint instability (15 cases), degenerative joint disease (12 cases), cranial cruciate ligament injury (9 cases), cytological or bacteriological evidence of sepsis (9 cases), collateral ligament injury (3 cases), femorotibial luxation (2 cases) and intra-articular fracture (2 cases). The duration of lameness presentation ranged from 0.3 to 24 weeks and the mean follow-up period was 20.47 ± 11.44 months (three animals were lost to follow-up). Animals (n = 15) with subchondral bone cysts as the sole association with lameness presented at an early age (range — 6 to 18 months) and apparently regardless of treatment, had a good prognosis as determined by 75% (three lost to follow-up) returning to their intended function. Cattle (n = 9) with septic arthritis were presented at an age ranging from two months to seven years and only 22.2% returned to function. Cattle (n = 15) with joint instability presented at an age varying from nine months to 13 years also did poorly as only 26.6% returned to function.     

猪的肢蹄病(续完)

上期回顾:上期简单分别介绍了分娩舍、保育舍和生长肥育舍相关猪肢蹄病的发病情况。