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1.
Shin-ichi Fuji Nanae Mochizuki Masashi Fujinaga Makoto Ikeda Kouichi Shinoda Seiji Uematsu Hiromitsu Furuya Hideki Naito Fumiyoshi Fukumoto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):216-221
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The
predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV
isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses
infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings. 相似文献
2.
Tetsuo Tamada 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(1):76-80
Four lines (designated MR0, MR1, MR2, and M8) from 13 accessions of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima were selected on the basis of phenotypes produced after foliar rub-inoculation with Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). The susceptible phenotype developed bright yellow local lesions, whereas the resistant phenotype had symptoms ranging
from no visible lesions to necrotic lesions at the inoculation site. MR1 and MR2 lines had a resistant phenotype depending
on the isolate and the MR0 line was susceptible to all isolates of BNYVV tested. The M8 line was highly susceptible; the virus
spread systemically and caused severe stunting. These plant lines will be useful for distinguishing BNYVV isolates having
different pathogenicities, especially those controlled by RNA3 and/or RNA5. 相似文献
3.
Tsutomu MATSUMOTO Yuichiro NARA Hiromitsu FURUYA Harumi TAKAHASHI Kiichi TAIRAKO Hideki YAMAMOTO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):382-384
L11A-Fukushima (L11A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited.
Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L11A-F and L11A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these
results, L11A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L11A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L11A-F preparations was established.
Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002 相似文献
4.
Eduardo Segundo Dietrich E. Lesemann Germán Martín María P. Carmona Leticia Ruiz Isabel M. Cuadrado Leonardo Velasco Dirk Janssen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,117(1):81-87
Amaranthus leaf mottle virus (AmLMV) was classified as a member of the genus Potyvirus on the basis of its particle morphology, serology, and biological properties (Casetta et al., 1986). Based on these properties, an Amaranthus viridis-infecting virus isolated in Spain, causing mottle and leaf blistering as well as reduced growth has been identified as AmLMV.
The 3′ terminal genomic region of this and a reference isolate from Italy has been sequenced and reveals a 95% nucleotide
identity between the two isolates. The sequenced part comprises the coat protein with 281 amino acids and 315 nucleotides
of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) preceding a polyadenylated tail. Pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of the
nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the CP and 3′ UTR of the cloned cDNAs with those of other potyviruses shows
that AmLMV is a distinct potyvirus closely related to Potato virus Y. 相似文献
5.
A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-D8) systemically infects Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus), but the Y strain of CMV (CMV-Y) only infects the inoculated leaves. Both of these strains cause severe systemic mosaic on
the plants after dual infection with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Synergistic interactions on long-distance transport of CMV-Y and CMV-D8 with TuMV were analyzed using an immunobinding
assay. Direct tissue blots probed with either anti-CMV-Y or anti-TuMV antiserum clearly showed that CMV-Y efficiently spread
and accumulated in the tissues of noninoculated upper leaves and roots when co-inoculated with TuMV, and that long-distance
movement of CMV-D8 was enhanced by the presence of TuMV.
Received 16 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 5 February 2000 相似文献
6.
Gerald Ravelo Uiko Kagaya Tsuyoshi Inukai Masanao Sato Ichiro Uyeda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(1):59-65
Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) elicits lethal tip necrosis in the pea line PI 118501. Pea line PI 118501 develops necrotic lesions and veinal necrosis
on inoculated leaves, followed by systemic necrosis, leading to plant death. To understand the genetic basis of this lethal
tip necrosis, we crossed lines PI 226564 and PI 250438, which develop mosaic symptoms in response to ClYVV inoculation. In
reciprocal crosses of PI 118501 with PI 226564, all F1 plants had mosaic symptoms with slight stem necrosis and early yellowing of upper leaves. Essentially the same symptom was
manifested in PI 118501 × PI 250438 F1 plants. In F2 populations from the cross between PI 118501 and PI 226564, the observed ratios of necrosis, mosaic with slight stem necrosis,
and mosaic fit the expected 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. These results indicate that a single incompletely dominant gene confers the induction
of necrosis in PI 118501. This locus in pea, conferring necrosis induction to ClYVV infection, was designated Cyn1 (Clover yellow vein virus-induced necrosis). A linkage analysis using 100 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross of PI 118501 and PI 226564
demonstrated that Cyn1 was located 7.5 cM from the SSR marker AD174 on linkage group III. 相似文献
7.
Protocols for producing virus-free Allium plants require an indexing system that is more sensitive than DAS-ELISA and can detect low virus concentrations in infected plants. In the present work, degenerate primers were designed and a one-step IC-RT-PCR protocol was developed to differentiate between Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) and Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) in single and mixed infections in several Allium spp. A 566-bp band was observed for LYSV, a 489-bp band for OYDV in single infections, and two bands of the same sizes in mixed infections in different species of Alliaceae. A 508-bp band of Shallot yellow stripe virus and a 594-bp band of Turnip mosaic virus were also amplified with the same primers. RT-nested-PCR was also conducted directly in microtitre plate wells after negative or questionable reactions were produced in an ELISA experiment. The detection limit of the DAS-ELISA for LYSV was 16.5–27.3 ng ml−1. The RT-nested-PCR done after DAS-ELISA was 102 times more sensitive than the DAS-ELISA alone. In parallel, an IC-RT-nested-PCR in microcentrifuge tubes was 104 times more sensitive than the DAS-ELISA. The DAS-ELISA-RT-nested-PCR enables the initial screening of samples by DAS-ELISA to eliminate a high percentage of virus-positive plants, considerably reducing the number of plants to analyze further by RT-PCR. 相似文献
8.
You-Xiu Zheng Ching-Chung Chen Yuh-Kun Chen Fuh-Jyh Jan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,121(1):87-95
A putative virus-induced disease showing chlorotic spots on leaves of Phalaenopsis orchids was observed in central Taiwan. A virus culture, phalaenopsis isolate 7-2, was isolated from a diseased Phalaenopsis orchid and established in Chenopodium quinoa and Nicotiana benthamiana. The virus reacted with the monoclonal antibody (POTY) against the potyvirus group. Potyvirus-like long flexuous filament
particles around 12–15 × 750–800 nm were observed in the crude sap and purified virus preparations, and pinwheel inclusion
bodies were observed in the infected cells. The conserved region of the viral RNA was amplified using the degenerate primers
for the potyviruses and sequence analysis of the virus isolate 7-2 showed 56.6–63.1% nucleotide and 44.8–65.1% amino acid
identities with those of Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Beet mosaic virus (BtMV), Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). The coat protein (CP) gene of isolate 7-2 was amplified, sequenced and found to have 280 amino acids. A homology
search in GenBank indicated that the virus is a potyvirus but no highly homologous sequence was found. The virus was designated
as Phalaenopsis chlorotic spot virus (PhCSV) in early 2006. Subsequently, a potyvirus, named Basella rugose mosaic virus isolated
from malabar spinach was reported in December 2006. It was found to share 96.8% amino acid identity with the CP of PhCSV.
Back-inoculation with the isolated virus was conducted to confirm that PhCSV is the causal agent of chlorotic spot disease
of Phalaenopsis orchids in Taiwan. This is the first report of a potyvirus causing a disease on Phalaenopsis orchids. 相似文献
9.
Florian Chain Gérard Riault Maxime Trottet Emmanuel Jacquot 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,117(1):35-43
Serial passage experiments (SPE) of a Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) isolate were performed on Zhong ZH and TC14 wheat lines to evaluate the durability of their resistance to BYDV. At different passage numbers (from the 2nd to the 114th), biological properties of the produced isolates were recorded either by monitoring infection percentages and virus titers of the first 3 weeks of viral infection or by measuring their impact on yield components. Statistical analyses using the area under pathogen progress curves and the area under concentration progress curves demonstrated that these two resistant lines induce, after only a few passages, a selection of variant(s) with significantly modified infection abilities. Isolates resulting from SPE performed on these lines induced important decreases of yield components. These results indicate that the use of Zhong ZH and TC14 lines in BYDV-resistant breeding programmes should be approached with caution. 相似文献
10.
Helena P. Trenado Isabel M. Fortes Diamantina Louro Jesús Navas-Castillo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(2):193-196
Tomato chlorosis virus causes yellow leaf disorder epidemics in many countries worldwide. Plants of Physalis ixocarpa showing abnormal interveinal yellowing and plants of Physalis peruviana showing mild yellowing collected in the vicinity of tomato crops in Portugal were found naturally infected with ToCV. Physalis ixocarpa and P. peruviana were tested for susceptibility to ToCV by inoculation with Bemisia tabaci, Q biotype. Results confirmed that ToCV is readily transmissible to both species. The infection was expressed in P. ixocarpa by conspicuous interveinal yellow areas on leaves that developed into red or brown necrotic flecks, while P. peruviana test plants remained asymptomatic. Infected plants of both P. ixocarpa and P. peruviana served as ToCV sources for tomato infection via B. tabaci transmission. This is the first report of P. ixocarpa and P. peruviana as natural hosts of ToCV. 相似文献
11.
Tetsuo MAOKA Shinya TSUDA Tomio USUGI Chiyoichi NODA Mabito IWASAKI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):89-93
Losses in serological reactivity of Papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus (PLDMV) were demonstrated. An antibody, IgG-papaya,
raised against PLDMV purified from papaya (Carica papaya L.) did not react with virus particles in Cucumis metuliferus leaf extracts in ELISA or SSEM-PAG (serologically specific electron microscopy using protein A-gold). In addition, IgG-papaya
and IgG- Cucumis raised against PLDMV purified from C. metuliferus did not react with virus particles in papaya leaf extracts after western blotting. From results of electrophoresis, the coat
protein (CP) of PLDMV purified from papaya had degraded and migrated in two bands. Similar degradation was also observed when
virus purified from C. metuliferus was treated with papain. These results indicated that the CP of PLDMV purified from papaya was degraded during the purification
process by papain in the host plant. IgG-papaya was reactive to papain-degraded CP, while IgG-Cucumiswas reactive to both intact and degraded CP. Modified serological methods using antipain (a protease inhibitor) or papain
were established to detect PLDMV.
Received 16 February 2001/ Accepted in revised form 26 September 2001 相似文献
12.
13.
<Emphasis Type="Italic">Turnip yellow mosaic virus</Emphasis> isolated from Chinese cabbage in Japan
Namiko Kirino Koji Inoue Koji Tanina Yuya Yamazaki Satoshi T. Ohki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(4):331-334
A virus that caused a distinct yellow mosaic was isolated in Okayama, Japan from Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L., Pekinensis group). The virus, with spherical particles ca. 28 nm in diameter, was mechanically transmissible only to
cruciferous species. From the host range, characteristic morphology of virus particles, serology and sequence analysis of
coat protein gene, the causal virus was identified as Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Seed transmission of TYMV at 0–2.2% in Chinese cabbage was confirmed. This report is the first of TYMV from Chinese
cabbage and in Japan.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases as accessions AB358971 and AB358972. 相似文献
14.
Seiji TSUGE Ayako FURUTANI Rie FUKUNAKA Takashi OKU Kazunori TSUNO Hirokazu OCHIAI Yasuhiro INOUE Hisatoshi KAKU Yasuyuki KUBO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(4):363-371
To analyze the regulation of hrp expression and to detect and identify hrp-dependent secretion proteins of plant-pathogenic bacteria, an appropriate hrp-inducing medium is indispensable. In this study, two efficient hrp-inducing media for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were designed by assaying the expression of a hrcU (the first gene of the hrpC operon) and a gus (β-glucuronidase) fusion gene. We modified XVM2, which is a hrp-inducing medium for X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, by adding 0.01% xylose in place of fructose and sucrose (0.18 and 0.34%, respectively) as a sugar source. The resulting
medium induced approximately 15-fold more GUS activity from transformants containing a hrcU::gus gene than did XVM2. Moreover, a methionine-containing synthetic medium with 0.18% xylose as a sugar source was able to induce
much stronger expression of HrcU::GUS, with GUS activity approximately 100-fold greater than that in XVM2. Induction depended
on a regulator, HrpXo, and the PIP (plant-inducible-promoter) box, suggesting that HrcU::GUS was expressed in a hrp-dependent manner. The induction of operons hrpA to hrpF in XOM2 was also confirmed. These results suggest that both media, especially XOM2, are highly efficient hrp-inducing media for X. oryzae pv. oryzae.
Received 7 October 2002/ Accepted in revised form 22 November 2002 相似文献
15.
In June 1995, a disease causing round to irregular-shaped, water-soaked, brown to blackish brown spots on mealycup sage (Salvia farinacea Benth.) was found in Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. The symptoms were seen only on leaves, not on neither flower
petals or stems. The disease was also found in Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Memambetsu-cho, Hokkaido and Shimoda-shi and Matsuzaki-cho,
Shizuoka. An Alternaria sp. was frequently isolated from these diseased plants. The isolates were severely pathogenic to mealycup sage and caused
lesions on the inoculated leaves. The isolates were also weakly pathogenic on scarlet sage (S. splendens Sellow ex Roem. and Schult.) but not on any other Labiatae plants tested. Based on morphological characteristics, such as
size of conidia, chain number, and the short beak on conidia, the causal fungus was identified as Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler. This report is the first on a mealycup sage disease caused by A. alternata. Because the symptom was restricted to the leaf, the common name of Alternaria leaf spot was proposed.
Received 30 August 2002/ Accepted in revised form 18 November 2002 相似文献
16.
Ramesh R. Chavan Michael N. Pearson Dan Cohen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(2):247-259
Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa plants from China, showing a range of symptoms, including vein clearing, interveinal mottling, mosaics and chlorotic ring
spots, were found to contain ~300 nm rod-shaped virus particles. The virus was mechanically transmitted to several herbaceous
indicators causing systemic infections in Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii, and N. occidentalis, and local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa. Systemically- infected leaves reacted with a Tobacco mosaic virus polyclonal antibody in indirect ELISA. PCR using generic and specific Tobamovirus primers produced a 1,526 bp sequence spanning the coat protein (CP), movement protein (MP), and partial RNA replicase genes
which showed a maximum nucleotide identity (88%) with Turnip vein clearing virus and Penstemon ringspot virus. However, when the CP sequence alone was considered the highest CP sequence identity (96% nt and 98% aa) was to Ribgrass mosaic virus strain Kons 1105. The morphological, transmission, serological and molecular properties indicate that the virus is a member
of subgroup 3 of the genus Tobamovirus. 相似文献
17.
Kentaro Okuno Tomoko Hama Minoru Takeshita Naruto Furuya Yoichi Takanami 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(2):138-142
A potyvirus, for which the name Japanese hornwort mosaic virus (JHMV) is proposed, was isolated from Japanese hornwort plants
(Cryptotaenia japonica) with mosaic disease symptoms. The virus was used to inoculate mechanically 34 plants belonging to 33 species of 10 families.
Of these species seven from two families were infected. Faint chlorotic spots appeared on the inoculated leaves of Chenopodium quinoa and C. amaranticolor, but no systemic infection occurred in these plants. JHMV systemically infected only Umbelliferae plants; they did not infect
26 other species in eight families. JHMV was transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by aphids (Myzus persicae). The virus was a flexuous rod-shaped particle about 750 nm in length. Sequencing the nucleotides in the 3′ terminal region
of JHMV revealed that the coat protein contains 280 amino acids with a molecular mass of 32.2 kDa. The nucleotide sequence
of the coat protein of JHMV had the highest similarity with that of Zantedeschia mosaic virus (83.3%) compared to those of
other potyviruses (57.0%–64.9%). An antiserum against JHMV reacted strongly with JHMV and weakly with Potato virus Y. These results indicate that JHMV is a new potyvirus.
Received: September 9, 2002 / Accepted: November 7, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" The nucleotide sequence determined in this work appears in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank nucleotide sequence databases with
the accession number AB081518 相似文献
18.
Willows (Salix spp.) are beneficial as a potential source of renewable energy, riparian barriers and riverbank control, yet are considered
invasive weeds when they clog watercourses and lead to erosion and flooding. Interactions between willow rustMelampsora epitea (Thüm.) (Uredinales: Melampsoraceae) and leaf beetlePhratora spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feeding damage have an impact on effective pest management and biological control. The present
study investigated the effects of(a) prior mechanical leaf damage on rust development, and(b) rust infection on beetle feeding under laboratory conditions for different time intervals and levels of damage. Willow rust
infection significantly reduced the amount of leaf area consumed by beetles. The result was similar when a compatible or an
incompatible rust pathotype was sprayed ontoSalix viminalis (L.) ‘Mullatin’ plants. There were no overall significant effects of mechanical damage on rust development, although the
lowest level of rust infection was found with the incremental damage treatment. There were, however, differences of significance
for leaf position and damage status, with damaged leaves at all positions having fewer pustules and a smaller pustule area
than the corresponding undamaged leaves. There was no detectable effect of possible volatile emissions from crushed willow
leaves on rust infection and development, although the volatile compoundcis-3-hexenyl acetate significantly reduced pustule diameter and overall pustule area. The results are discussed in terms of
the implications for pest management and biological control.
Corresponding author
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting April 6, 2003. 相似文献
19.
Chetsadaporn Pitaksutheepong Artit Vimoltat Boonyanath Nathwong Supat Attathom 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(1):72-75
The DNA-binding activity and DNA-binding domain of Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus coat protein were investigated. A full-length coat protein (CP) and two truncated derivatives lacking the amino (CPΔ1-62)
and carboxyl (CPΔ126-257) termini were produced in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins to glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Southwestern analysis showed that GST-CP bound both single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) DNA,
while GST-CPΔ126-257 interacted only with ssDNA. Neither ss nor dsDNA bound to GST-CPΔ1-62. The results suggested that a putative
DNA-binding domain is located at the N-terminal 1-62 amino residues.
The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AF141922 (TYLCTHV-[2]),
AF220561 (RTBVCN), X01633 (MSV) and AF295401 (ToLCBV-[Ban5]) 相似文献
20.
Julie M. Steed Andreas Baierl Bruce D. L. Fitt 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(4):359-373
In winter oilseed rape experiments at Rothamsted in 2000/01 to 2002/03 growing seasons, the severity of phoma stem canker
epidemics in summer depended on the timing of phoma leaf spot epidemics in the previous autumn, and hence on the timing of
Leptosphaeria maculans ascospore release. The first major release of L. maculans ascospores was earlier in 2000 (26 September) and 2001 (18 September) than in 2002 (21 October). Consequently, the autumn
phoma leaf spot epidemic was also earlier in 2000 and 2001 than in 2002. The resulting stem canker epidemics were severe by
harvest (July) in 2001 and 2002 but not in 2003. No correlation was found between the severity or duration of phoma leaf spotting
(lesion days or lesion °C-days) and the subsequent severity of phoma stem canker epidemics. Rates of leaf production and loss
were similar in the three growing seasons. Out of ca. 25 leaves produced on plants during each season, leaf numbers 10–14 generally remained on plants for the longest. Treatment
with flusilazole + carbendazim in autumn decreased the severity of phoma leaf spotting for several weeks after treatment,
decreased the severity of stem canker the following summer and increased yield significantly in 2001 and 2002 but not in 2003.
The most effective timings for flusilazole + carbendazim application were when leaves 7–11 were present on most plants and
at least 10% of plants were affected by phoma leaf spot. Two half-dose applications of fungicide reduced phoma stem canker
and increased yield more than a single full dose application when phoma leaf spot epidemics were early (<800 °C-days after
sowing). 相似文献