饲粮能量水平对渝荣I号猪肥育后期生产性能和胴体肉质的影响

试验选用体重80kg左右的渝荣I号肥育猪60头,随机分为5个处理组,分别饲喂消化能浓度为12.99、13.49、14.09、14.57和15.07MJ/kg的饲粮,每组3个重复,每个重复4头猪(公母各半),研究不同能量水平对猪肥育后期生产性能和胴体肉质的影响。结果表明:渝荣I号猪肥育后期(80~120kg)消化能浓度为14.09MJ/kg时生产性能最佳。随着饲粮消化能浓度的提高采食量下降、料肉比降低,日增重各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。平均背膘厚和屠宰率随着饲粮中消化能水平的提高有上升趋势,但在最高能量组(15.07MJ/kg)出现了下降,瘦肉率的变化与背膘厚和屠宰率相反;饲粮消化能浓度对各肉质性状均无显著影响(P>0.05)。     

饲粮能量水平对热带地区瘦肉型猪生产性能及胴体肉质的影响

试验选用体重约65kg的三元杂交[杜×(大×长)]猪96头,按性别和体重随机分为3组,分别饲喂能量水平为14.21、13.59、12.96MJ/kg的试验饲粮并在饲养试验结束时进行了屠宰试验。结果表明:在热带地区冷季节气候条件下(约平均温度为19.7℃,平均相对湿度为75.4%),瘦肉型育肥猪饲粮的消化能需要参数定为14.21MJ/kg时其日增重和饲料转化率最佳;随着饲粮消化能水平的提高,瘦肉型猪屠宰率和三点平均值有着提高的趋势,瘦肉率和腿臀比例有下降的趋势,但肉色评分和肌肉pH值无明显变化;当饲粮消化能水平为13.59MJ/kg时,试验猪背最长肌干物质、粗脂肪和蛋白质含量最高,肌肉大理石花纹和眼肌平均面积较理想,但饲粮消化能水平对肌肉pH1和pH24的影响不显著(P>0.05)。     

申农Ⅰ号猪的肥育和胴体性状

对中农Ⅰ号四世代到七世代猪进行屠宰测定,每个世代屠宰6头。对中农Ⅰ号四世代到八世代猪进行多次了肥育试验。试验结果表明,申农Ⅰ号四世代到八世代猪的平均日增重分别为499．25、48216、53085、57065和5965go在胴体性状方面,申农Ⅰ号猪群的屠宰率在73％左右,6～7肋骨膘厚在25cm左右,眼肌面积在39cm^2左右,瘦肉率在59％左右。在肉质性状方面,申农Ⅰ号猪的PH1值在6．18左右,失水率在2721％左右,腰大肌嫩度在4．498左右,肉色在2．68左右,肌内脂肪在2．21％左右,肌肉水份在73.07％左右。     

“申农Ⅰ号”猪的肥育和胴体性状

对“申农Ⅰ号”培育猪群分 3次进行肥育和胴体性能测定 ,第 1次试验猪为杜× (长大二 )猪 ,饲养 8头 ,屠宰 4头 ;第 2次试验猪为“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪 ,饲养 5头 ,屠宰 4头 ;第 3次试验猪为“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪 ,饲养 9头 ,屠宰 4头。试验结果表明 ,杜× (长大二 )猪、“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪及二世代猪平均日增重分别为 62 2 5g、 51 4 6g和 52 3 31g。在胴体性状方面 ,“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪屠宰率最高 ,达74 37% ;平均背膘及 6～ 7肋膘最薄 ,为 2 1 4cm和 1 74cm ;眼肌面积最大 ,为 34 31cm2 ;瘦肉率最高 ,为 61 70 % ,而杜× (长大二 )猪和“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪上述各指标则分别为 :72 96% ,67 60 % ;3 1 5cm ,3 1 2cm和 3 0 3cm ,3 0 3cm ;2 9 63cm2 ,2 7 60cm2 ;56 2 7% ,58 2 1 %。在肉质性状方面 ,“申农Ⅰ号”二世代猪在校正肉色上最高 ,为 9 88,杜× (长大二 )猪在系水力和肌内脂含量上最高 ,分别为 75 2 1 %和 3 36 % ,而“申农Ⅰ号”一世代猪则在嫩度及肌肉水分指标上占优 ,分别为 2 52kg及 75 2 1 %。     

"饲壮灵"对肥育猪胴体和肉质的影响

本试验研究了日粮中添加2000 mg/kg"饲壮灵"对"杜长大"肥育猪胴体组成和肉质的影响.结果表明添加"饲壮灵"使肥育猪瘦肉率提高6.44%(P＜0.05),背最长肌面积提高10.39%(P＜0.05),背膘厚和板油重分别降低14.49%(P＜0.05)和24.87%(P＜0.05);肉色和大理石纹评分分别提高17.35%(P＜0.05)和16.23%(P＜0.05),失水率降低1.75%(P＜0.05),背最长肌肌红蛋白含量上升了32.17%(P＜0.05),粗脂肪含量提高36.30%(P＜0.05).     

半胱胺对肥育猪生产性能和胴体的影响

选择体重60kg左右的杜长大杂交猪144头，随机分成4组，分别在基础日粮中添加半胱胺0、100、150和350mg/kg。试验结果：日粮中添加100、150mg/kg半胱胺使试验猪体重增加5．6％和12．7％，而添加350mg/kg半胱胺却使增重降低了11．4％；与对照组相比，添加100、150和350mg/kg半胱胺耗料增重比分别降低了6．5％、12．1％和－10．2％；添加100、150mg/kg半胱胺使每头猪增加收入5．35元和12．61元，而添加350mg/kg时，减少收入30．89元；试验结果表明，在肥育猪日粮中添加100和150mg/kg半胱胺能明显提高猪的生产性能，而添加过量的半胱胺却反而降低了猪的生产性能。     

夏季提高饲粮能量和赖氨酸水平对生长肥育猪生产性能的影响

选择体重30kg左右的杜长大三元杂种猪40头,随机分为4组,每组10头,公母各半,对照组喂基础饲粮,试验1、2、3组饲粮的能量水平分别比对照组高0.22、0.44、0.66MJ/kg,赖氨酸水平分别比对照组高0、0.10%和0.15%,进行77天饲养试验。结果表明,试验1、2、3组的日增重较对照组分别提高2.73%(P>0.05)、9.03%(P<0.05)和11.41%(P<0.05),料重比下降1.79%、4.29%和5.71%,毛利润较对照组分别提高1.89%、8.00%和9.01%。表明在夏季提高饲粮能量和赖氨酸水平能显著提高生长肥育猪的生产性能和经济效益。     

饲粮消化能水平对生长肥育猪胴体品质的影响

用消化能水平分别为１３２３０千焦／千克,１２６００千焦／千克和１１９７０千焦／千克的３种饲粮喂生长肥育猪,日增重和饲料／增重均未在到显著水平。屠宰试验表明,日粮ＤＥ水平由１２６００千焦／千克降至１１９７０千焦／千克极显著地提高了瘦肉率,显著降低了肥肉率,其它各项屠体性状指标差异不显著,各处理组肉质均在正常范围。     

烟酸铬对肥育猪生产性能和胴体品质影响的研究

随着人们生活水平的改善和消费动物食品保健意识的增强,对猪肉要求:脂肪少、瘦肉多、风味好、残留少。但是,在现阶段规模养猪生产中,为追求高产肉量,许多使用“瘦肉灵”等β-兴奋剂(BAA)产品以提高出栏猪的瘦肉率,结果常常出现猪肉深暗(DFD肉)、水份渗出或坚硬、肉质粗糙、缺少风味等不良现象,反而危害经营效益,而且BAA的残留将严重影响人们的健康。本研究旨在探讨有机铬制剂(Crp)和通过营养调控的办法对肥育猪生产性能和胴体品质的效应。设BAA为对照,采用饲养试验、屠宰实验的方法,以期解决目前养猪生产中BAA滥用问题,提高养猪生产…     

The effect of fermented apple diet supplementation on the growth performance and meat quality in finishing pigs

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of fermented apple diet (FAD) supplementation on the growth performance and meat quality in finishing Berkshires. The FAD was made from dropped apple mixed with rice bran and barley bran. Until 81 ± 1 kg live weight at 133 ± 1 days, the animals were fed a growing diet, after which experimental samples were fixed at 0, 2, 4 and 6% FAD as C, T1, T2 and T3 in the finishing diets. Growth performance, ADG, ADFI and feed efficiency were improved in T1 than other groups. In carcass parameters, carcass weight was higher ( P  < 0.05) in T1 than in other groups. In meat quality, moisture and crude protein contents decreased ( P  < 0.05) by addition of FAD. pH₂₄ and WHC were higher ( P  < 0.05) in T1 than other groups. In sensory evaluation, marbling of fresh meat and tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability of cooked meat were improved by the addition of FAD. According to the results of our experiment, FAD can be used for improvement of meat quality parameters.     

甜菜碱和B族维生素对商品猪生长性能及同体肉品质影响

许多研究表明,甜菜碱可以促进肥育猪生长,改善饲料利用率,降低背膘厚,减少胴体脂肪沉积,增大眼肌面积和提高瘦肉率。日粮中添加B族维生素,可     

芽孢杆菌对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响

试验选择平均体重为(23.5±0.89)kg的三元商品猪75头用于评估日粮添加芽孢杆菌对生长育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响。共分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头猪。对照组饲喂两阶段(生长和育肥期)基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.015%和0.03%的芽孢杆菌。试验开展16周。结果:试验全期(0~16周)日增重和增重耗料比表现为显著线性升高(P<0.05);6周肥猪干物质消化率随日粮芽孢杆菌添加水平的升高显著线性升高(P<0.05)。0.03%芽孢杆菌组显著提高了6和16周血液葡萄糖水平(P<0.05);日粮芽孢杆菌添加水平显著线性提高16周肥猪粪中乳酸杆菌和大肠杆菌含量(P<0.05)。日粮芽孢杆菌添加水平显著线性提高了第3天猪肉感官指标、滴水损失和屠体重(P<0.05)。因此,利用芽孢杆菌作为益生菌添加到饲料中可以提高生长肥育猪的生长性能和胴体质量。     

微生物发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能及肉质的影响

为了研究乳酸菌发酵饲料对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质的影响及其机理,选择体重约80 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交生长育肥猪320头,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组8个重复,每个重复20头猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮中5%的原料经乳酸菌发酵处理后再与其他原料混合;试验预试期3 d,正试期4周,在第4周结束时,每组随机抽取6头猪进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能和肉质。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲喂发酵饲料对肥育猪的干物质采食量、平均日增重和料重影响差异不显著(P0.05),猪血清中的生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-I水平组间差异也不显著(P=0.11);试验组育肥猪的背最长肌pH_(45 min)和肉色评分显著增加(P0.05),背最长肌肉剪切力显著降低(P0.05);试验组血清谷胱甘肽还原酶活性有升高趋势(P=0.08)。结果表明:肥育猪饲料中添加5%发酵饲料原料可改善猪肉品质。     

Effects of dietary lysine/protein ratio and fat levels on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary lysine/protein ratio and fat levels on the growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of finishing pigs fed feed made from food waste, including noodles and chocolate. Four dietary treatments, 2 levels of lysine/protein ratio (0.035 and 0.046) and 2 levels of fat (3.3% and 6.0%), were adapted to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Each diet for the finishing pigs contained the same levels of adequate crude protein (16%) and lysine (0.58–0.75%), and similar levels of high total digestible nutrients (90.2–92.6%). In total, 32 LWD pigs with an average body weight of 57.2 kg were assigned to 4 dietary groups. The pigs were slaughtered at about 115 kg. Growth performance was not influenced by the dietary treatments. Carcass characteristics were slightly influenced by the dietary fat level. As the dietary lysine/protein ratio decreased, the marbling score of Longissimus dorsi muscle increased and the intramuscular fat (IMF) increased from 6.82% to 9.46%. Marbling score was not significantly influenced by the dietary fat level. These results indicate that IMF increased without adverse effects on growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality, when pigs were fed a diet with low lysine/protein ratio.     

Impact of dietary energy level and ractopamine on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of finishing pigs

A total of 54 finishing barrows (initial BW = 99.8 ± 5.1 kg; PIC C22 × 337) reared in individual pens were allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels of ractopamine (0 and 7.4 mg/kg) and 3 levels of dietary energy (high, 3,537; medium, 3,369; and low, 3,317 kcal of ME/kg) to determine the effects of dietary ractopamine and various energy levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of finishing pigs. High-energy diets were corn-soybean-meal-based with 4% added fat; medium-energy diets were corn-soybean meal based with 0.5% added fat; and low-energy diets were corn-soybean meal based with 0.5% added fat and 15% wheat middlings. Diets within each ractopamine level were formulated to contain the same standardized ileal digestible Lys:ME (0 mg/kg, 1.82; and 7.4 mg/kg, 2.65 g/Mcal of ME). Individual pig BW and feed disappearance were recorded at the beginning and conclusion (d 21) of the study. On d 21, pigs were slaughtered for determination of carcass characteristics and meat quality. No ractopamine × energy level interactions (P > 0.10) were observed for any response criteria. Final BW (125.2 vs. 121.1 kg), ADG (1.2 vs. 1.0 kg/d), and G:F (0.31 vs. 0.40) were improved (P < 0.001) with feeding of ractopamine diets. Feeding of the low-energy diet reduced (P = 0.001) final BW and ADG compared with the high- and medium-energy diets. Gain:feed was reduced (P = 0.005) when the medium-energy diets were fed compared with the high-energy diets. Additionally, G:F was reduced (P = 0.002) when the low-energy diets were compared with the high- and medium-energy diets. Feeding ractopamine diets increased (P < 0.05) HCW (93.6 vs. 89.9 kg) and LM area (51.2 vs. 44.2 cm(2)). The LM pH decline was reduced (P ≤ 0.05) by feeding ractopamine diets. The feeding of low-energy diets reduced (P = 0.001) HCW when compared with the high- and medium-energy diets and reduced (P = 0.024) 10th-rib backfat when compared with the high- and medium-energy diet. These data indicate that feeding ractopamine diets improved growth performance and carcass characteristics, while having little or no detrimental effect on meat quality. Reductions in energy content of the diet by adding 15% wheat middlings resulted in impaired ADG, G:F, and 10th-rib backfat. There were no ractopamine × energy level interactions in this trial, which indicates that the improvements resulting from feeding ractopamine were present regardless of the dietary energy levels.     

无公害添加剂对肥育猪生产性能及肉品质的影响

试验将24头杜×长×大(杜×大×长)仔猪分成2组,每组12头,分别设1个重复组,试验组在基础日粮中添加4%的无公害添加剂,对照组添加4%含抗生素的预混料。结果表明,在小猪和中猪阶段,日增质量试验组比对照组略低,差异不显著;在大猪阶段,试验组比对照组略高,差异不显著;在饲养全期,试验组与对照组相近,差异不显著。全期料肉比,试验组比对照组略有下降,但各阶段差异都不显著。试验组比对照组有明显提高屠宰率、眼肌面积和瘦肉率,降低背膘厚,增加胴体长度的趋势。同时,试验组比对照组的pH和肉色评分明显提高,失水率和滴水损失明显降低,大理石纹等级评分无明显差异。试验组肉质检测结果完全达到NY5029—2001标准。     

不同梯度发酵豆粕对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状及肉品质的影响

试验旨在研究不同梯度发酵豆粕等量替代普通豆粕对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状及肉品质的影响.采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选择240头初始体重(61.25±2.31) kg的杜×长×大育肥猪,随机分为6组,每组8个重复,每个重复5头猪.对照组育肥猪饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,5个试验组依次采用5％、7％、9％、11％、13％...     

Effects of apple pomace‐mixed silage on growth performance and meat quality in finishing pigs

We measured the growth performance and meat quality of 10 crossbred (Yorkshire × Duroc × Landrace) neutered male pigs to evaluate the effects of apple pomace‐mixed silage (APMS). The pigs were divided into two groups and were respectively fed the control feed and the AMPS ad libitum during the experiment. No difference was found in the finished body weight, average daily gain, carcass weight, back fat thickness or dressing ratio between the control and the AMPS treatments, but average dairy feed intake (dry matter) was significantly lower and feed efficiency was significantly higher using the APMS treatment (P < 0.05). With regard to meat quality, the APMS increased the moisture content but decreased the water holding capacity (P < 0.05) compared with the control treatment. Furthermore, the APMS affected the fatty acid composition of the back fat by increasing linoleic acid (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3) and arachidic acid (C20:0) levels, while decreasing palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) levels, compared with the control treatment. These results indicate that feeding fermented apple pomace to finishing pigs increases the feed efficiency and affects the meat quality and fatty acid composition of back fat.     

Effects of supplemental humic substances on growth performance, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs

A total of forty-eight finishing pigs were used to determine the effects of humic substances (HS) on growth performance, blood characteristics, and meat quality. The finishing pigs were assigned randomly by weight to three treatments. The dietary treatments included: 1) Control (CON; basal diet), 2) HS1 (basal diet + 5% humic substances) and 3) HS2 (basal diet + 10% humic substances). Results of the whole experimental period showed that addition of 10% HS to the diet, significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and gain/feed (G:F) (P < 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the relative lymphocyte counts (% of total white blood cells) of pigs fed HS2 diet were higher (P < 0.05) than that of pigs fed CON diet. The Minolta color parameter a of pigs fed HS2 was similar to that of pigs fed HS1, however, it was higher (P < 0.05) than that of pigs fed CON diet. The inclusion of either 5% or 10% HS significantly decreased backfat thickness (P < 0.05). The marbling score was increased significantly (P < 0.05) when diets were supplemented with HS at a level of 10%. The results of this study suggest that HS might be utilized as a feed additive in the diet. It could improve growth performance, relative lymphocyte counts and meat quality.