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Johanna Mkitaipale Harri Sievnen Satu Sankari Outi Laitinen‐Vapaavuori 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(5):1564-1570
During the winter time in Finland, sunlight is inadequate for vitamin D synthesis. Many pet rabbits live as house rabbits with limited outdoor access even during summer and may therefore be dependent on dietary sources of vitamin D. The aims of this study were to report the serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in Finnish pet rabbits and to identify factors that influence vitamin D status. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations from 140 pet rabbits were determined using a vitamin D enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit. Eleven rabbits were excluded from the statistical analysis because of unclear dietary data. The remaining 129 rabbits were divided into groups depending on outdoor access during summer (no access n = 26, periodic n = 57, regular n = 46) as well as daily diet: little or no hay and commercial rabbit food ≤1/2 dl (n = 12); a lot of hay and no commercial food daily (n = 23); a lot of hay and commercial food <1 dl (n = 59); a lot of hay and commercial food ≥1 dl (n = 35). The range of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration was from 4.5 to 67.5 ng/ml with a mean of 26.1 ng/ml. Statistical general linear model adjusted for weight, age and season indicated that diet was associated with vitamin D concentrations (p = 0.001), but outdoor access during summer was not (p = 0.41). Mean 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration was significantly higher in the rabbits receiving a lot of hay and commercial food ≥1 dl (33.9 ± 13.2 ng/ml) than in rabbits in other diet groups (24.0 ± 8.5 ng/ml, 21.7 ± 8.1 ng/ml, and 22.2 ± 18.0 ng/ml, respectively). This investigation showed wide variation in 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among Finnish pet rabbits. Diet remains a main source since outdoor access seems to be too limited to provide adequate vitamin D synthesis for most of them, and the use of vitamin D supplements is rare. 相似文献
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Stephanie M. Lalor Severine Tasker Emily N. Barker Jacqueline Berry Danielle Gunn‐More Richard J Mellanby 《Veterinary Medicine and Science》2015,1(2):72-78
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that can lead to a syndrome of acquired immune dysfunction. Infected cats often remain asymptomatic for several years before immune dysfunction leads to an increased risk for the development of systemic diseases, neoplasia and opportunistic infections. FIV is structurally related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the pathogenesis of FIV‐related disease is similar to that seen in HIV‐infected patients. Observational studies have documented an association between low plasma vitamin D and HIV infection. Vitamin D status has been shown to be associated with HIV‐related disease progression, morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that vitamin D status, as assessed by serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, are lower in cats with FIV infection compared to healthy control cats. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 20 healthy cats, 39 hospitalized ill cats and 59 cats infected with FIV. Cats which were FIV infected had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared to healthy control cats. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were not significantly different between FIV‐infected cats and hospitalized ill cats. Further investigations are warranted to determine whether vitamin D status influences the prognosis of cats infected with FIV. 相似文献
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为了研究1,25(OH)2D3对体外诱导培养鸡胚破骨细胞的作用,从18日龄鸡胚长骨(股骨和胫骨)分离骨髓细胞进行培养,在培养过程中分别添加10-7,10-8和10-9mol/L的1,25(OH)2D3。通过倒置显微镜观察其活体形态,对培养1,3,5,7 d的破骨细胞进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色(TRAP)鉴定,培养7 d后进行骨吸收陷窝和功能分析。结果显示,10-8mol/L组除第1天和其他各组差异不显著以外,第3,5,7天诱导所生成的破骨细胞的数量都显著高于10-7和10-9mol/L这2组(P0.05),极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。经扫描电镜观察,无论是吸收陷窝面积还是陷窝吸收程度,10-8mol/L组均显著高于其2组;对照组无明显陷窝。由此可知,1,25(OH)2D3能诱导鸡胚骨髓细胞形成破骨细胞,且浓度为10-8mol/L时效果最好,所诱导的破骨细胞活性较高。 相似文献
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Rafael V. A. Zafalon Larissa W. Risolia Vivian Pedrinelli Thiago H. A. Vendramini Roberta B. A. Rodrigues Andressa R. Amaral Marcia M. Kogika Marcio A. Brunetto 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):322-342
Due to the presence of receptors in the cells of numerous body tissues, vitamin D is associated with several physiological functions that go beyond calcium and phosphorus homoeostasis and control of bone metabolism in the body. In humans, several studies have associated lower vitamin D concentrations with numerous diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, and also with an increase in the total mortality rate of the population. Recently, this nutrient started to gain importance in veterinary medicine, and several articles have shown a correlation between low vitamin D status and diseases unrelated to bone metabolism. The present review aims to highlight the recent publications that investigated this relationship, bringing the evidence that exists so far in dogs and cats. 相似文献
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H. Titmarsh A.G. Gow S. Kilpatrick J. Sinclair T. Hill E. Milne A. Philbey J. Berry I. Handel R.J. Mellanby 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(6):1473-1478
Background
Dogs with a chronic enteropathy (CE) have a lower vitamin D status, than do healthy dogs. Vitamin D status has been associated with a negative clinical outcome in humans with inflammatory bowel disease.Objectives
To examine the relationship between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations at diagnosis and clinical outcome in dogs with a CE.Animals
Forty‐one dogs diagnosed with CE admitted to the Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, Hospital for Small Animals between 2007 and 2013.Methods
Retrospective review. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were compared between dogs which were alive at follow up or had died because of non‐CE‐related reasons (survivors) and dogs which died or were euthanized due to their CE (non‐survivors). A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine significant predictors of death in dogs with CE.Results
Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D at the time a CE was diagnosed were significantly lower in nonsurvivors (n = 15) (median nonsurvivors 4.36 ng/mL, interquartile range 1.6–17.0 ng/mL), median survivors (n = 26) (24.9 ng/mL interquartile range 15.63–39.45 ng/mL, P < .001). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was a significant predictor of death in dogs with CE (odds ratio 1.08 [95% CI 1.02–1.18)]).Conclusions
Serum 25(OH)D concentrations at diagnosis are predictive of outcome in dogs with CE. The role of vitamin D in the initiation and outcome of chronic enteropathies in dogs is deserving of further study. 相似文献8.
J. J. E. Diehl F. M. Baines A. C. Heijboer J. P. van Leeuwen M. Kik W. H. Hendriks D. G. A. B. Oonincx 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):308-316
The effect of exposure to different UVb compact lamps on the vitamin D status of growing bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) was studied. Forty‐two newly hatched bearded dragons (<24 h old) were allocated to six treatment groups (n = 7 per group). Five groups were exposed to different UVb compact lamps for two hours per day, with a control group not exposed to UVb radiation. At 120 days of age, blood samples were obtained and concentrations of 25(OH)D3, Ca, P and uric acid were determined. In addition, plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration was determined in free‐living adult bearded dragons to provide a reference level. Only one treatment resulted in elevated levels of 25(OH)D3 compared to the control group (41.0 ± 12.85 vs. 2.0 ± 0.0 nmol/L). All UVb‐exposed groups had low 25(OH)D3 plasma levels compared to earlier studies on captive bearded dragons as well as in comparison with the free‐living adult bearded dragons (409 ± 56 nmol/L). Spectral analysis indicated that all treatment lamps emitted UVb wavelengths effective for some cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. None of these lamps, under this regime, appeared to have provided a sufficient UVb dose to enable synthesis of plasma 25(OH)D3 levels similar to those of free‐living bearded dragons in their native habitat. 相似文献
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Kunxuan Huang Jichang Deng Yanyang Yang Na Qiao Zhuowei Zhang Quanwei Li Qingyue Han Hui Zhang Fan Yang Yanju Ji Jianxin Cui Farah Ali Ying Li Zhaoxin Tang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(5):908-915
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diet type (normal or low Ca and P diets) and 25(OH)D3 supplementation (with or with not 2000 IU/kg 25(OH)D3) during late gestation on the serum biochemistry and reproductive performance of aged sows and newborn piglets. A total of 40 sows, which are at their 7th parity, were divided into four groups: control group (standard diet), low Ca group, 25(OH)D3 group and low Ca plus 25(OH)D3 group respectively (10 in each group). The blood of sows on day 100 and 114 of gestation and newborn piglets was collected for serum biochemical analyses. Results showed that the reproductive performance of sows was not influenced by diet type or 25(OH)D3 supplementation (p > 0.05). And the addition of 25(OH)D3 to diet low Ca group caused that the content of serum TG in sows on day 100 of gestation was not different from that of the control group (p > 0.05). The addition of 25(OH)D3 significantly decreases the content of serum TG in sows on day 114 of gestation (p < 0.05). The addition of 25(OH)D3 significantly increased the content of serum UREA and CREA in newborn piglets (p < 0.05). Overall, feeding 2000 IU/kg 25(OH)D3 to aged sows at late gestation had no effects on reproductive performance, but partly contributed to keeping serum TG balance in sows and may indicate increased pressure on kidneys in newborn piglets. 相似文献
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25-OH-D3及1,25-（OH）2-D3是维生素D的真正活性形式,本文对25-OH-D3及1,25-（OH）2-D3的生物学功能、吸收代谢特点和影响因素进行了综述,为为其应用提供理论参考。 相似文献
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1,25（OH）2D3是维生素D的主要活性形式,影响人和动物脂肪形成,为探究其在猪脂肪细胞增殖分化中的作用,试验从3~5日龄仔猪皮下脂肪组织分离培养前体脂肪细胞,并以浓度为0、0.1、1、10、100和1 000 nmol/L的1,25（OH）2D3分别处理,在培养的0、1、2、4、6、8和10 d采用MTT比色法检测细胞增殖活性;在诱导分化后0、1、2、4、6、8和10 d,以油红O染色提取法和实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞成脂分化及分化标志基因过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）和脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）表达。结果显示,0.1和1 nmol/L 1,25（OH）2D3显著促进猪前体脂肪细胞增殖（P<0.05）,而浓度为10~100 nmol/L时则抑制细胞增殖（P<0.05）;0.1和1 nmol/L 1,25（OH）2D3显著抑制猪前体脂肪细胞分化（P<0.05）,降低PPARγ和FAS mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）,但在浓度为10和100 nmol/L时,显著促进猪前体脂肪细胞分化（P<0.05）,上调PPARγ和FAS mRNA表达（P<0.05）;浓度达1 000 nmol/L时,可能对细胞有毒性作用。综合以上结果,低浓度1,25（OH）2D3促进猪前体脂肪细胞增殖,而通过下调PPARγ表达抑制分化;高浓度1,25（OH）2D3抑制猪前体脂肪细胞增殖,通过上调PPARγ表达促进分化。1,25（OH）2D3对猪前体脂肪细胞增殖和分化具有双向作用。 相似文献
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《Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine》2014,23(3):270-276
Vitamin D is an important hormone in vertebrates, and most animals acquire this hormone through their diet and/or exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. To date, no study has determined how chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger) acquire vitamin D. The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to UVB radiation had an effect on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in captive chinchillas. Overall, 10 juvenile chinchillas were used for this scientific investigation. Baseline blood samples were collected from the animals while under isoflurane anesthesia to determine their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. The chinchillas were then randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: Group A, 12 hours of UVB exposure per day and Group B, no UVB exposure. At the end of the study (Day 16), a second blood sample was collected from each animal while again under isoflurane anesthesia to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Mean ± standard deviation serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations differed significantly (P = 0.048) between juvenile chinchillas provided supplemental UVB radiation (189.0 ± 102.7 nmol/L) and those not provided supplemental UVB radiation (87.8 ± 34.4 nmol/L). This study found that exposing juvenile chinchillas to UVB radiation significantly increased their circulating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Because vitamin D is an essential hormone in vertebrates, these findings suggest that the provision of UVB radiation to captive chinchillas may be important. Further research to elucidate the importance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and UVB radiation in captive chinchillas is required. 相似文献
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乳牛口服大量β-胡萝卜素对维生素D3及钙磷代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
６头健康成年荷斯坦乳牛被随机均分为２组。试验组牛第１周每头口服β－胡萝卜素２３．０ｇ,以后每周每头口服１１．５ｇ,对照组不做任何处理。试验期共８周。结果表明,试验组乳牛血清钙及无机磷水平呈下降趋势;血清维生素Ｄ３活性代谢产物２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３和１,２５－（ＯＨ）２－Ｄ３均呈现明显下降;至第５周末,血液β－胡萝卜素水平最高,２５－ＯＨ－Ｄ３水平下降非常明显。据此认为,乳牛对β－胡萝卜素的吸收存在一阈值,大剂量的β－胡萝卜素进入机体,可能直接干扰维生素Ｄ３的羟化,使其活性代谢产物呈下降趋势,但由于吸收阈值的存在,其对维生素Ｄ３和骨骼钙磷代谢的干扰作用可得到一定程度的减缓。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To survey the vitamin D status of a population of Greyhounds in New South Wales, and to establish a reference range for plasma 25(OH)D. To investigate whether any seasonal fluctuation in vitamin D status is detectable in these animals. DESIGN: Vitamin D status was assessed in Greyhounds and crossbred dogs presented to the University of Sydney for teaching purposes over a 24 month period. PROCEDURES: Plasma 25(OH)D concentration was measured as an estimate of vitamin D status. Physical examination and plasma calcium concentration were used to verify the health of the animals, particularly with respect to metabolic bone disease. RESULTS: A plasma 25(OH)D concentration range of 10 to 76 nmol/L was found in healthy adult Greyhounds. There was no sex- or season-dependent variation in vitamin D status in Greyhounds. Concentrations in crossbred dogs did not differ significantly from those in Greyhounds. CONCLUSION: The reference range for plasma 25(OH)D concentration in Greyhound dogs is similar to that previously reported for humans. It would seem that healthy dogs in the Sydney region do not exhibit a seasonal fluctuation in their vitamin D status. 相似文献
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S. J. von Rosenberg G. M. Weber A. Erhardt U. Höller U. A. Wehr W. A. Rambeck 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):371-380
Forty‐eight, cross‐bred (GL × LW × P) piglets were used in a 42‐day tolerance trial to assess the effects of feeding diets supplemented with vitamin D or increasing levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25‐OH‐D3). Six‐week‐old piglets (24 castrate males, 24 females) were used. Two replicate groups of 6 piglets were randomized by weight and allocated to four dietary treatments. The control group (T1) was supplemented with 50 μg vitamin D3/kg feed. The experimental groups received 25‐OH‐D3 at the recommended dose (T2: 50 μg/kg = 1x), at 250 μg/kg (T3: 5x) or at 500 μg/kg (T4: 10x) respectively. Feed intake and daily weight gain were measured weekly, and the animals were examined by a veterinarian daily. After 42 days, body mass, blood, urine, bone and tissue samples were analysed and a pathology examination conducted. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on final body mass or daily weight gain. The 25‐OH‐D3 plasma concentration in T1 was 17 ± 3 ng/ml (mean ± SD) while the respective values of the experimental groups were significantly increased in T2, T3 and T4. Tissue concentrations of 25‐OH‐D3 were higher in liver and muscle for T3 and T4 and in skin for T4 than in T1. However, neither gross pathology nor histology, nor blood and urine characteristics, nor bone parameters were affected by dietary treatments. Weight of organs as well as dry matter, ash and calcium content of kidneys remained unaffected by dietary 25‐OH‐D3 intake. Furthermore, no changes were observed for general indicators of health. The results of this study demonstrated that feeding piglets with 25‐OH‐D3 at 5 or 10 times the recommended level had no adverse effects on any of the biological parameters measured. It was concluded that 25‐OH‐D3 can be regarded as a supplement with a very high safety margin when used at the recommended level. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮维生素D添加形式对种用公猪繁殖性能的影响。选取16头18月龄的约克公猪,随机分成2组,2组饲粮中分别含有50μg/kg维生素D3(VD3)和25-羟基维生素D3(25-OHD_3),每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期16周。结果表明,与VD3组相比:1~16周,25-OHD_3组公猪精子活力和每次射精的有效精子数显著提高(P0.05),而精子畸形率显著降低(P0.05);第112天,25-OHD_3组血浆钙离子(Ca2+)和雌二醇含量及芳香化酶活性显著提高(P0.05),精清25-OHD_3、Ca2+、果糖含量和酸性磷酸酶的活性显著提高(P0.05);25-OHD_3组芳香化酶、维生素D 25-羟化酶、维生素D 24-羟化酶和维生素D受体基因的表达量显著升高(P0.05)。综上所述,与同等水平VD3相比,种公猪饲粮中添加25-OHD_3能更有效增加血浆维生素D含量,从而改善精子的形态和运动能力,提高公猪的繁殖性能。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同剂量25羟基维生素D3[25(OH)VD3]对断奶前犊牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血浆代谢物及粪便菌群的影响。选取18头健康、体重[(40.68±1.20)kg]相近的新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分为3个组,每组6头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,不添加25(OH)VD3;试验组每头犊牛每天分别在基础饲粮中添加6000(低剂量组)和12000 IU(高剂量组)的25(OH)VD3。试验期56 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组体重和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),高剂量组体高显著提高(P<0.05),低剂量组和高剂量组粪便评分显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组干物质表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),高剂量组中性洗涤纤维(P=0.05)和钙表观消化率(P<0.05)显著提高。3)与对照组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组血浆25(OH)VD3和钙含量显著提高(P<0.05),高剂量组血浆磷含量显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组血浆白细胞介素-2含量显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组粪便中毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)和普雷沃式菌科(Prevotellaceae)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),粪便中鼠杆菌科(Muribaculaceae)、克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)、螺旋体科(Spirochaetaceae)和未培养_细菌_o_柔膜菌纲_RF39(uncultured_bacterium_o_Mollicutes_RF39)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加25(OH)VD3可以提高断奶前犊牛生长性能,促进营养物质消化吸收,降低炎症反应,改善粪便菌群,降低腹泻发生。 相似文献