Effect of lactic acid bacteria,molasses, and their combination on the fermentation quality and bacterial community of cassava foliage silage

This study investigated the effects of LAB inoculants (L) and molasses (M) on the microbial community and fermentation quality of cassava foliage (CF). The small segments (about 2–3 cm) CF were ensiled in plastic bags and incubated at normal temperature (25°C). Four treatments were carried out as follows: control (no additives, CK), LAB inoculants (Lactobacillus plantarum, L), molasses (M), and LAB in combination with molasses (LM). The LAB and molasses obviously altered the bacterial community structure of the CF silage and enhanced the fermentation quality. The combination addition could increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and reduce the Pseudomonas. The LAB and molasses also significantly elevated the lactic acid concentration (P < 0.001) and decreased the pH (P < 0.001), as well as the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and ammonia-N (P < 0.05). In addition, the combination treatment displayed more effective results on silage fermentation. The LAB and molasses improved the fermentation quality of the CF silage by altering the bacterial community structure. Furthermore, the bacterial community was significantly correlated with fermentation indexes.     

Silage fermentation and ruminal degradation of stylo prepared with lactic acid bacteria and cellulase

In order to improve the silage fermentation of stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis ) in tropical areas, stylo silages were prepared with commercial additives Lactobacillus plantarum Chikuso‐1 (CH 1), L. rhamnasus Snow Lact L (SN ), Acremonium cellulase (CE ) and their combination as SN +CE or CH 1 + CE , and the fermentation quality, chemical composition and ruminal degradation of these silages were studied. Stylo silages treated with lactic acid bacteria (LAB ) or cellulase, the pH value and NH ₃‐N ? total‐N were significantly (P  <  0.05) decreased while the ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM ), crude protein (CP ), neutral detergent fiber (aNDF om) and acid detergent fiber (ADF om) were significantly (P  <  0.05) increased compared to control. Compared to LAB or cellulase‐treated silages, the DM , CP contents and relative feed value (RFV ), and the ruminal degradability in LAB plus cellulase‐treated silages were significantly (P  <  0.05) higher, but the aNDF om content was significantly (P  <  0.05) lower. CH 1 + CE treatment was more effective in silage fermentation and ruminal degradation than SN +CE treatment. The results confirmed that LAB or LAB plus cellulase treatment could improve the fermentation quality, chemical composition and ruminal degradation of stylo silage. Moreover, the combined treatment with LAB and cellulase may have beneficial synergistic effects on ruminal degradation.     

Fermentation quality and chemical composition of shrub silage treated with lactic acid bacteria inoculants and cellulase additives

Effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and cellulase additives on fermentation quality and chemical compositions of shrub silages were studied by using a small‐scale fermentation system. Two LAB inoculants of Qingbao (Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilacticii, Lactobacillus casei and Clostridium phage) and Caihe (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis and Pediococcus acidilactici) and a commercial cellulase made from Trichoderma reesei were used as additives for intermediate pea‐shrub, rush bushclover, arborescent ceratoides and shrubby silage preparation. The crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and water‐soluble carbohydrate contents of the four shrub materials were 10.1–14.2, 62.6–67.2 and 1.9–3.5% on a dry matter basis, respectively. All shrub silages had pH 3.40–4.43, ammonia‐N 0.1–0.2% g/kg and lactic acid 1.3–2.9% on a fresh matter basis. The silage quality of LAB‐inoculated silages did not have a greater effect than control silages, except shrubby silage preparation. Silages treated with the cellulase, the pH of rush bushclover and shrubby sweetvetch silage were significantly (P < 0.05) lower and the lactic acid content were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the control silages. The results confirmed that shrub contained a relatively high content of crude protein; its silages can be preserved in good quality, and they are new potential resources for livestock feed.     

添加玉米粉和乳酸菌制剂对燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮发酵品质的影响

为探讨添加玉米粉、乳酸菌制剂和玉米粉+乳酸菌制剂对燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播(6∶4)捆裹青贮发酵品质的影响,设置对照、玉米粉(CF)、Sila-Max 200(S)和玉米粉+Sila-Max 200(CF+S)4个处理,在燕麦乳熟期、箭筈豌豆开花期刈割,捆裹青贮后第40,80和120d开包取样,测定青贮料的发酵品质。结果表明:与对照相比,添加剂对燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播捆裹青贮品质影响非常显著。添加玉米粉显著提高了青贮料的水溶性碳水化合物含量,同时其氨态氮、乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸含量在80d时为最高,较对照分别增加了5.72%,288.89%和91.49%。添加Sila-Max 200处理pH迅速下降,青贮80d后低至4.19,乳酸含量显著增加。复合添加效果最优,其pH在80d后较对照下降了9.96%,乳酸含量增加了219.61%,氨态氮含量显著下降;青贮120d后乳酸/乙酸为对照的2.5倍。综上所述,玉米粉和乳酸菌制剂组合添加能更好地改善燕麦与箭筈豌豆混合青贮的发酵品质。     

不同处理方式对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响

试验以籽粒苋为材料,在青贮中分别添加乳酸菌制剂、葡萄糖和甲酸3种添加剂,研究不同的处理方式对籽粒苋青贮动态发酵品质以及营养成分的影响,以明确青贮添加剂对粒苋青贮的作用,为籽粒苋青贮饲料的合理利用提供研究途径。试验设5个处理组:对照组,不加任何添加剂;乳酸菌制剂组,按1kg乳酸菌制剂调制3~4t籽粒苋鲜草装罐;葡萄糖组,添加量为30g/kg;乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖组,添加量与单独添加时一致;甲酸组,添加量为5g/kg。在发酵第1,3,9,30和57天分别开罐取样,检测样品中pH、乳酸、氨态氮、干物质、粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维等指标。结果表明,在籽粒苋青贮同时加入乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖可以快速发酵,产生大量乳酸,迅速降低青贮pH值,显著降低乙酸、中性洗涤纤维含量和氨态氮/总氮(P0.05),并能显著提高干物质和粗蛋白含量(P0.05);加入甲酸可以显著降低乙酸含量(P0.05),对干物质含量没有明显影响(P0.05)。综上所述,籽粒苋通过制作青贮饲料可以保存营养成分,与籽粒苋自然青贮相比,籽粒苋青贮时加入上述青贮添加剂均可不同程度的改善青贮品质,同时加入乳酸菌和葡萄糖对青贮改善效果最佳。     

Screening of antifreeze-thawed lactic acid bacteria and their effects on oat silage fermentation quality and aerobic stability北大核心CSCD

The effects of freeze-thaw conditions on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of oat silage were investigated. Four strains of freeze-thaw-resistant lactic acid bacteria（LAB）with rapid growth and efficient acid production were screened from 437 strains,which had been isolated from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Based on physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment,the four strains were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum 157（LP157）,L. plantarum 160（LP160）,Lactobacillus brevis 248（LB248）,and Lactobacillus pentosus 260（LPE260）. In order to investigate their effects on the fermentation quality,nutrient composition,microbial counts and aerobic stability of oat silage under freeze-thaw conditions,seven treatments were tested as follows：1）LP157;2）LP160;3）LB248;4）LPE260;5）LP160+Lactobacillus rhamnosus 753 mixture （MIX）;6）A commercial bacterial silage additive（COM）;7）The same amount of sterilized distilled water（CK）. All treatments were ensiled for 60 days at a constant temperature of 20 ℃ and under a 20 ℃/-5 ℃ regime alternating every 12 h（freeze-thaw）. LP inoculation improved silage quality：The pH and dry matter loss in silages inoculated with LP157,LP160,LB248 and LPE260 were significantly lower than CK（P<0. 05）and lactic acid and acetic acid contents were significantly higher than CK（P<0. 05）,and the growth of spoilage micro-organisms such as coliform bacteria,yeast and mold were inhibited,both with fermentation at constant 20 ℃ and under freeze-thaw conditions. After aerobic exposure for 5 days,the pH and NH3-N of silages treated with LP157,LP160,LB248 and LPE260 were significantly（P<0. 05） lower than CK,MIX and COM. The aerobic stability of oat silage was improved,especially when inoculated with LP160（70 h vs. CK 11 h）. The results show that the four screened strains can be used as effective LAB inoculants for silage preparation in the freeze-thaw environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. © 2022 Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved.     

添加黄梁木叶和壳寡糖对甘蔗梢青贮饲料发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响

为了探究添加黄梁木叶（NCL）与壳寡糖（CO）对甘蔗梢青贮发酵饲料品质和有氧稳定性的影响,试验设6个处理：无添加（对照,CK）、15%NCL、30%NCL、CO、15%NCL+CO和30%NCL+CO。青贮210 d后结果显示,NCL处理显著降低了饲料pH值（P<0.05）、非蛋白氮和氨态氮含量,显著提高了乳酸、乙酸、粗蛋白和真蛋白含量（P<0.05）。有氧暴露7 d后,NCL处理组的pH值显著降低（P<0.05）、非蛋白氮和氨态氮含量（P<0.01）极显著降低,而粗蛋白含量在NCL和CO处理下极显著增加（P<0.01）。此外,NCL处理还极显著增加了乳酸含量（P<0.01）。30%NCL、15%NCL+CO和30%NCL+CO处理显著提高了（P<0.05）甘蔗梢青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。综上所述,NCL和CO的添加对甘蔗梢青贮饲料的发酵品质和有氧稳定性都有积极的影响,其中以15%NCL+CO处理效果最好。     

添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响

初花期收获的苜蓿(Medicago sativa)经过0、8、32 h的晾晒,添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶进行青贮。结果表明,苜蓿凋萎（干物质含量为38.45%）青贮可以使青贮料的氨态氮含量显著降低,并保存有更多的粗蛋白质,生成更多的乳酸。苜蓿青贮时添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶能明显改善苜蓿青贮料的发酵品质,即降低青贮料的氨态氮含量和保存更多的粗蛋白质以及生成更多的乳酸。晾晒8 h的苜蓿添加乳酸菌（106 cfu/g）和纤维素酶（0.05 g/kg）的青贮效果最好;而晾晒32 h的苜蓿直接青贮的效果最好。     

添加乳酸菌制剂和麸皮对去穗玉米秸秆青贮质量的影响

为阐明乳酸菌制剂和麸皮对去穗玉米秸秆在不同装填时间青贮质量的影响,利用自制青贮发酵桶研究了乳酸菌制剂Sila-Max、Sila-Mix及麸皮和在2种装填时间(1次和3次装填)条件下对去穗玉米秸秆青贮的发酵参数、营养组成、发酵后干物质含量、干物质损失率以及48 h体外干物质消化率的影响。结果表明:密封发酵45 d后,各试验组玉米秸秆青贮质量良好,未添加组中,3 d延迟装填使发酵产物的乙酸、氨氮、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、木质素、钙及干物质损失率分别提高了22.05%、50.00%、10.34%、5.19%、10.92%、20.51%和48.37%,干物质含量降低了7.37%,差异显著(P<0.05);1次装填,同时添加麸皮和Sila-Max组与未添加组相比,使发酵产物的乳酸、粗脂肪和干物质含量分别提高了22.98%、12.46%和5.57%,干物质损失率降低了39.27%,差异显著(P<0.05),添加Sila-Max组干物质含量提高了6.41%,干物质损失率降低了45.80%,差异显著(P<0.05),添加麸皮使粗蛋白含量降低了9.17%,差异显著(P<0.05);3次装填,添加Sila-Max组相比未添加组,使发酵产物的乙酸和木质素含量分别提高10.94%和9.14%,粗脂肪含量降低了11.29%,差异显著(P<0.05),添加麸皮组,使乙酸含量提高10.94%,粗脂肪含量降低了11.29%,差异显著(P<0.05),同时添加麸皮和Sila-Max使产物乙酸、木质素和干物质含量分别提高9.67%、12.13%和6.23%,粗脂肪含量和干物质损失率分别降低了15.81%和26.73%,差异显著(P<0.05);所有处理均未对去穗玉米秸秆青贮的48 h体外干物质消化率产生显著影响(P>0.05)。可见,延迟装填会使去穗玉米秸秆青贮的干物质含量降低,有氧发酵增加,降低发酵品质,增加干物质损失率,1次装填添加Sila-Max及其与麸皮混合添加均可以提高发酵品质,减少营养物质损失,3次装填同时添加Sila-Max和麸皮,不能提高发酵品质,但可以减少营养物质损失。     

甘蔗尾或甘蔗与构树叶混合青贮对其发酵品质的影响

本试验旨在通过混合青贮的方式,探究甘蔗尾或甘蔗与构树叶混合青贮对其发酵品质的影响,为改善广西地区的非常规饲料资源利用率和混合青贮饲料的实际应用提供科学依据和技术支撑.试验1:甘蔗尾与构树叶混合青贮;试验2:甘蔗与构树叶混合青贮.甘蔗尾或甘蔗与构树叶的混合比例分别为100:0、75:25、50:50、25:75、0:10...     

添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响(简报)

初花期收获的苜蓿经过0,8和32 h的晾晒,添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶进行青贮。结果表明,不同干物质含量的苜蓿青贮时,乳酸菌 纤维素酶的添加均能使青贮pH值快速下降;苜蓿半干青贮(干物质含量为38.45%)可使青贮氨态氮含量显著降低,并保存有较多的粗蛋白质,生成较多乳酸,其中以添加乳酸菌106cfu/g 纤维素酶0.05g/kg的青贮效果最好,其青贮综合评定得分最高,达93分。     

青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的应用现状

青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂对改善青贮饲料品质具有显著作用。为了明确目前国内外对乳酸菌饲料添加剂的研究及应用情况,本文对近年来青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的发酵特性,筛选鉴定及应用等方面的研究做了系统的归纳和阐述。目前研究已明确了青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的发酵原理和青贮的过程,研究内容主要包括以下几个方面:1)乳酸菌添加剂本身、环境因素及饲料作物特性这3个方面对发酵产生的影响;2)青贮饲料乳酸菌添加剂的筛选和优良乳酸菌添加至青贮饲料的研究;3)乳酸菌菌株单独添加、与酶制剂或其他功能性微生物混合添加应用研究。综合以上研究,认为未来我国可以对不同生态环境中的乳酸菌资源进行发掘、筛选,并根据草牧业发展的实际需求以及我国现有的农艺,加强乳酸菌加工利用工艺的研发。     

添加乳酸菌和发酵底物对桑叶青贮发酵品质的影响

为开发桑叶作为非常规饲料资源,本试验探讨了添加乳酸菌、葡萄糖或糖蜜对桑叶青贮发酵品质的影响,试验设对照组(C)、乳酸菌组(P)、葡萄糖组(G)、糖蜜组(M)、乳酸菌+葡萄糖组(P+G)、乳酸菌+糖蜜组(P+M),青贮后第7,14,30和60天开窖取样分析桑叶青贮饲料发酵品质。结果表明,添加乳酸菌加速了桑叶青贮过程中乳酸发酵,青贮第7天P,P+G和P+M组乳酸含量已达到C组的6倍以上,pH值降至4.30以下,其中P+G和P+M在青贮结束时降至4.0左右。补充发酵底物并未有效改善桑叶青贮发酵品质,C、G和M组pH值在青贮前30 d始终保持在5.85以上,青贮60 d时C组为5.96,G和M组分别下降至5.35和5.24,显著(P<0.05)高于P组。整个青贮过程中P组显示最高的乙酸含量,始终显著(P<0.05)高于C、G和M组,青贮7 d后开始显著(P<0.05)高于P+G和P+M组。青贮第7天P组氨态氮/总氮显著(P<0.05)低于对照组,之后各组氨态氮/总氮均随青贮时间的延长逐渐上升,其中P、P+G和P+M组氨态氮/总氮显著(P<0.05)低于C、G或M组直至青贮结束。本试验结论认为单独添加乳酸菌明显提高了桑叶青贮发酵品质,而组合添加并未进一步得到大的改善。     

乳酸菌添加剂对王草青贮发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响

为提高王草青贮发酵品质与有氧稳定性,对材料水分含量(高、中、低)和添加剂(无添加:CK;乳酸菌A:LA;乳酸菌B:LB;乳酸菌A与B混合添加:LA+LB)的影响进行了研究。试验结果表明,所有处理的王草发酵品质都良好,中水分含量王草的发酵品质优于高水分和低水分。LA对王草发酵品质无显著影响,但使高、中水分含量王草发酵品质达到最佳。LB与LA+LB显著增加了高、中水分含量王草的pH值(P<0.05),极显著降低了乳酸/乙酸、乳酸/总酸和乳酸含量 (P<0.01),明显增加了乙酸含量。青贮开封后,LB与LA+LB处理的王草青贮料有氧稳定性较好。     

同/异质型乳酸菌添加对全株玉米青贮发酵特性、营养品质及有氧稳定性的影响

本试验旨在探讨同/异质型乳酸菌对全株青贮玉米发酵特征、营养品质及微生物的影响,为改善青贮玉米青贮的发酵特性,提高其营养品质和有氧稳定性开辟新途径。试验采用真空袋法调制全株青贮玉米,添加不同的乳酸菌菌剂发酵全株青贮玉米,处理分别为:不添加任何菌剂(CK);复合同质型乳酸菌菌剂植物乳杆菌+戊糖片球菌(T),添加量为1∶1,1×10⁵ cfu/g;异质型乳酸菌菌剂布氏乳杆菌(Y),添加量为4×10⁵ cfu/g和复合同、异质型乳酸菌(T+Y)。通过对4个处理发酵第60天发酵特性、营养品质、微生物含量以及开袋第5天有氧稳定性、微生物含量和CO₂产气量的测定。结果表明,发酵第60天各指标按大小排序,pH为T+Y>T>CK>Y(P=0.001),乳酸含量为T+Y>Y>T>CK(P=0.095),氨态氮含量为T+Y>Y>T>CK(P=0.011),乙酸含量为Y>T+Y>CK>T(P=0.032),酵母菌数量为T+Y>T>Y>CK(P=0.023),霉菌数量为T+Y>T>Y>CK(P=0.028),干物质含量为T+Y>T>Y>CK(P=0.020),可溶性糖含量为CK>T+Y>Y>T(P=0.190),中性洗涤纤维含量为Y>CK>T+Y>T(P=0.001),酸性洗涤纤维含量为CK>T>Y>T+Y(P=0.730),粗灰分含量为T+Y>T>Y>CK(P=0.030),对于好氧细菌、乳酸菌数量、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤木质素、淀粉、粗脂肪含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。开袋第5天各指标按大小排序pH为T+Y>T>CK>Y(P=0.001),CO₂产气量为CK>T>Y>T+Y(P=0.007),霉菌数量为T+Y>Y>T>CK(P=0.001),有氧稳定性为Y>T+Y>CK>T(P=0.021),对于好氧细菌、乳酸菌和酵母菌数量无显著影响(P>0.05)。采用隶属函数法综合各项指标进行评价,各处理按优劣排序为Y(0.652)>T+Y(0.528)>CK(0.492)>T(0.441)。     

添加乳酸菌和糖蜜对全株构树和稻草混合青贮的影响

以全株构树和稻草为原料,按照鲜重质量比10∶0(A组)、9∶1(B组)、8∶2(C组)、7∶3(D组)混合调制青贮饲料。各混合比例设无添加剂(CK)、糖蜜组(T)、乳酸菌组(GLP5)及糖蜜+乳酸菌组(T+GLP5),青贮60 d分析发酵品质和营养成分。结果表明:各混合比例糖蜜添加组(T、T+GLP5)的pH值和氨态氮/总氮与对照组相比显著降低(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),GLP5与CK处理相比,pH值和氨态氮/总氮显著降低(P<0.05);B处理组乳酸和乙酸含量显著高于C、D组(P<0.05)。各混合比例添加剂处理组中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和半纤维素均降低,A、B及D组T、T+GLP5处理中性洗涤纤维、半纤维素显著降低(P<0.05),C组T处理中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和半纤维素含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,全株构树与稻草混合青贮时选用糖蜜添加组(T、T+GLP5),同时选用9∶1的混合比例较适宜。     

乳酸菌对苜蓿草粉发酵品质的影响

通过为期60d的发酵,探讨添加乳酸菌对苜蓿(Medicago sativa)草粉发酵品质的影响。试验设4个处理,分别为添加无菌水(对照)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum,LP)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium,EF)和植物乳杆菌+屎肠球菌(LP+EF)发酵苜蓿草粉,设5个时间点采样进行相关项目测定。结果表明,与对照组相比,发酵60d时各试验组发酵苜蓿草粉的评分提高,总酸含量显著升高(P0.05),pH显著降低;LP、LP+EF和对照组的干物质含量明显低于EF组;各试验组酸性洗涤纤维含量明显低于对照组;有氧暴露7d后,各试验组的pH均显著低于对照组、总酸含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),且只有对照组中检测到酵母菌(Saccharomycetes)和霉菌(Mycete)。综上可知,添加乳酸菌对苜蓿草粉的发酵品质、稳定性及营养组成具有良好的改善作用。     

乳酸菌和烷基多糖苷对玉米秸秆黄贮品质及其体外发酵特性影响研究

研究玉米秸秆中添加乳酸菌和烷基多糖苷时对其黄贮品质与体外发酵特性的影响。采用3×3双因素试验设计,即乳酸菌设3个水平(0、1×10¹⁰、2×10¹⁰ CFU·kg^-1),烷基多糖苷设3个水平(0、0.10、0.20 g·kg^-1),每个处理3个重复。玉米秸秆黄贮完成后,采用体外发酵技术评定其瘤胃发酵特性。结果表明:随乳酸菌添加水平的上升,黄贮玉米秸乳酸含量、比表面积、外观总评分、酸性洗涤纤维和干物质含量显著(P<0.05)提高,氨氮/总氮显著(P<0.05)降低,体外发酵潜在最大产气量显著(P<0.05)增加、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度极显著(P<0.01)增加、产气速率显著(P<0.05)降低;随烷基多糖苷添加水平的升高,黄贮玉米秸外观总评分、酸性洗涤纤维和干物质含量、以及体外发酵后Zeta电位、电子迁移率及干物质消失率显著(P<0.05)升高;黄贮玉米秸粗蛋白质、pH值、乙酸和异丁酸含量以及体外发酵后丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸和异戊酸的摩尔百分比受乳酸菌与烷基多糖苷交互作用(P<0.05)的影响。结果表明:乳酸菌添加量为2×10¹⁰ CFU·kg^-1,烷基多糖苷添加量为0.2 g·kg^-1时,既能够保证玉米秸秆较好的黄贮品质,同时又能提高其降解特性。     

糖蜜对不同比例干稻草和王草混合青贮品质的影响

为探究添加糖蜜对不同比例干稻草和王草混合青贮品质的影响,试验设定四个不同比例干稻草和王草混合,添加干稻草比例分别为0％(T1组)、10％(T2组)、20％(T3组)、30％(T4组),并分别对青贮料做无添加处理和糖蜜添加处理.结果 表明:随着稻草比例的增加,粗蛋白质(P＜ 0.001)、粗脂肪(P＜0.05)呈下降趋势...     

添加乳酸菌和菠萝皮对柱花草青贮品质的影响

柱花草是热带、亚热带的优质豆科牧草,蛋白含量高、营养品质好,为促进柱花草的加工利用,本试验研究了添加不同乳酸菌和菠萝皮对其青贮发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响。青贮处理为CK(对照)、LQ(青贮宝)、LF(发酵乳杆菌)、LP(植物乳杆菌)、LS(鼠李糖乳杆菌)、B(20%菠萝皮)、BLQ(B+LQ)、BLF(B+LF)、BLP(B+LP)、BLS(B+LS)。添加处理后青贮60 d进行分析。结果表明,柱花草含有较少的可溶性碳水化合物和乳酸菌,自然青贮其pH超过5.0,发酵品质差;所有添加物都显著降低pH、增加乳酸含量(P＜0.05),明显改善了柱花草青贮料的发酵品质。单独添加菠萝皮的丁酸和NH₃-N含量显著高于所有单独添加乳酸菌(P＜0.05),pH与LP以外的其他3种乳酸菌差异不显著(P＞0.05)。除LP的乙酸含量较高,丁酸含量较低外,4种乳酸菌对其他各个发酵指标的影响没有显著差异(P＞0.05)。本试验所用4种乳酸菌与菠萝皮混合添加,都进一步改善了柱花草青贮料的发酵品质,特别是BLP的青贮效果最佳,其pH值、乙酸和NH₃-N含量低,乳酸含量及乳酸与乙酸比高。青贮袋开封后,包括对照在内的所有青贮料的有氧稳定性均较佳。