纸板方格蔟自动上蔟技术

蚕茧质量提高的一个重要技术措施 ,就是改良蔟具和有利于加强蔟中管护。通过科学实验 ,生产实践 ,纸板方格蔟是提高蚕茧质量的一种优良蔟具 ,应该在蚕茧生产中广泛地推广应用。我县于 1 998年 ,1 999年开始试点推广 ,又于 2 0 0 0年～ 2 0 0 2年在洗泽乡、高灯镇、玉龙镇建设蚕业产业化基地进一步推广 ,蚕农、干部易于接受 ,受到了欢迎 ,效果比较显著。1　纸板方格蔟上蔟前的处理1 1　新纸板方格蔟处理首先清除异味 (胶水味 ) ,可采用太阳光曝晒 2～ 3天 ;喷洒桑叶水 ;桑叶覆盖 ;柏垭熏烟等方法。再绑扎好双联方格蔟片 ,就是将两个单片的纸…     

方格蔟上蔟管理技巧

提高蚕茧质量是提高茧丝绸行业整体效益的重要基础,蚕业界通过改良桑蚕品种,推广科学养蚕技术,使蚕茧质量得到不断提高.本文就如何通过全面推广规范化方格蔟上蔟技术,加强蔟中管理,促进蚕茧质量的提高作一些探讨.     

上蔟环境影响桑蚕茧解舒的机理及提高蚕茧解舒率的研究

通过对上蔟环境与蚕茧解舒及茧丝质的关系、茧层丝胶的胶凝特性与胶粘功能的关系的系统研究,解明了上蔟环境蚕茧解舒的机理。通过提高蚕茧解舒率的农村生产试验,验证了蚕茧解舒理论,取得较大经济效益。     

方格蔟自动上蔟技术

介绍了纸板方格蔟自动上蔟技术,其中包括蔟具规格、上蔟准备和操作、蔟中管理、采茧贮运和方格蔟的消毒保管等内容.     

应用方格蔟上蔟技术

方格蔟与花蔟等旧蔟具相比具有上茧率高、次下茧少、茧衣毛少、茧层量高、蔟室省和花工少等优点。应用方格蔟上蔟能增加产量 ,提高茧的等级 ,提高养蚕的经济效益 ,是近年来推广的一种上蔟新技术 ,现将方格蔟上蔟技术介绍如下 :1　搭建蔟架用一些粗细均匀的木条或竹片搭建挂蔟架 ,蔟架宽 6 0 cm,高 1 6 0 cm,设两层 ,第一层离地面高约 90 cm,第二层离第一层高约 6 5cm。养一张蚕用 1 6 2孔方格蔟 1 80～ 2 0 0片 ,需挂蔟架长 2 5m(计单层长度 )。2　制作挂式蔟片将一条长 70 cm、宽 3cm、厚 1 .3cm的木条或竹条与方格蔟的短边框用铁线均匀地…     

方格蔟上蔟环境与洁净等茧丝质量的关系

湿度会影响出丝率和生丝强力、伸度 ,多湿时出丝率低、生丝强力低 ,适湿时出丝率高、生丝伸度好 ;过高过低的温度都会影响生丝洁净成绩 ,而高温对生丝洁净的影响更大一些。在合理的上蔟环境中使用方格蔟才能获得出丝率高、洁净成绩优、生丝强伸度好的优质蚕茧     

缩皱与蚕茧解舒的关系

通过调查优良蚕品种在不同上蔟环境中结成的蚕茧缩皱,发现市温多湿环境中上蔟的蚕茧缩皱粗、乱、深,茧层丝溶推率较低,解舒率。适温环境中上蔟的蚕茧缩皱细、齐、浅,丝脱溶推率市,解舒优。缩皱粗细与解舒率、解舒丝长吁极显著的正相关性。     

雄蚕茧不同烘茧方法的试验

对于雄蚕茧,常规的烘茧工艺可以达烘茧的要求,影响解舒率的最主要因子,还是族中的环境条件。     

上簇日数与烘茧温度对蚕茧解舒率的影响研究

为了解和掌握采茧时期和烘茧温度对蚕茧解舒的影响,对常规饲养的两广二号蚕茧进行烘干处理试验,结果表明:上簇第7天烘茧最好,烘茧温度为105℃时解舒率最高。在实际生产中,要适时采茧,上簇足7日始烘茧,同时要防止高温急烘和低温闷烘。     

上蔟环境对茧质形成的影响研究——1.上蔟环境对蚕茧外观形质的影响

通过调查不同上蔟环境中所结蚕茧的性状,发现合理上蔟环境中所结的蚕茧茧质优;而不合理上蔟环境中所结的蚕茧次下茧多,且茧形小,茧色差、缩皱粗、乱、深,丝胶溶失率低,解舒差。     

上蔟环境对制丝原料茧质影响的探讨

通过对不同优良蚕品种在不同的上蔟环境中吐丝面结成的蚕茧性状的调查，发现在合理的环境中上蔟时，茧形大，上茧率高，缩皱细，茧丝的强力大，伸度适当，净度成绩好。而在其他环境中上蔟，都不同程度地对茧丝品质有影响，特别是多湿环境上蔟时对茧质性关的影响最大。因此上蔟环境的合理控制是生产优质原料茧的有效途径。     

茧丝的解舒与影响因素分析

蚕茧解舒的好坏,同时受蚕品种内在特性和外部条件的影响。不同蚕品种,由于其茧丝的化学组成、不同种类氨基酸的含量及茧丝纤维结构上的差异,蚕茧解舒效果不一。影响蚕茧解舒的外部环境因素主要是湿度、温度和气流,其中湿度是最主要的因素。外界因素对解舒的影响主要发生在蔟中保护和蚕茧收烘阶段。通过控制蔟中温湿气环境因素和改善蚕茧收烘工艺,可以有效提高蚕茧解舒率。     

蚕茧生产、收烘、仓储等环节对蚕茧解舒影响的研究

蚕茧解舒是衡量蚕茧质量优劣最重要的指标之一,与缫丝工业关系非常密切。本文根据近几年来淳安县蚕茧生产的实际情况,分析了蚕品种、营茧气候、收烘处理、仓储等环节与蚕茧解舒的关系。     

白术、微米白术和白术多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道形态及微生态区系的影响

试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。     

Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.