猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用惠几种糖代谢酶的组织化学研究

本研究采用酶组织化学法测定了猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用下几种糖代谢酶（6－磷酸葡萄糖醛、 琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶）的活性，研究了猪囊尾坳的糖代谢基本规律和两种药物（阿苯达唑、奥芬达唑）对其糖代谢的影响。结果表明，猪囊尾蚴存在类似于其他蠕虫的糖代谢通路，具有糖无氧分解、逆向三羧酸循环和糖异生途径。两种药物使猪囊虫体内的6－磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶及乳酸脱氢酶活性代偿性增强，说明药物首先抑制糖有氧分解途径，然后糖分解代谢受到全面抑制，致使虫体能量耗竭，直到死亡。奥芬达唑对体内各时期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用较优，且对未成熟期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用优于成熟期。     

猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用下几种糖代谢酶的组织化学研究

本研究采用酶组织化学法测定了猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用下几种糖代谢酶(6-磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶)的活性,研究了猪囊尾蚴的糖代谢基本规律和两种药物(阿苯达唑、奥芬达唑)对其糖代谢的影响.结果表明,猪囊尾蚴存在类似于其他蠕虫的糖代谢通路,具有糖无氧分解、逆向三羧酸循环和糖异生途径.两种药物使猪囊虫体内的6-磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶及乳酸脱氢酶活性代偿性增强,说明药物首先抑制糖有氧分解途径,然后糖分解代谢受到全面抑制,致使虫体能量耗竭,直至死亡.奥芬达唑对体内各时期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用较优,且对未成熟期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用优于成熟期.     

猪带绦虫六钩蚴和未成熟期整尾蚴生化指标的变化

本试验检测了六钩蚴和猪体内发育至30日的囊尾蚴的18项生化指标，结果显示，在六钩蚴阶段有部分生化指标未能检测到，而在猪体内发育30日龄的囊尾蚴则全部检测到，提示在六钩蚴阶段虫体处于休眠状态态，由六钩蚴到未成熟期囊尾蚴是各个生化代谢通路的激活过程。     

猪囊尾蚴的血卟啉沉着

在肉检中常见猪囊尾蚴体内有一种红色的小颗粒,为此做了实验研究,现将其结果报导如下:一、猪囊尾蚴中发现的红色小颗粒猪囊尾蚴中的红色颗粒,多发现在发育成熟的囊尾蚴体内,透过虫体的半透明膜,可见在乳白色的头节上,长着一个或偶尔也有二个以上的粟粒大,常为帽针头     

抗囊虫药物对体外培养未成熟期猪囊尾蚴生化指标的影响

本实验首先从人工感染后30d患猪囊尾蚴病的猪分离未成熟期猪囊尾蚴，用PRMI1640完全培养液培养，分为4组，除1组作为对照组外，其余3组分别加入囊效0号（NX0），囊效1号（NX1），囊效2号（NX2）三种药物。置于培养箱中培养。通过监测能量代谢、糖代谢等不同代谢途径的酶及代谢物的变化。结果表明，药物通过抑制糖类物质代谢及能量代谢进而干扰其他代谢途径，从而杀灭虫体。实验中使用的三种药物对体外培养的未成熟期囊尾蚴均有效，而且NX1药效优于NX0、NX2。     

天津实验动物所攻克“猪囊虫病”

由天津实验动物研究所张中庸、李靓如两位教授主持的“猪囊尾蚴细胞疫苗开发研究”课题取得突破，此项高新技术已由实验室推进到工业化生产，为在全国以至全世界消灭猪囊虫病创造了有利条件。据有关专家介绍：猪囊尾蚴病即猪囊虫病，是一种人兽交互感染的寄生虫疾病，目前在我国和全世界的感染率呈上升趋势。为了解决这一世界性难题，我国将“猪囊尾蚴细胞疫苗开发研究”列入国家“九五”重点科技攻关项目。在张中庸、李靓如两位教授的主持下，通过大量的动物实验，积累了猪囊虫病的宝贵资料。项目组经过田间实验、中间试制和区域实验，终于…     

猪带绦虫囊尾蚴体内发育过程中ATPase活性的变化

本研究测定了体内发育过程中猪囊尾蚴钠钾三磷酸腺苷酸（Na^ K^ -ATPase)、钙三磷酸腺苷酸（Ca^ -ATPase)和镁三磷酸腺苷酸（Mg^ -ATPase)活性变化，结果表明囊壁部的Na^ K^ -ATPase和头颈部Ca^ -ATPase活性在体内发育60、80、95天高于或显著高于体内发育30、40天。提示随虫体生长发育相应代谢通路加强。     

离体猪囊尾蚴在不同环境中抵抗力观察

对不同条件下猪囊尾蚴的孵化和存活情况进行了观察。猪囊尾蚴在50℃以上水浴加热3min,—10℃以下冰冻24h和pH9.6的环境中及2.5％以上的盐水中皆可失去活力。pH7.0以下的环境可抑制囊尾蚴的发育,但遇适宜的环境可再度发育。pH7.4到8.4,温度37—40℃,含25％胆汁的生理盐水的环境对猪囊尾蚴的发育最为适宜。     

猪囊虫病诊断及防治

猪囊虫病又称猪囊尾蚴病,是由猪带绦虫寄生于人体小肠所引起的肠寄生虫病.其幼虫为猪的囊尾蚴,寄生于猪、野猪等中间宿主引起的动物寄生虫病.其症状因寄生部位不同而异,主要寄生在横纹肌,亦见于其它实质器官和组织,如肩胛外侧肌、臂肌、咬肌、腰肌、腹内斜肌、膈肌、舌肌和心肌以及脑、眼、淋巴结、胃壁、食道和肺脏等处.猪囊尾蚴在猪体内可寄生3∽5年,一般猪感染虫卵后约经60∽70 d即发育为成熟的囊尾蚴,大小为5 mm×（8∽10）mm,呈乳白色椭圆的半透明囊体,内充满囊液,头节倒缩囊内.囊尾蚴寄生的猪肉俗称“豆猪肉”或“米糁肉”.     

猪囊尾蚴重组抗原和基因工程疫苗的研究进展

猪囊尾蚴病（Cysticercosis）是由猪带绦虫的幼虫囊尾蚴寄生于人或猪等而引起的人畜共患寄生虫病,是公认的世界经济病之一。严重威胁着人体健康,并给畜牧业造成重大经济损失,猪囊尾蚴病的免疫防治势在必行。然而在猪囊尾蚴病疫苗研究中,疫苗抗原的选择和来源一直困扰着兽医工作者。该文就近年来猪囊尾蚴病诊断重组抗原和基因工程疫苗的分子生物学研究进展进行了综述。     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍.对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述.     

国内生态恢复研究进展

本文介绍了生态恢复的研究进展,从生态恢复的定义、退化生态系统的指标等方面进行阐述,重点对国内在恢复生态学方面的进展做了介绍。对当前的人工草地、草地农业的研究情况做了一些概述。     

Veterinary pathology in Europe in the light of the congresses of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology in the last decade

This paper presents the main trends in the activity of European veterinary pathologists in the context of their oral presentations (plenary lectures and short presentations) and posters provided during annual meetings of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology (ESVP), in the decade 1997-2006. It was found that the issue that was most often brought up in the meetings was organ pathology (566 presentations). Infectious and parasitical diseases were only slightly less frequent (548 presentations). Oncology was another common issue (404 presentations). During this decade, 52 plenary lectures were presented, 765 oral presentations and 1 072 posters. Altogether, 1 889 presentations were made, which is between 127 and 238 per year. Research by Polish scientists accounted for 3.16% of all presentations. Additionally, the subject matter discussed at the annual meetings is analysed, and the trends in the development of veterinary diagnostic pathology and broad pathology education are indicated. It is shown that veterinary pathology enhances knowledge in the field of veterinary medicine by fulfilling a cognitive and diagnostic role.     

Application of the log-linear model in the prediction of the antinuclear antibody test in the dog

To find possible associations between antinuclear antibody (ANA) pattern, ANA titer, and certain clinical changes and clinical laboratory test results in dogs, the veterinary medical records of 111 ANA-positive and 126 ANA-negative dogs were examined. Variables could not be found that had significant associations with ANA pattern (unlike the results in persons), because of the predominance of 2 patterns. A log-linear model for ANA titer adequately fit the observed frequency and included 2-way interactions between titer and polyarthritis, titer and hematologic disorders, and polyarthritis and lymphadenopathy.     

Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog

Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum.     

Disturbance in the growth of the radius in dogs

In a 4-year period nine dogs have been met in which there was incomplete growth of the radius. The condition was unilateral in eight dogs and bilateral in one. Two were littermates. The defect is due to premature cessation of growth of the distal growth plate of the radius but the cause of this is not precisely known. It is recognized by characteristic radiographic changes in radius length, elbow joint space and premature closure of the distal growth plate of the radius. A method of surgical treatment has been devised and has proved beneficial in five dogs. Zusammenfassung. In einer Vierjahresperiode wurden neun Hunde beobachtet, bei denen ein unvollständiges Wachstum des Radius vorlag. Bei acht Hunden war der Zustand nur auf einer Seite zu finden, bei einem Hund auf beiden Seiten. Zwei der Hunde gehörten zum gleichen Wurf. Der Mangel ist auf verfrühte Wachstumseinstellung der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius zurückzuführen, jedoch ist die Ursache davon nicht genau bekannt. Er wird an charakteristischen radiographischen Veränderungen der Radiuslänge, des Ellbogengelenkzwischenraums und vorzeitigem Abschluss der distalen Wachstumsplatte des Radius erkannt. Es wurde eine chirurgische Behandlungsmethode entwickelt, die sich bei fünf Hunden als nutzlich erwies. Résumé. Au cows d'une période de 4 ans on a observé 9 cas de croissance incomplète du radius chez des chiens; l'anomalie était unilatérale dans 8 cas et bilatérale dans un cas; deux chiens appartenaient à la même portée. L'anomalie est due à l'arrêt prématuré de croissance de la plaque de croissance distale du radius, mais la cause n'en est pas encore connue d'une manière précise. Le diagnostic se fait par les signes radiologiques caractéristiques, modifications de la longueur du radius, de l'articulation du coude et soudure prématurée de la plaque de croissance du radius. On a élaboré une méthode de traitement chirurgical, qui s'est montrée favorable chez 5 chiens.     

Modelling the transmission of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs in the northwest and in the southwest of Morocco

Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) infection was studied in 151 dogs in two regions of Morocco: 68 dogs in the northwest (Loukkos) and 83 dogs in the southwest (Tiznit). The mean prevalence rates of echinococcosis in dogs were 58.82% (46.23-70.63%) in Loukkos and 55.42% (44.10-66.34%) in Tiznit and the mean abundances of E. granulosus per dog were 75 (59-93) and 547 (504-595), respectively. The mean abundance of E. granulosus in dogs was fitted to a negative binomial distribution by the maximum likelihood techniques to define parameters. E. granulosus was aggregated in dogs in the two regions. The prevalence of infection and the abundance of E. granulosus in dogs were fitted to mathematical models in order to determine if the parasite population is partly regulated by definitive host immunity. The best fit was obtained with the models assuming the presence of immunity. The mean time of exposure to infection was similar in the two regions and ranged from 8 months to about 2 years. The infection pressures (number of E. granulosus) obtained per dog each year were 65 (8-294) in Loukkos and 476 (316-886) in Tiznit. The proportion of dogs susceptible to infection was still high along the life of the dogs in Loukkos, while it was not different from zero in old dogs of Tiznit.