Solar photo-inactivation of phytopathogens by trace level hydrogen peroxide and titanium dioxide photocatalysis

Plant pathogenic bacteria in recirculated greenhouse water were inactivated by two distinct photochemical approaches: photo-inactivation in the presence of 0.005% to 0.01% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and photocatalytic inactivation with 0.01% titanium dioxide (TiO₂). In both processes photo-inactivation is achieved by exposure to sunlight. Total inactivation, with 6–8 log units decrease in viable counts, was achieved in the study of the phytopathogensErwinia carotovora (E.c.), Clavibacter michiganensis (C.m.) andPseudomonas syringae pv.tomato (P.t.) by 10 to 30 min solar irradiation, in the presence of 0.15 to 0.3 mM (50–100 mgl ⁻¹) H₂O₂. Different responses of the examined pathogens towards TiO₂ photo-inactivation were noticed. Whereas 10 min of solar illumination in the presence of both 100 mgl ⁻¹ H₂O₂ and 100 mgl ⁻¹ TiO₂ resulted in total inactivation ofP.t. andE.c., this treatment had no effect onC.m. However, with traces of H₂O₂ (e.g. 50–100 mgl ⁻¹), and in the absence of TiO₂,C.m. was deactivated by 20 min of solar irradiation.P.t. was fully inactivated in the dark by H₂O₂ at 3,000 mgl ⁻¹ (0.3%), but not with H₂O₂ at ≤ 1000 mgl ⁻¹. Also, no inactivation occurred with solar illumination in the absence of H₂O₂. The mechanism of the bactericidal photoreaction and the special significance of plant pathogen inactivation by natural sunlight in the presence of trace levels of H₂O₂ is discussed. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 20, 2005.     

基于Fe3O4/ZrO2磁性纳米颗粒选择性富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测蔬菜中痕量有机磷研究

研究了磁性纳米微粒Fe3O4(核)/ZrO2(壳)(以Fe3O4@ZrO2表示)对有机磷(OPs)农药的选择性吸附性能。利用其富集水相中的OPs并在外加磁场下分离,采用氢氧化钠洗脱,建立了采用纳米Fe3O4@ZrO2磁性分离富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定蔬菜中痕量OPs的新方法。以甲胺磷为OPs模拟物,考察了Fe3O4@ZrO2的用量、吸附时间、洗脱剂种类、浓度和共存物质等因素对OPs分离富集效率的影响。结果表明:在pH =7.0时,选用0.5 g Fe3O4@ZrO2富集200 mL含0.1 mg/L的甲胺磷水样,振荡2 h后,甲胺磷可被Fe3O4@ZrO2完全富集,经10 mL 1 mol/L的氢氧化钠洗脱1 h,采用ICP-AES法测定,对OPs的检测限(3 σ )可达4.4 μ g/L。样品添加回收率在99% ~115%之间,相对标准偏差为3.5% ~7.8%(n=4)。由于用ICP-AES法测定蔬菜中的OPs时,蔬菜中的蛋白、色素、纤维等基质几乎无干扰,因而省去了用有机溶剂萃取的过程。由于Fe3O4@ZrO2对OPs的富集倍数可达20~100倍,使得该方法的检测限低于常规气相色谱法,且可用于热稳定性差、无紫外吸收的OPs分析。该方法简单准确、精密度好,可以满足蔬菜表面痕量OPs残留的分离和测定。     

氰在禾谷类粮食中的吸附与降解

利用静态法研究了氰(C_2N_2)在禾谷类粮食中的吸附与降解过程,采用气相色谱法分析了C_2N_2在粮食中的吸附、残留和挥发行为,采用流动注射分析仪(FIA)测定了C_2N_2在粮食中可能的降解产物。结果表明:粮食对C_2N_2有较强的吸附能力,熏蒸1h,90%以上的C_2N_2被粮食吸附,其吸附能力为稻谷高梁玉米大麦小麦,同时C_2N_2在粮食中可降解为氰化氢(HCN)。通风后,C_2N_2及其降解产物HCN从粮食中缓慢挥发,其中C_2N_2从小麦和大麦中挥发的速率高于玉米、高梁和稻谷,HCN从小麦、大麦、玉米和高梁中挥发的速率高于稻谷。C_2N_2及其降解产物HCN在粮食中的消解动态符合一级动力学指数模型,通风后在小麦、大麦、玉米、高梁和稻谷中的半衰期(t_(1/2)),C_2N_2分别为1.82、2.57、2.81、1.97和2.98 d,HCN分别为4.46、4.30、4.01、3.94和5.26d。C_2N_2在粮食中可降解为NH_4~+和HCN,同时产生少量的NO_3~-和NO_2~-。C_2N_2在不同粮食中的降解产物存在差异,在小麦和玉米中检测到HCN、NH_4~+、NO_3~-和NO_2~-4种降解产物,在稻谷中检测到HCN、NH_4~+和NO_3~-3种降解产物,而在大麦和高梁中仅检测到HCN和NH_4~+两种降解产物。     

Mycorrhizal protection of chili plants challenged by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora capsici</Emphasis>

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been implicated in many stress conditions. Control of H₂O₂ levels is complex and dissection of mechanisms generating and relieving H₂O₂ stress is difficult, particularly in intact plants. Here the role of the mycorrhizal inoculation in chili plants challenged with Phytophthora capsici was investigated to study the effect on hypersensitive response. In the treatment without mycorrhiza (treatment T3) and with mycorrhiza (considered treatment T4) visible disorders were detected two days after inoculation with P. capsici, but in the next days T3 plants rapidly developed 25% more necrotic lesions on the leaves than T4 plants. Leaf necrosis correlated with H₂O₂ accumulation and the greater damage observed in T3 plants coincided with larger accumulation of H₂O₂ after 12 h of inoculation accompanied with an increase in POX (peroxidase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity. T4-infected and mycorrhizal plants exhibited an earlier accumulation of H₂O₂ starting 6 h after inoculation with lower levels compared to T3 plants. Correlated with observed damage, POX and SOD activity measured in T4 plants indirectly suggest a smaller accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) leading to a decrease in the wounds observed and slightly diminishing the advance of the pathogen. According to these findings, we conclude that mycorrhizal colonization contributes significantly in maintaining the redox balance during oxidative stress, but the exact mechanism is still uncertain.     

外源赤霉素对厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片早衰与内源激素含量的影响

采用全株叶片喷施外源赤霉素 (GA₃) 的方法,以黄瓜品种‘迎春’为试材,通过对黄瓜坐果节位叶片中的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、抗氧化酶活性、活性氧及内源激素含量等各项生理指标及果实品质指标进行测定,探究GA₃对厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片早衰及内源激素含量变化的调控作用,为延缓厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片早衰并提高其果实产量和品质提供理论依据。结果显示:与对照相比,叶面喷施50、100和150 mg/L的外源GA₃水溶液可不同程度地增加坐果节位叶片中的叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量,提高其抗氧化酶活性,降低超氧阴离子产生速率,减缓丙二醛含量的增长,同时抑制脱落酸的增长,提升生长素、赤霉素和玉米素核苷水平,最终显著改善果实产量和品质。通过叶面喷施适宜浓度外源GA₃,对厚皮甜瓜坐果节位叶片抗氧化酶系统和内源激素含量的调控产生积极影响,从而延缓叶片早衰并提高果实产量和品质。在本试验条件下,喷施100 mg/L的外源GA₃水溶液延缓早衰效果最佳,且在各个时期能够使坐果叶片内脱落酸含量分别平均降低19.22%,玉米素核苷、生长素和内源赤霉素含量分别平均升高14.60%、23.50%和56.13%。     

苯甲酰脲类化合物的合成及杀虫活性

对2-氨基-5-芳基-1,3,4- 口 恶 二唑的合成进行了深入研究,找到了一种基于HBr-H2O2 体系的绿色合成新方法,并以此为中间体,合成了18个未见报道的苯甲酰脲类目标化合物,所有化合物均通过核磁共振、高分辨质谱、红外光谱的分析鉴定。生物活性测试结果表明,在500 mg/L浓度下该系列目标化合物均未表现出显著的杀虫活性。     

短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的影响

为探明短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)的影响,采用耐热能力测定方法,研究了亚洲玉米螟经6 h高温处理后的半数致死温度(LT50)、存活率以及不同高温下的半数致死时间(Lt50)。结果表明,经6 h高温处理后,亚洲玉米螟卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的LT50分别为40.24~40.44、38.59和42.84~44.54℃;当卵、初孵幼虫、1日龄和3日龄成虫分别在37、35、41和37℃时,其存活率与对照均无显著差异,而分别在39、37、43和39℃时,其存活率显著低于对照,卵、初孵幼虫、1日龄和3日龄成虫的短时高温阈值分别为37~39、35~37、41~43和37~39℃;当温度高于高温阈值时,卵、初孵幼虫和成虫的Lt50分别为0.38~6.31、0.22~8.35和3.80~24.15h,且雄成虫的Lt50小于雌成虫。研究表明,短时极端高温对亚洲玉米螟的存活率具有显著影响。     

基于根系特征分析海岛棉幼苗耐碱性

针对海岛棉幼苗期进行耐碱性研究,设置不同Na₂CO₃胁迫浓度(0.00%、0.07%、0.09%和0.11%),待幼苗长至第11天根据其根部特征筛选海岛棉耐Na₂CO₃的最适浓度,并基于最适浓度评价海岛棉的耐受性。结果表明,0.09%的Na₂CO₃胁迫最适于鉴定海岛棉耐碱性;在0.09%的Na₂CO₃碱胁迫下,海岛棉品种根系特征性状均受到不同程度抑制,像素面积变异最弱。主成分分析将根部特征性状分为3个主成分,第1主成分为根系生物量和形态因子;第2主成分为侧根因子;第3主成分为主根长度因子。隶属函数值和D值之间拟合性较好,呈显著相关,因此可将两者统一进行综合评价,将海岛棉划分为敏感型、弱耐碱型、耐碱型和强抗型4类,并筛选到敏感材料4401和S(L),强抗材料JZ-1;供试海岛棉材料主要以中间型为主,极端材料较少。     

顶空气相色谱法测定小麦中熏蒸剂氰及其代谢物氰化氢的残留量

采用溶剂顶空毛细管气相色谱-氮磷检测器(NPD)建立了熏蒸剂氰(C2N2)及其代谢物氰化氢(HCN)在小麦中残留的分析方法。在气相与液相体积比(β)为4时,采用GS-Q大孔毛细管色谱柱和进样60 μL顶空气体,可提高C2N2和HCN的分离效果和灵敏度。以质量分数为50%的磷酸作溶剂,在25 ℃下平衡4 h,C2N2和HCN在液相与气相间的分配系数(k)分别为0.44和48.82。平衡温度和基质对C2N2和HCN挥发的影响存在差异,而盐化效应的影响较小。用50% 的磷酸提取熏蒸过的小麦72 h,释放至顶空的C2N2和HCN的量最大,用添加标准品的小麦作标准可评价熏蒸小麦中C2N2和HCN的残留量。C2N2和HCN标准曲线的线性范围分别在质量浓度为1.0~500 μg/L和1.2~500 μg/L之间,相关系数(R2)分别为0.999 7和0.999 8,相对标准偏差分别为4.6%和7.4%,检出限(LOD)分别为0.032和0.145 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)分别为0.107和0.483 mg/kg。方法操作简单、灵敏度高、干扰少,适用于小麦中C2N2和HCN残留量的检测。     

纳米TiO2 光催化降解毒死蜱的影响因素研究

以高压汞灯为光源,采用高效液相色谱法研究了纳米TiO2光催化降解毒死蜱的影响因素。结果表明:纳米TiO2的最佳质量浓度为50～100 mg/L;毒死蜱初始质量浓度影响其降解效果,相对较低的质量浓度(5～20 mg/L)下初始浓度与降解率成正相关,相对较高质量浓度(20～80 mg/L)下初始浓度与降解率成负相关;初始质量浓度为10 mg/L时,毒死蜱的降解符合一级反应动力学方程;不同初始pH值的反应溶液经光催化反应后均表现为酸性,碱性条件有利于降解反应的进行。     

新疆地区棉铃虫自然种群对Bt棉的抗性频率监测

为监测新疆棉区棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner)田间种群对Bt棉的抗性频率,在2010年和2011年分别采集石河子和喀什地区莎车的棉铃虫单雌系,以Cry1Ac毒蛋白作为人工饲料,用单雌系F1/F2代法进行棉铃虫种群抗性个体检测。2010年筛选了123个石河子的棉铃虫单雌系,2 011年筛选了152个莎车的棉铃虫单雌系。两地的棉铃虫种群均没有筛选到相对平均发育级别≥0.8的抗Bt棉个体,估算出石河子和莎车的棉铃虫种群的抗性频率低于10-3。莎车F2单雌系与其对应的F1单雌系相对平均发育级别有明显差异。研究表明新疆石河子地区田间棉铃虫种群仍保持敏感状态,喀什地区田间棉铃虫种群对Bt棉的耐受性增高。     

Impact of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Erysiphe alphitoides</Emphasis> on transpiration and photosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Quercus robur</Emphasis> leaves

Oak powdery mildew, (Erysiphe alphitoides) causes one of the most common diseases of oaks. We assessed the impact of this pathogen on photosynthesis and water relations of infected leaves using greenhouse-grown oak seedlings. Transpiration of seedlings infected by oak powdery mildew was also investigated. Altogether, E. alphitoides had a low impact on host gas exchange whether at the leaf or whole plant scale. Maximal stomatal conductance of infected leaves was reduced by 20–30% compared to healthy controls. Severely infected seedlings did not experience any detectable change of whole plant transpiration. The reduction in net CO₂ assimilation, A_n, was less than proportional to the fraction of leaf area infected. Powdery mildew reduced both the maximal light-driven electron flux (J_max) and the apparent maximal carboxylation velocity (Vc_max) although Vc_max was slightly more impacted than J_max. No compensation for the infection occurred in healthy leaves of partly infected seedlings as the reduced photosynthesis in the infected leaves was not paralleled by increased A_n levels in the healthy leaves of the seedlings. However, E. alphitoides had a strong impact on the leaf life-span of infected leaves. It is concluded that the moderate effect of E. alphitoides on oak might be related to the small impact on net CO₂ assimilation rates and on tree transpiration; nevertheless, the severe reduction in leaf life-span of heavily infected leaves may lead to decreased carbon uptake over the growth season.     

Association of three RNA molecules with potato mop-top virus

Summary Potato mop-top virus particles, purified from systemically infectedNicotiana benthamiana plants and then disrupted by heating with sodium dodecyl sulphate and 2-mercaptoethanol, contained only a single polypeptide of M_r 19 100 detectable by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Single-stranded RNA preparations from virus particles, when subjected to electrophoresis in an agarose gel containing methylmercuric hydroxide as a denaturant, were shown to contain approximately equal proportions of three RNAs of 6.5, 3.2 and 2.5 kb. Double-stranded RNA preparations extracted from systemically infectedN. benthamiana leaves or from locally infectedN. debneyi leaves, was shown by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to contain a major species of 3.2 kbp and two minor species of 6.5 and 2.4 kbp.     

二氧化钛/多壁碳纳米管的制备及其对乐果光催化降解的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛/多壁碳纳米管(TiO2/MWCNTs)复合材料,其m(TiO2)∶m(MWCNTs)=3∶4、表面平均孔径为5.724 nm。选用该复合材料对乐果进行光催化降解试验,探讨不同光源及光照时间、乐果初始浓度、复合材料添加量、温度等对其光催化降解能力的影响。结果表明:乐果在25℃、紫外光照30 min、初始质量浓度为5 mg/L和TiO2/MWCNTs复合材料添加量为0.25 g/L条件下的降解率为80.7%,TiO2/MWCNTs复合材料的最大吸附量为16.15 mg/g;在其他条件相同,仅将紫外光改为自然光条件下,乐果的催化降解率为79.2%,与紫外光下的催化降解率相差不大;而同等条件下,Ti O2对乐果在紫外光下的催化降解率比TiO2/MWCNTs低33.1%。因此,可以用自然光代替紫外光用于吸附试验,自然条件下采取该工艺可有效降解环境中乐果污染。     

我国东北地区亚洲玉米螟种群发生动态与寄主植物来源

为明确我国东北地区亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)不同世代的种群动态及寄主植物来源,利用性诱捕器监测了其不同世代的种群动态,并以雄蛾翅的稳定性同位素δ13C为标记鉴定其寄主植物的光合作用类型。结果表明,亚洲玉米螟成虫越冬代始见期在5月底,第1代终见期在9月中旬。公主岭、齐齐哈尔、沈阳等地越冬代和第1代亚洲玉米螟幼虫主要以C4植物为寄主,以C4植物为寄主的种群占所有种群的比例分别为72.19%~97.71%和95.18%~100%;2014年公主岭、齐齐哈尔、沈阳等地之间越冬代和第1代亚洲玉米螟幼虫以C3植物为寄主的种群比例无显著差异,2013年公主岭和2014年沈阳的越冬代和第1代幼虫期之间以C3植物为寄主的种群比例差异显著。研究表明,东北地区以C3植物为寄主的亚洲玉米螟种群较少。     

科尔沁沙地青贮玉米蒸散量的估算与分析

为准确估算科尔沁沙地青贮玉米实际蒸散量的变化规律,选用ASCE Penman-Monteith(ASCE-PM)模型计算参考作物蒸散发(ET0);利用双作物系数模型模拟土壤含水率与对应实测值进行统计分析,根据均方根误差、一致性指数、平均绝对误差和Nash-Sutcliffe效率指数4个指标以及回归系数和决定性系数对双作物系数模型进行率定和验证,然后模拟青贮玉米的作物系数,与ASCE-PM模型结合后模拟青贮玉米的蒸散发、棵间土壤蒸发和作物蒸腾规律,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:双作物系数模型准确地模拟土壤含水率和棵间土壤蒸发的变化过程,率定各阶段基础作物系数为0.25、0.9和0.5。棵间土壤蒸发先由播种时峰值下降到较低水平,于收割前有所回升;蒸腾速率除刚出苗和收割前呈单峰变化外大部分时段呈双峰变化,日内变化规律大体为中午高,早晚低,自出苗之日起生长中期后半段处于较高水平,之后逐渐减弱。青贮玉米蒸散量与太阳辐射线性关系最为显著(R=0.643),与气温、空气湿度和风速的相关性依次次之。ASCE-PM模型空气动力项5 d尺度贡献率为27.94%~77.66%,且随风速同增减。综上所述,ASCE-PM模型结合双作物系数可较好估算科尔沁沙地青贮玉米的实际蒸散量,以及棵间土壤蒸发和作物蒸腾量。     

苹果树腐烂病菌VmMFS1~VmMFS3基因的功能分析

为绿色持久防控苹果树腐烂病,该研究分析苹果树腐烂病菌Valsa mali的3个主要协同转运蛋白超家族（major facilitator superfamily,MFS）编码基因的氨基酸序列特征,利用实时荧光定量PCR （quantitative real-time PCR,RT-qPCR）技术分析这3个基因在苹果树腐烂病菌侵染阶段的表达水平,通过构建这3个基因的缺失突变体和回补菌株分析其在病原菌营养生长、致病力和非生物胁迫应答等方面的功能。结果表明,这3个基因的氨基酸序列均具有MFS保守结构域,将其命名为VmMFS1~VmMFS3; VmMFS1和VmMFS2的进化距离较近,均与VmMFS3的进化距离较远;在苹果树腐烂病菌侵染过程中VmMFS1~VmMFS3基因表达均显著上调;与野生型03-8菌株相比,VmMFS1~VmMFS3基因缺失突变体的菌落形态无明显差异,但生长速度下降; VmMFS1~VmMFS3基因缺失突变体的致病力均显著降低; VmMFS1~VmMFS3基因缺失突变体对H₂O₂胁迫的敏感性无明显变化,但对NaCl胁迫更敏感;基因回补后基因缺失突变体的表型缺陷能恢复到野生型菌株的水平。     

意大利蝗卵越冬期呼吸代谢对季节变化的响应

为明确意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus(L.)卵越冬过程中的呼吸代谢变化,通过定期解剖野外意大利蝗卵观察其胚胎发育进度,并应用多通道昆虫呼吸代谢测量系统逐月测定意大利蝗卵的O_2消耗率、CO_2释放率、代谢率和呼吸商,分析其变化特征,同时对其越冬环境温度进行实时测定。结果表明,意大利蝗卵的呼吸代谢水平随着越冬时间的推进发生季节性波动。越冬前(8—10月),意大利蝗卵的呼吸代谢水平较高,其中在8月间最高,此时胚胎发育较快,且复眼背部边缘在10月出现红色;越冬期间(11月—翌年2月),呼吸代谢水平在11月间最低,在12月—翌年2月之间则无显著差异,复眼颜色逐渐加深,胚胎发育基本停滞;越冬结束后(翌年3—4月),呼吸代谢水平逐渐升高,在翌年4月间显著高于10月—翌年3月,但显著低于8月,此时发生胚胎转动且恢复发育。越冬过程中,意大利蝗卵呼吸商均大于0.94。不同月份意大利蝗卵的O_2消耗率、CO_2释放率、代谢率与5 cm地温之间均呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.857、0.831和0.902。在整个越冬过程中,意大利蝗卵的呼吸代谢变化与其胚胎发育进度以及环境温度密切相关,且蝗卵均以糖类为主要能源物质,以最大程度减少物质能量消耗,从而确保蝗卵的正常发育、越冬及来年的顺利孵化。     

Histochemical studies on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (O2 and H2O2) in the incompatible and compatible interaction of wheat—Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

The generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O₂⁻) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), were studied in the interaction between wheat cv. ‘Suwon 11’ and two races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (avirulent and virulent). Generation of O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ was analyzed histochemically using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and 3,3-diamino-benzidine (DAB), respectively. At the pre-penetration stage during appressorium formation both stripe rust races induced H₂O₂ accumulation in guard cells. In the incompatible interaction, a rapid increase of O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ generation at infection sites was detected. The percentage of infection sites showing NBT and DAB staining was 36.1% and 40.0%, respectively, 12 h after inoculation (hai). At extended incubation time until 24 hai, percentage of infection sites showing H₂O₂ accumulation further increased, whereas those exhibiting O₂⁻ accumulation declined. The early infection stage from 12 to 24 hai coincided with primary haustoria formation in mesophyll cells. In contrast, in the compatible interaction, O₂⁻ and H₂O₂ generation could not be detected in most of the infection sites. In the incompatible interaction, intensive DAB staining was also determined in mesophyll cells, especially in cell walls, surrounding the infected cells 16–24 hai; thereafter, these cells contained fluorescing compounds and underwent hypersensitive response (HR). The number of necrotic host cells surrounding the infection sites increased continuously from 20 to 96 hai. It might be concluded that H₂O₂ accumulation during the early infection stage is associated with the occurrence of hypersensitive cell death and that resistance response is leading to arrest the avirulent race of the obligate stripe rust pathogen. In the compatible interaction at 96 hai, H₂O₂ accumulation was observed in mesophyll cells surrounding the rust lesion.     

辛硫磷对枸杞木虱的毒力及对其羧酸酯酶的抑制作用

分别采用浸渍法和药膜法测定了辛硫磷对枸杞木虱不同发育期若虫和成虫的毒力,同时测定了辛硫磷对不同龄期枸杞木虱羧酸酯酶（CarE）活性的抑制作用及酶的动力学常数。结果表明:辛硫磷对枸杞木虱的LC50值随若虫龄期的增大而升高,至成虫期再相对降低,其对5龄若虫的LC50值为0.995 mg/L,是对1龄若虫LC50值（0.047 mg/L）的21.2倍。辛硫磷对不同龄期枸杞木虱羧酸酯酶活性的抑制作用I50值及酶的Km和Vmax值也均随着试虫龄期的增大而升高,至成虫期则I50值稍有降低。研究表明,辛硫磷对枸杞木虱的毒力与对其羧酸酯酶活性的抑制作用间存在密切关系,利用辛硫磷防治枸杞木虱时,以选择龄期较低时用药为宜。