油茶遗传变异特性研究进展

油茶遗传变异特性包括形态特征、生物学特性、经济性状、脂肪酸和抗逆性等的遗传变异特性。其中,形态特征包括树体性状、果实性状、枝叶性状;生物学特性包括花器官及花期变异和果实成熟期变异等特性;经济性状包括产果量、果重、出籽率、出仁率和出油率等性状。本文对照国外对油橄榄的研究,综述了油茶遗传变异特性的研究进展情况,并对油茶遗传变异特性研究的前景作了展望。     

基于材料加工特性的家具设计研究

运用比较分析法、调查法等科学研究方法,对木材、竹材、金属、塑料4种材料的成型加工特性、连接工艺特性、表面处理特性进行了整合,对比了4种材料加工特性的优劣势,分析了4种材料加工特性在家具设计中的运用,最终验证了掌握材料加工特性是实现家具产品造型理想效果的前提与保障,为利用材料加工特性进行家具设计提供参考。     

居室与木材

居室与木材陈锦林众所周知．人类生活离不开木材，木材为人们居室生活提供了舒适、美观、温暖、防潮、隔音、卫生等一系列良好室内环境条件。木格具有的视觉特性、触觉特性、调湿特性、隔音特性和疗理特性，从多方面满足了人们生活的需要。一、木材的视觉性：木材的木纹是...     

园林植物新树种-银叶金合欢

银叶金合欢是独具一格、观赏价值极高的植物。该文阐述其形态特征、生态习性、种子特性、播种繁殖技术、生长特性和物候等植物基本特性,并提出养护管理要点,简单评述其观赏特性和园林用途。     

云南红豆杉的生物学与生态学特性

依据云南红豆杉的前期研究成果,从形态特征、物候学特性、种子特征、生长特性等方面论述了云南红豆杉的生物学特性,还从地理及垂直分布状况,适生环境条件,主要生态型等个体生态学特性方面阐明了云南红豆杉的生态学特性,为云南红豆杉研究工作的深入开展和其有效发展、利用提供理论基础。     

杜鹃红山茶研究进展

杜鹃红山茶是一种珍稀濒危植物。文章从资源现状、生物学特性、生态学特性与利用价值等方面对其特性进行了阐述。总结了遗传特性,扦插繁殖、嫁接繁殖、良种选育等方面的研究进展,探讨了杜鹃红山荼在杂交育种、新品种培育、资源开发与可持续利用等方面应解决的问题。     

彩叶植物新品——金森女贞的引种栽培及应用

总结了金森女贞的特性特性、种苗繁殖及栽培技术。     

竹装饰材在室内设计中的应用方法研究

竹材作为绿色可再生材料是良好的室内装饰材。通过对室内设计需求变化以及竹材性能的分析,从装饰特性、文化特性、功能特性以及构成形态4个方面探讨竹装饰材在室内设计中的应用。建议在室内设计应用竹材时应当平衡其材质特性、文化属性和构成形态,以突出竹材的艺术性、功能性、亲和性和文化性,满足现代室内设计的需求。     

福建省常见香菇树种的优化选择及开发利用研究

针对食用菌原料林资源面临枯竭的严重现状 ,对福建省常见阔叶树进行袋栽香菇对比试验 ,并调查不同树种的生长特性与造林学特性。以不同树种栽培香菇效果、林木生长特性、造林学特性为主目标 ,采用多目标决策法 ,筛选出具有栽培香菇产量高、品质好、生长快、造林更新容易等特性的细柄阿丁枫、火力楠、闽粤栲等优良树种。并对营造优良菇的效益问题进行了讨论 ,提出了开发利用初步意见     

福建垂直绿化植物调查与筛选

通过对福建各主要城市垂直绿化植物生物学特性、生态学特性、美学特性的调查 ,筛选出适宜于福建南部、北部城市生长的垂直绿化植物     

两种危害松类的新叶蜂(膜翅目, 广腰亚目, 松叶蜂科)

本文记述了中国松叶蜂昆虫两新种,马尾松吉松叶蜂和油松吉松叶蜂。文中附有形态特征图4幅。     

东北主要绿化树种对大气重金属污染物吸收能力的研究

本文于2003年9月到10月在哈尔滨市主要街道采集和分析主要绿化树种的树叶，研究测定了东北主要的24种乔木树种和6种灌木树种对大气重金属污染物铅、镉、铬、汞的吸收能力。结果表明：绿化树种对铅、镉、铬、汞具有一定的吸收能力，并依污染物和树种的不同而有明显差异；根据不同树种对不同大气重金属污染物吸收量的差异将其各分为三级，其中吸铅量高的树种有白桦、垂枝榆和京桃等；吸镉量高的树种有小黑杨、钻天杨、银中杨和旱柳等；吸铬量高的树种有黄菠萝、紫丁香、旱柳、黑皮油松、红皮云杉、京桃、榆叶梅和糖槭等；吸汞量高的树种有榆叶梅、蒙古栎、旱柳、接骨木、野梨和华北绣线菊等。本研究为在不同大气重金属污染条件下选择不同绿化树种提供了科学依据。表4参11。     

Therapeutic orchids: traditional uses and recent advances — An overview

Orchids have been used as a source of medicine for millennia to treat different diseases and ailments including tuberculosis, paralysis, stomach disorders, chest pain, arthritis, syphilis, jaundice, cholera, acidity, eczema, tumour, piles, boils, inflammations, menstrual disorder, spermatorrhea, leucoderma, diahorrhea, muscular pain, blood dysentery, hepatitis, dyspepsia, bone fractures, rheumatism, asthma, malaria, earache, sexually transmitted diseases, wounds and sores. Besides, many orchidaceous preparations are used as emetic, purgative, aphrodisiac, vermifuge, bronchodilator, sex stimulator, contraceptive, cooling agent and remedies in scorpion sting and snake bite. Some of the preparations are supposed to have miraculous curative properties but rare scientific demonstration available which is a primary requirement for clinical implementations. Incredible diversity, high alkaloids and glycosides content, research on orchids is full of potential. Meanwhile, some novel compounds and drugs, both in phytochemical and pharmacological point of view have been reported from orchids. Linking of the indigenous knowledge to the modern research activities will help to discover new drugs much more effective than contemporary synthetic medicines. The present study reviews the traditional therapeutic uses of orchids with its recent advances in pharmacological investigations that would be a useful reference for plant drug researches, especially in orchids.     

中国桉树真菌病原汇录：2006-2013

本文对2006-2013年期间我国感病桉树或桉树木片上发现的21个真菌物种的分类地位、形态特征、菌落特点、寄主范围、分布地域和危害特点等进行了概述。介绍的对象包括桉树枝干斑点溃疡病原 Teratosphaeria zuluensis（祖鲁畸腔菌）;桉树叶部斑点溃疡病原Teratosphaeria destructans（破畸腔菌）,Mycosphaerella marksii（马克氏球腔菌）,M. crystallina（水晶球腔菌）,M. yunnanensis（云南球腔菌）;桉树顶梢及叶白枯萎病原 Quambalaria pitereka（彼特氏桉座孢）;桉树苗茎腐病原 Calonectria cerciana（桉树丽赤壳）,C. pauciramosa（常丽赤壳）,C. pseudoreteaudii（瑞丽赤壳）;桉树叶焦枯病原 C. crousiana（克儒斯氏丽赤壳）,C. fujianensis（福建丽赤壳）,C. pauciramosa（常丽赤壳）, C. pseudocolhounii（类柯氏丽赤壳）,C. pseudoreteaudii（瑞丽赤壳）;桉树木片腐烂病原Ophiostoma tsotsi（类栎长喙壳菌）;桉树枝干溃疡病原Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis（类古巴黄隐丛赤壳）,Fusicoccum fabicercianum（法比桉树壳梭孢）,Lasiodiplodia theobromae（柯柯豆毛色二孢）,L. pseudotheobromae（类柯柯豆毛色二孢）,Celoporthe guangdongensis（广东暗隐丛赤壳）,C. eucalypti（桉树暗隐丛赤壳）;桉树枝干枯萎病原Ceratocystis acaciivora（相思长喙壳）,C. chinaeucensis（中国桉树长喙壳）。     

泡桐叶片蛋白质多态性及其聚类分析(英文)

根据白花泡桐（Paulownia fargesii）、白花兰考泡桐（P.elongata f. alba）、毛泡 桐（P. tomentosa）、川泡桐（P. fargesii）、山明泡桐（P. lamprophylla）、成都泡桐 (P. albiphloea var chengtuensis)、鄂川泡桐（P. albiphloea）、南方泡桐（P. austra lis）、白花泡桐（P. fortunei）、兰考泡桐（P. elongata）叶片蛋白质单向电泳和双向 电泳结果，可将它们聚类分为白花泡桐组（白花泡桐和白花兰考泡桐）、南方泡桐组（南方 泡桐和成都泡桐）和毛泡桐组（毛泡桐、川泡桐、鄂川泡桐、山明泡桐和兰考泡桐）。该结 果为泡桐属植物的分类提供了参考依据，也为泡桐属植物种确立、杂种鉴定和新品种培育奠 定了基础。     

中国葛藤叶蝉名录及新种、新记录描述（同翅目：叶蝉科）

本文系统报道我国葛藤上的叶蝉种类，共有11亚科40属50种，其中含3新种、1中国新记录属、5中国新记录种，建立1新组合种，并对折板叶蝉属Paradaevicephalus Ishilhara的属征进行了厘订。新种模式标本保存在安徽农业大学昆虫标本室。     

Different development of pine wilt disease in artificially infectedPinus thunbergii seedlings potted together with different tree species

To evaluate the effect of adjacent tree species on the susceptibility of Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) to pine wilt disease, an inoculation experiment was conducted usingP. thunbergii seedlings potted with seedlings of six tree species,i. e. Alnus sieboldiana, Eurya japonica, Lespedeza bicolor formacutifolia, Pinus thumbergii, Robinia pseudo-acacia andSarothamus scoparius. About ten months after planting, they were inoculated with the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) in early July 1992. After that, the proportion of pine seedlings with completely discolored foliage increased more quickly when the seedlings were potted withR. pseudo-acacia, S. scoparius orA. sieboldiana than when potted withP. thunbergii, L. bicolor orE. japonica. At the end of the study period, 17 weeks after inoculation, it reached 90.6%, 90.0%, 87.5%, 72.7%, 63.3%, and 59.4% when the pine seedlings were potted withR. pseudo-acacia, S. scoparius, A. sieboldiana, P. thunbergii, L. bicolor andE. japonica, respectively. This indicated that the susceptibility ofP. thunbergii seedlings to pine wilt disease was influence by the species of adjacent trees.     

我国木麻黄种质资源引种与保存

木麻黄科有4个属96个种,天然分布于澳大利亚、东南亚和太平洋群岛,垂直分布于海平面潮线开始至海拔3000m以上的高山。目前,我国引种木麻黄已有：107a的历史,但加世纪80年代中期,我国才开始系统地从事木麻黄种质资源引种工作,开展了木麻黄种质资源收集、保存,优良种源、家系筛选,无性繁殖、共生菌等研究。到目前为止,在我国海南、广东、福建、浙江和广西等省区,引进了2个属(Gasuarina,Allocasuarina)、23个木麻黄种、200多个种源和260多个家系,通过试验筛选出了一些适合不同立地的优良树种、种源或家系,其中短枝木麻黄和山地木麻黄为全分布区种源。加世纪90年代以来,对异木麻黄属树种,进行了重点引进,共引进了10余种异木麻黄属植物,增加了我国木麻黄遗传资源,并对主要木麻黄种质资源进行了保存和利用。引进的木麻黄树种包括田野木麻黄、迪尔斯木麻黄、双针木麻黄、费雷泽木麻黄、休格尔木麻黄、矮木麻黄、滨海木麻黄、利曼氏木麻黄、纳纳木麻黄、沼泽木麻黄、小松木麻黄、多纹木麻黄、森林木麻黄、轮生木麻黄、山神木麻黄、鸡冠木麻黄、细枝木麻黄、短枝木麻黄、粗枝木麻黄、大木麻黄、山地木麻黄、肥木木麻黄、小齿木麻黄。论文着重介绍了我国木麻黄种质资源的引种驯化历史、研究、保存现状等。     

中国东部沿海地区猛禽迁徒规律研究

1985－1987年在猛禽迁徒中途主要停歇地的山东省青岛市浮山、长岛县大黑山岛和辽宁省大连市老铁山，利用环志、染色标记和观察等方法，对其主要种类迁徒规律的生物学特性进行了研究，结果表明：猛禽南迁途径环志研究区的时间为8月下旬至12月中旬。迁徒高峰在9月中旬至10月底，通过环志鸟回收分析表明，猛禽的越冬区域为长江中下游及期 以南地带，并延伸到东南沿海。首次揭示了东北松嫩平原为途径经老铁山地区部分苍鹰的繁殖区域。秋季途径老铁山地区，飞越渤海海峡向南迁飞的部分松雀鹰，春归线则可能沿渤海海湾内侧几东北繁殖区迁飞。     

Estimation of genetic variances in flood tolerance of poplar and selection of resistant F1 generations

Five Aigeiros section poplar clones were adopted as parents to produce five full-sib families through cross-breeding. Morphological, ecophysiological, and growth characteristics of the five parents and their 15 superior F1 generations were investigated during 45 days of flooding followed by a 10-day recovery period. Cuttings were subjected to two treatments: watered (control) and flooded to 10 cm above the soil surface. Results showed that flooded cuttings showed significant reduction in growth of height, root-collar diameter and leaf area, and root and total biomass yield. All 20 clones formed hypertrophied lenticels and adventitious roots by day 6–14 of flooding. In flooded cuttings, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and chlorophyll fluorescence were decreased significantly compared with the control. After flooding ended, all plants recovered rapidly. Generally, progenies showed higher growth of height, root-collar diameter, root biomass and leaf area than their parents both under flooding and control conditions, showing that heterosis existed in F1 generations, regardless of flooding. However heterosis was lower under flooding conditions than in the control. Under flooding, the highest heterosis of higher-parent in height and root-collar diameter were 68.63 and 20.83%, respectively. Variability of flood tolerance among progenies was clear in growth of height and root-collar diameter. Selection criteria for parents in cross-breeding were different between control and flooding. Relative effect values of the specific combining ability (SCA) and relative effect values of the general combining ability (GCA) of parents were more important than their flood tolerance. Progenies with a higher level of flood tolerance could be obtained, even from parents intolerant to flooding. In terms of breeding, height growth would be most important characteristic to measure in flooding conditions, and root-collar diameter growth was also very useful. Based on all measured values, the tested 20 clones were classified into three groups using hierarchical cluster analysis. Clones Lu, E4, E9, E29, A2, A8, A9, B1, B3, B4, and D8, were flood-tolerant. Clones Lf, Ha, Lm, D1, D7, F9, and F21 were moderately flood-tolerant. Clones Sm and F13 were flood-susceptible.