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通过对小麦品种"明优633"和"A14"杂交所得142个F2群体进行SSR标记分析,应用Icimapping软件和SSR分子标记技术构建了遗传图谱,共用了126个标记,遗传连锁图总长度为1773.2cm,平均每条染色体连锁图长84.44cm,标记间平均遗传距离为14.07cm,标记图谱覆盖小麦21条染色体,为小麦重要农艺性状QTL打下基础,并为分子标记辅助育种提供可用的分子标记。 相似文献
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识别小麦抽穗扬花期抽穗情况,可用于指导后期水肥管理、病害防治和产量预测等。为实现准确、自动地麦穗计数,提出一种基于颜色特征的麦穗计数方法。抽穗扬花期小麦麦穗与叶片、茎秆颜色非常接近,常见颜色特征并不能有效分割麦穗,通过彩色直方图均衡化和红绿归一化差异指数对麦穗进行有效提取。针对图像中麦穗粘连问题,利用改进Harris角点检测算法分别对垂直拍摄和45°夹角拍摄的小麦图像进行验证。通过样本图像进行计数试验,准确率分别为96.06%和94.74%。结果表明,经均衡化处理后麦穗、叶片和茎秆出现明显颜色色差,可以利用颜色特征提取大田环境下抽穗扬花期麦穗图像;麦穗细化后进行骨架交点检测,可用于粘连麦穗的准确计数。 相似文献
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小麦种子吸胀萌发过程的核磁共振检测研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
将核磁共振成像和T2弛豫检测相结合,对处于萌发过程的小麦种子进行了连续72 h检测。小麦种子核磁成像显示,吸胀阶段(0~6 h)种子皮层、胚和珠心突起的水分含量明显增加;萌动阶段(6~22 h)珠心突起的水分向胚乳扩散;萌发阶段(22~72 h),胚根和胚芽鞘陆续长出,吸水率增大,胚乳含水量升高并逐渐活化。T2弛豫检测显示,小麦种子吸水率存在快速吸水、平稳吸水及振荡吸水3个阶段,与成像显示的萌发3阶段相对应,体现了种子萌发对水分需求的动态过程。核磁共振技术能够直观且连续地反映小麦种子内部水分的变化和分布,为科学揭示小麦种子萌发过程、合理调控萌发过程土壤水分状况提供了新的试验方法和理论依据。 相似文献
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为了实现小麦供水量精确控制,优化整合BP神经网络和模糊控制,设计了智能灌溉系统,并基于BP神经网络设计小麦需水量预测系统。整个神经系统为3层结构,以温度、土壤湿度、风速和光照强度作为系统输入,理论计算得到的小麦需水量为预测期望值,训练该神经网络。基于模糊控制设计浇灌控制系统,以神经网络小麦需水量预测值和实际土壤含水量的差值e及其变化率ec作为控制系统输入,以浇灌时间作为系统输出,对神经网络需水量预测精度进行测试,相对偏差分布区间为[1.65%, 7%]。对灌溉系统进行测试,相对偏差分布区间为[0.02%, 0.38%]。 相似文献
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为实现小麦生物量田间快速无损监测,开展基于不同密度、氮肥和品种处理的田间试验,应用无人机获取小麦越冬前期、拔节期、孕穗期和开花期4个时期的RGB图像,通过影像处理获取小麦颜色指数和纹理特征参数,并同时期通过田间取样获取小麦生物量;分析不同颜色指数和纹理特征参数与小麦生物量的关系,筛选出适合小麦生物量估算的颜色和纹理特征... 相似文献
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为有效地对小麦籽粒品种进行分类,判别影响小麦籽粒品种识别的特征,进行基于特征选择的小麦籽粒品种识别研究。首先采集农大3416-18、内乐288、衡水6632、百农419、洛麦28和新麦26六个品种的小麦籽粒图像18 000张,对采集的图像进行预处理,提取小麦籽粒的颜色特征、形态特征和纹理特征三大类共28个特征值,并对特征进行相关性分析。然后分别构建不同特征融合模型以及数据降维和数据增强模型。最后进行试验分析,基于纹理+形态+颜色三个特征融合模型平均识别准确率为91.02%,其中基于纹理+形态+颜色特征模型的洛麦28识别率最高,达97.0%;经过线性判别分析,降维处理的小麦特征数据识别准确率达86.19%,模型训练时间仅0.87 s;基于数据增强后的平均识别准确率达94.26%。试验表明基于特征选择的小麦籽粒识别是可行的,有助于育种工作者对小麦籽粒识别做出更准确判断,具有一定的实际意义。 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性,认为在缺水不可避免的情况下,对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失,产生较好的减灾效益,特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性,提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献