天香国色话佳茗——中国茶诗中的璀璨华章

中国茶诗,源远流长,为世界文明的重要组成部分。自唐代以来,众多著名诗人、文学家、学者,如李白、杜甫、白居易、卢仝、皮日休、陆龟蒙、杜牧、欧阳修、苏轼、梅尧臣、黄庭坚、杨万里、陆游、黄宗羲、郑板桥等,都创作了许多脍炙人口的茶诗。就连唐代的唐玄     

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《亚热带农业研究》由福建农林大学主办,属农业学术期刊,主要刊登与亚热带农业生产特别是作物生产有关的较高水平的学术论文,内容涉及大田作物、果树、茶叶、蔬菜、食用菌、观赏植物、药用植物、特种植物、植物保护、生态、环境、灌溉、水利、土壤、肥料、农产品贮藏与加工、生物技术。     

辽宁省小杂粮推广情况及发展途径探讨

辽宁省小杂粮主要是指玉米、大豆、高粱、小麦等大宗作物以外的小豆、绿豆、黑大豆、青皮大豆、芝麻、糜子、谷子、荞麦等小宗作物。这些作物的共同特点是种植面积小、营养价值高、口味独特、具有营养保健功能。     

第六届海峡两岸茶业学术研讨会在武夷山召开

<正>由中国茶叶学会、台湾茶协会联合主办的第六届海峡两岸茶业学术研讨会于11月2日至5日在福建省武夷山市召开,来自海峡两岸的浙江、安徽、福建、广东、广西、云南、湖北、湖南、江苏、四川、陕西、北京、重庆和台湾等55家茶叶相关企事业单位的186位代     

茶叶超声波辅助浸提研究

比较研究了超声波辅助浸提与传统水提对茶叶品质成分的浸出效果,优化筛选了茶叶超声波辅助浸提的技术参数。结果表明,在茶水比、浸提温度、时间、次数等相同技术参数的条件下,茶叶超声波辅助浸提优于传统水提。采用茶水比1:15、浸提水温95℃、浸提两次（第一次、第二次的水量分别为总水量的8/15、7/15）、每次15βmin的操作参数是茶叶超声波辅助浸提的最优技术参数,氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、茶多酚、可溶性碳水化合物、咖啡碱、简单儿茶素、酯型儿茶素、水浸出物的浸出率分别比传统水提提高23.13%、36.92%、14.88%、24.40%、19.24%、26.45%、10.12%、12.27%。     

海南岛荔枝、龙眼害虫种类名录

采用田间调查和室内饲养相结合的方法对海南岛儋州、白沙、乐东、五指山、琼海、保亭、陵水、澄迈、海口等地的荔枝龙眼树害虫种类进行了系统调查,调查结果显示,海南岛共有荔枝龙眼害虫(螨)100种,分属于昆虫纲的蜚蠊目、等翅目、直翅目、同翅目、缨翅目、半翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目及蛛形纲的真螨目共2个纲、10个目,47个科。     

疯涨、暴跌、低迷、调整、复苏——普洱新茶成价格洼地

疯涨、暴跌、低迷、调整、复苏……从2007年至今,普洱茶走出的这一波市场行情,让今年的普洱新茶成为价格洼地,重新凸显其市场价值。刚刚结束的河南普洱茶品鉴会上,知名普洱茶企业如勐库戎氏、昌泰集团、大益集团、云之南、和茶趣、少林禅茶、郎河、澜沧古茶等,带来了广受关注的普洱茶市场的新动向。     

欢迎订阅《中国茶叶》

正《中国茶叶》是由农业部主管、中国农业科学院茶叶研究所主办的茶叶技术刊物,其宗旨是宣传、推广、普及茶叶科学技术,弘扬茶文化,传播茶叶信息。主要报道茶叶生产、科研、流通、经贸、教育等领域的实用技术、先进经验、最新研究成果和新方法,以及茶文化、茶与健康、茶叶基础理论、学术动态等。设有本刊特稿、政策法规、专题·综述、试验研究、经济·管理、技术指南、产业论坛、基层园地、历史文化等栏目。本刊是广大茶叶干部、技术推广人员、茶叶经营者、茶厂(场)工人、茶农和茶艺工作者、茶叶爱好者的良好读物,也是茶叶科研人员、     

欢迎订阅《中国茶叶》

正《中国茶叶》是由农业部主管、中国农业科学院茶叶研究所主办的茶叶技术刊物,其宗旨是宣传、推广、普及茶叶科学技术,弘扬茶文化,传播茶叶信息。主要报道茶叶生产、科研、流通、经贸、教育等领域的实用技术、先进经验、最新研究成果和新方法,以及茶文化、茶与健康、茶叶基础理论、学术动态等。设有本刊特稿、政策法规、专题·综述、试验研究、经济·管理、技术指南、产业论坛、基层园地、历史文化等栏目。本刊是广大茶叶干部、技术推广人员、茶叶经营者、茶厂(场)工人、茶农和茶艺工作者、茶叶爱好者的良好读物,也是茶叶科研人员、茶叶院校师生的参考资料。     

利用近红外技术预测向日葵籽仁品质性状

为实现向日葵育种材料的品质性状快速预测，选取154份向日葵籽仁样品，结合化学测定值和近红外光谱，利用化学计量学手段建立向日葵籽仁品质指标的近红外模型，评估其在向日葵籽仁粗蛋白、粗脂肪、油酸、亚油酸等重要品质性状测定中的可行性。结果表明，改进偏最小二乘法建模效果最佳，其粗脂肪、粗蛋白、油酸、亚油酸、饱和脂肪酸及不饱和脂肪酸的定标相关系数分别为0.975、0.950、0.973、0.951和0.913，交叉验证相关系数分别 为0.969、0.939、0.915、0.927和0.711。用检验集对模型进行验证，粗脂肪、蛋白质、油酸、亚油酸、饱和及不饱和脂肪酸的外部检验相关系数（R2）分别为0.959、0.950、0.937、0.906和0.930。本研究建立的模型质量较高，能够满足向日葵籽仁品质成分的快速测定，可为向日葵品质育种前期大量、快速的筛选提供技术支持。     

Milling,functional and thermo-mechanical properties of wheat,rye, triticale,barley and oat

The milling potential of hulled barley, hulled oat, triticale, rye and wheat was studied using a long tempering process and a laboratory four-roller mill. Regardless of the investigated cereal, the results indicated a significant influence (p < 0.05) of volume per surface area ratio on the milling yield and ash contents of the flour. The lowest milling yield was obtained in case of hulled oat. Solvent retention capacity profiles were determined for all investigated whole cereals and flours for predicting the contribution of different polymers to the functionality of samples. For all solvents higher values were obtained for the whole cereals compared to the corresponding flour. Thermo-mechanical properties of the whole cereals and refined flours were also investigated. If in case of wheat the gluten proteins play an essential role on dough behaviour during kneading at 30 °C, in case of triticale, rye, hulled barley and hulled oat, the fibers play a major role as well. Thermo-mechanical properties of starch registered a large variation between cereals and/or flours. The lowest torque value corresponding to starch gelatinization (C3) was registered in case of the hulled oat flour, 1.92 Nm, while the highest value in case of rye flour, 2.65 Nm.     

WTO与茶叶--法治、创新、流通、标准、茶协

本文从以法治茶;科技创新,以新品种、新技术、新机械设备,促使茶产品"升级换代;搞活流通;建立"茶市场",规范管理;实施标准,创立名牌;发挥协会、学会、商会的作用.由政府牵头,调动官、企、产、学、研各方面力量,建设浙茶为现代化、产业化的强省,为"入世"作好积极的准备.     

Ester and ether linkages between hydroxycinnamic acids and lignins from wheat,rice, rye,and barley straws,maize stems,and fast-growing poplar wood

Treatment of solvent extracted wheat, rice, rye, and barley straws, maize stems, and fast-growing poplar wood with 60% aqueous ethanol in 0.2 M HCl at 75 °C for 3 h released 51.8, 51.2, 47.2, 43.7, 54.0, and 16.7% of the original lignin, and 44.3, 50.3, 30.9, 36.1, 40.0, and 25.5% of the original hemicelluloses, respectively. It was found that the bulk of p-coumaric acid (PCA) (67.0–83.5%) was esterified at the lignin side chains, while ferulic acid (FA) is linked to lignin side chains through both ether bonds (51.6–68.3%) and ester bonds (31.7–48.4%), indicating that FA may form intra- and/or inter-molecular ester–ether bridges between lignin fragments, which is first proposed in this study. In addition to p-hydroxybenzoic acid esterified to lignins in the cell walls of wheat straw and fast-growing poplar wood, a small portion of ether-linked p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the lignin preparations, obtained from rice, rye, and barley straws and maize stems, was also detected. It was also detected that noticeable amounts of syringic and vanillic acids were predominantly esterified to the lignin molecules in the cell walls of the materials studied.     

Fucanomics and galactanomics: marine distribution, medicinal impact, conceptions, and challenges

Glycomics turned out to be a very extensive project where its subdivision is consequently emerging. This is seen by the growing number of terminologies used to define subprojects concerning particular classes of bioactive carbohydrates. Sulfated fucans (SFs) and sulfated galactans (SGs) are relatively new classes of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) that occur mostly in marine organisms, and exhibit a broad range of medicinal effects. Their structures are taxonomically dependent, and their therapeutic actions include benefits in inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, cancer, oxidation, and infections. Some red algae, marine angiosperm and invertebrates express SPs of unique structures composed of regular repeating oligomeric units of well-defined sulfation patterns. This fine pattern of structural regularity is quite rare among any naturally occurring long SPs, and enables accurate structure-biofunction correlations. Seeing that, fucanomics and galactanomics may comprise distinguished glycomics subprojects. We hereby discuss the relevance that justifies the international recognition of these subprojects in the current glycomics age associated with the beneficial outcomes that these glycans may offer in drug development.     

Phytosterol,Squalene, Tocopherol Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Selected Seeds,Grains, and Legumes

The unsaponifiable lipid fraction of plant-based foods is a potential source of bioactive components such as phytosterols, squalene, and tocopherols. The objective of the present study was to determine the levels of phytosterols, and squalene, as well as tocopherols (α and β + γ) in selected grains, seeds, and legumes. The method comprised acid hydrolysis and lipid extraction followed by alkaline saponification, prior to analysis by HPLC. In addition, the fatty acid profile of the foods was determined via total lipid extraction, fatty acid derivitisation and GC analysis. In general, β-sitosterol was the most prevalent phytosterol, ranging in concentration from 24.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seed to 191.4 mg/100 g in peas. Squalene identified in all foods examined in this study, was particularly abundant in pumpkin seed (89.0 mg/100 g). The sum of α- and β+ γ-tocopherols ranged from 0.1 mg/100 g in rye to 15.9 mg/100 g in pumpkin seeds. Total oil content ranged from 0.9% (w/w) in butter beans to 42.3% (w/w) in pumpkin seed and the type of fat, in all foods examined, was predominantly unsaturated. In conclusion, seeds, grains, and legumes are a rich natural source of phytosterols. Additionally, they contain noticeable amounts of squalene and tocopherols, and in general, their fatty acid profile is favorable.     

Plant population,planting date,and germplasm effects on guayule latex,rubber, and resin yields

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a perennial shrub native to the Chihuahuan Desert. While guayule traditionally has been cultivated for rubber, more recently it is being cultivated for its hypoallergenic latex. Other uses including termite resistant wood products and an energy source have also been identified. However, the effects of various agronomic practices, such as planting and harvesting dates, plant spacing, cutting height and frequency, irrigation frequency, and herbicide application, on latex concentration and yield of newly developed germplasm have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the yield and concentration of latex, rubber, and resin of four guayule lines planted at two populations and two planting dates. Four guayule lines (AZ-1, AZ-3, AZ-5, and 11591) were transplanted at two dates (28 November 2000 and 7 June 2001) and two plant populations (27,000 and 54,000 plants ha^?1). Treatments were replicated four times. Each treatment plot was subdivided into six subplots for harvesting at 6-month intervals beginning 1 year after transplanting. Results showed that transplanting date did not affect plant size or latex concentration or yield consistently. Instead, it appeared that the time of harvest (fall vs. spring) was more important. The sixth (last harvest) in the fall planting date and the fifth harvest date in the spring planting date were the optimum for plant biomass and latex, rubber, and resin concentrations and yields. The lines AZ-1 and AZ-3 were larger, whereas AZ-5 had higher latex and rubber concentrations than the control, 11591. The greater plant population (54,000 plants ha^?1) had higher biomass, rubber, and resin yields than the lower population (27,000 plants ha^?1) at the early harvest dates, but not at the later harvest dates (5 and 6). More studies must to be conducted to determine the optimum plant population and transplanting date for other newly developed guayule germplasm lines.     

氮磷钾肥对稻米铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响

 采用田间试验，在四川省西昌市用两个水稻品种研究了氮、磷、钾肥施用量对稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响。结果表明，稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量均随着施氮量增加先上升后下降，滇屯502的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量都以施用90 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高；而合系39的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙的含量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用270 kg/hm2 N最高，说明供试籼型品种滇屯502对氮肥的敏感性较粳型品种合系39强；磷肥明显降低了稻米中铁、铜、锰、钙的含量和产量，适量增施磷肥有利于增加稻米中镁的含量和产量；适量施用钾肥有利于提高稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰含量和产量，两供试品种铁、锌、铜、锰含量均以90 kg/hm2 K2O时最高，而钾肥明显降低了稻米中镁、钙的含量和产量。     

Temperature,cyanide, and oxygen effects on the respiration,chip color,sugars, and organic acids of stored tubers

The possibility that sugar accumulation of potatoes stored at low temperatures may be linked to activation of cyanide-resistant respiration (CRR) was investigated. After a lag period of several days, continuous HCN treatment stimulated CO₂ production of tubers stored in 20% O₂. At 1°C in 20% O₂, HCN treatment increased respiration over that effected by low temperature treatment. After several weeks of treatment, cyanide-stimulated CO₂ production was greater at 1°C than at 10°C. Sucrose and malate levels of HCN treated tubers were sometimes higher than those of the 10°C control tubers, but they were always lower than those of the 1°C control tubers. This indicated that CRR alone could not account for the sugar increases at 1°C. Storage in 2% O₂ blocked the increase in CO₂ production and changes in constituents associated with HCN treatments in 20% O₂. HCN treatment had no significant effect on chip color. The level of CRR was measured in freshly cut slices from Monona, Norchip, and Kennebec tubers previously stored at 10°, 5°, or 1°C for several months. Slices from tubers previously stored at 1°C had increased CRR, but there was no difference in CRR between the 5°C and 10°C treatments. Sugars accumulated at 5°C, again indicating that sugar accumulation in potatoes stored at low temperatures was at least partially independent of the activation of CRR.