Two pregnane derivatives and a quinolone alkaloid from Helicteres angustifolia

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract from roots of Helicteres angustifolia led to the isolation of two new pregnane derivatives, heligenin A–B (1–2), and a new quinolone alkaloid, helicterone A (3), along with thirteen known compounds (4–16). The structures of new compounds were established by analysis of extensive spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by application of the modified Mosher's method. All of the isolates were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against HT-29 human colon cancer cells and OVCA 429 ovarian cancer cells by MTT assay.     

Cerebroside and ceramide from the pollen of Brassica napus L.

The new cerebroside 1-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(2 S, 3 S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosenoilamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (1) and ceramide (2 S, 3 S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosenoilamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the pollen of Brassica napus L. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic method. Two new compounds were evaluated for activity in vitro assays for the cytotoxic activities against human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (Tca8113).     

Two new glycosidated coumaramides from Clerodendron cyrtophyllum

Two new glycosidated coumaramides clerodendiod A (1) and B (2), together with seven known glycosidic compounds were isolated from the branches of Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz. Clerodendiod A and B were elucidated as β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2) on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. The isolated new compound 2 was assayed for the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and showed potent activity in inhibiting NF-κB which its IC₅₀ values was found to be 24.9 nM.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Hedyotis diffusa

Two new iridoid glucosides, named diffusosides A and B, were isolated from the aerial part of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis and HRESIMS. These two compounds showed no cytotoxic activity against SMMC-7721, SW480, SW620, Bel7402, and HepG2 cells.     

A new coumarin from Sarcandra glabra

Sarcandracoumarin (1), the first coumarin having a 1-phenylethyl substituent at the C-3 position, was isolated along with eleven known phenolic compounds from the water extract of Sarcandra glabra. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 exhibited moderate or weak cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines.     

Na2SO4胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长和光合生理的影响

采用盆栽控制试验,研究了不同浓度(0、60、120和180 mmol·L-1)Na2SO4胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明:(1)盐胁迫对沙枣幼苗生长具有显著的抑制效应。不同浓度Na2SO4胁迫沙枣的株高、侧枝数、总叶面积、单株叶片数、比叶面积以及各组织(除根)生物量均显著低于对照,且均随盐胁迫浓度的升高呈下降趋势,而根冠比值则由对照的0.153 1显著增加到180 mmol·L-1Na2SO4胁迫幼苗的0.348 7。(2)盐胁迫显著降低了沙枣幼苗的光合能力。随着Na2SO4胁迫的加剧,净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均呈下降的趋势,而气孔限制值(Ls)和水分利用效率(WUE)则依次增加,且Pn下降主要受气孔限制;180 mmol·L-1Na2SO4胁迫沙枣幼苗的Pn、Gs、Ci和Tr分别为对照的71.57%、30.85%、67.15%和51.65%,而Ls和WUE则分别为对照的1.91、1.38倍。(3)盐胁迫强度与幼苗株高、总叶面积、单株叶片数、比叶面积、茎生物量、叶生物量、总生物量等生长指标以及Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr等光合参数呈极显著负相关,叶片的光合参数与总叶面积、单株叶片数呈显著或极显著正相关,而叶片的生长指标、光合参数与幼苗的株高生长和生物量累积也呈显著或极显著正相关。     

Two new bisindole alkaloids from the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica

The reinvestigation of Strychnos nux-vomica resulted in the isolation of two colorless monoquaternary bisindole alkaloids from the seeds. The structures of the two new compounds named 4-N-hydroxymethyl strychnidin-17-acetic acid (1) and 10, 11-dimethoxy-4-N-hydroxymethyl strychnidin-17-acetic acid (2), were defined by detailed spectral analyses, especially ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, DEPT, HSQC, ¹H NMR–¹H NMR, NOESY, HMBC and TOF-MS.     

Two new chamigrane metabolites from fermentation broth of Steccherinum ochraceum

Two new chamigrane-type metabolites named steperoxides C (1) and D (2) were isolated from the basidiomycetes Steccherinum ochraceum. The structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectral methods (MS, IR, ID and 2D NMR experiments). Compounds 2 showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at 10 and 5 μg/disk.     

Two new benzofuran derivatives with anti-inflammatory activity from Liriope spicata var. prolifera

Two new benzofuran derivatives, 2-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-5,6-methylenedioxy-benzofuran () and 2-(4′-hydroxybenzoyl)-5,6-methylenedioxy-benzofuran (), along with 8 known compounds were isolated from 60% EtOH extract of the fibrous roots of Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. In an in vitro bioactive assay, the two new benzofuran derivatives showed anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against neutrophil respiratory burst stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) with IC₅₀ value of 4.15 ± 0.07 and 5.96 ± 0.37 μM, respectively.     

Two new triterpene saponins from the aerial parts of Paraquilegia microphylla

Two new triterpene saponins, paraquinosides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Paraquilegia microphylla (Royle) Dromm. et Hutch, a Tibetan ethnic medicine distributed in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. On the basis of 1D and 2D NMR evidence, their structure was elucidated as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-15-dehydroxyl-16-O-methyl-24, 25-deoxy-26-hydroxylshengmanol-26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-15-dehydroxyl-16-O-methyl-24, 25-deoxy-26-hydroxylshengmanol-26-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (2), respectively.     

Two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana

Two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone, garcimangosxanthone A–C (1–3), along with fourteen known xanthones were isolated from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against A549, LAC and A375 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 5.7–24.9 μM, which were comparable to those of doxorubicin.     

Two new lathyrane type diterpenoids from Euphorbia aellenii

Euphorbia aellenii Rech. f. (Euphorbiaceae) afforded a cytotoxic chloroform fraction from which two new esters of 6(17)-epoxylathyrol were identified (1 and 2). The structure of these compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

Two new minor cyclopeptides from Sagina japonica (Caryophyllaceae)

Two new minor cyclopeptides, named japonicin A (1), japonicin B (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Sagina japonica (Caryophyllaceae). Their structures were determined as cyclo-(Pro¹-Pro²-Leu²-Leu¹-Phe²-Pro³-Gly-Ser-Phe¹) (1) and cyclo-(Pro¹-Ile-Tyr-Asp-Pro²-Phe²-Pro³-Phe¹) (2) on the basis of spectroscopic data, especially by two-dimension NMR technologies.     

Four new flavonoids from the leaves of Morus mongolica

Four new flavonoids (1–4) were isolated from the leaves of Morus mongolica. The structures were determined on the basis of the spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR.     

A new proaporphine alkaloid from Meconopsishorridula

A new proaporphine alkaloid, 8, 9-dihydroprooxocryptochine (1), together with three known alkaloids, was isolated from the aerial parts of Meconopsishorridula Hook. f. & Thomson (Papaveraceae), a traditional Tibetan medicine. The structure of 1 was determined by spectroscopic methods.     

Two phenolic glycosides from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn

One new glycoside derivative from syringic acid and one new phenol glycoside, curculigoside E (1) and orchioside D (2), were isolated and characterized from the rootstock of Curculigo orchioides collected in the Nawalparasi District (Nepal). The structures of the new isolated compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods such as 1D, 2D NMR and MS.     

Two 22S-solanidine-type steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria anhuiensis

Phytochemical investigation of the fresh bulbs of Fritillaria anhuiensis S. C. Chen et S. E. Yin, resulted in the isolation of a known steroidal alkaloid solanidine of (22S,25S)-solanid-5-en-3β-ol (1), which has never yet been found as a natural substance, and of a new steroidal alkaloid (22S,25S)-solanid-5,20(21)-dien-3β-ol. Compounds 1 and 2 were the first solanidine-type alkaloids with 22-S configuration discovered from nature. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments.     

Two new triterpenoids from the roots of Actinidia chinensis

Two new triterpenoids (1, 2), together with one flavonoid glycoside and thirteen known triterpenoids were isolated from the roots of Actinidia chinensis Planch (Actinidiaceae). The structures of the new constituents were elucidated as 12α-chloro-2α, 3β, 13β, 23-tetrahydroxyolean-28-oic acid-13-lactone (1), 2α, 3α, 19α, 23, 24-pentahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (2). Structure elucidation was accomplished by 1D, 2D NMR spectra (HMQC, HMBC, ¹H-¹H COSY, TOCSY, and NOESY) and mass spectrometry (ESIMS). Moreover, two known triterpenoids showed positive cytotoxic activity against LOVO and HepG2 cell lines.     

沙枣耐盐性研究进展

沙枣（Elaeagnus angustifolia L.）为胡颓子科胡颓子属植物,在我国西北地区分布面积最广,具有抗旱、抗风沙、耐盐碱、耐贫瘠等特点。同时沙枣的枝、叶、花、果都具有开发利用价值,是集生态和经济效益于一体的重要树种。近年来,沙枣在我国多个省（市）干旱、半干旱及盐碱地区都有引种栽培,已成为我国北方生态脆弱地区造林绿化的一个先锋树种。文中对国内外近年来沙枣耐盐性研究进行了综述,包括盐胁迫对沙枣种子萌发、幼苗生长、光合特性、生理生化特性等方面的影响,以及AM真菌对沙枣耐盐性的影响,旨在为沙枣的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。     

A new diterpene from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata Nees

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract of the leaves of Andrographis paniculata yielded one novel diterpene (13R, 14R) 3, 13, 14, 19-tetrahydroxy-ent-labda-8 (17), 11-dien-16, 15-olide 1 which has an uncommon cis-diol groups in the lactone moiety, and 3, 19-isopropylidene-14-deoxy-ent-labda-8 (17), 13-dien-16, 15-olide 2, probably an artifact diterpene, together with eight known diterpenoids 3–10. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral methods. The structure and stereochemistry of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analyses.