中国木业的世界机遇

在中国大连非常成功的中国木制品贸易洽谈会上,透露出很多行业出口的关键趋势。来自 International WOOD Markets/R.E.Taylor &Associates 的咨询专家 Russell Taylor 和 Gerry Van Leeuwen 作为这次十月会议的联合主办方,随后又参观了分布在中国沿海的30家主要的木制品制造商,从北方的中俄边境到南方的广州地区,其中大多数是深加工产品制造商,比如,拼接板、集成材、单板、木线条、门窗、家具、地板、百叶窗、装饰用木线条等。每个企业所使用的原木和锯材原材料,因为工厂地理位置的不同而不同,一般与距离原材料资源最近以及价格最便宜的供应相关(例如俄罗斯原木和锯材,北美原木和锯材,国内原木和锯材,辐射松原木等)。     

北新集团人造板业务:"大木业"的翘楚

北新建材集团有限公司是国资委直属中央企业中国建材集团旗下的骨干企业。2010年,按照中国建材集团大建材和三新的战略规划,北新集团基于自身的主营业务实际,将木材、钢材和新型房屋业务确立为公司未来发展的重点。在此背景下,北新在原有木制品业务的基础上,开始构建全新的大木业发展格局,即按照完善产业链、国际国内市场一体化的要求,致力于原木、锯材以及高端人造板材在国内的发展。而这其中,板材业务作为公司的传统业务,由于其深厚的经营积淀,无疑在大木业的发展     

福敦木业:打造东北木业的第一品牌

敦化市把发展工业主导型经济作为优化经济结构、实现跨越式发展的根本出路,做大做强骨干企业,木制品支柱产业地位日益巩固,分别建立了福敦木业园区、丹峰林业家具工业园区。以福敦木业、天山木业、兴达木业、迎旭实业、天龙木业等为龙头的企业不断发展壮大,其中大福木门、胶合板、中密度纤维板、地板块、家具等国内名牌产品远销海内外。9月中旬,本刊记者专程走进福敦木业、大福门业、中联木业等三家闻名东北的木业企业进行采访。在敦化采访时,市委书记冯君建议记者去福敦木业园区看看,他说,福敦木业可谓是东北木业的领跑者。福敦木业有限公…     

江山"木业经济走廊"呼之欲出

早春的清晨，清凉冷嗖，才过５点，浙江省江山市贺村镇公路两侧的木材市场上便已车来人往，机器轰鸣，人声鼎沸。各县区地客商早早来到这里抢购他们所需的原木及产品。这里正是江山市着力打造的“木业经济走廊”所呈现出的生机。据有关人士介绍，贺村目前有木材加工企业２７６家，锯板机３２０多台，贩销木材的经营户６０多家，每天光为他们服务的拖拉机，汽车就有２００多辆，日均吞吐木材２０００多m３、毛竹１万多根，原木交易量达７０万m３，就业人数新增２０００多人。贺村这个不产木材的地方何以有如此兴旺的产业？业内人士称：一是抓…     

湖北想当苗木花卉大省

世纪之初，湖北省政府召开全省林业苗木花卉发展工作会议，贯彻落实省委书记蒋祝平关于“把湖北省花卉产业作为像国外荷兰、国内云南那样的大产业来发展”和省长张国光关于“重点产业要一个一个地抓起来，好的产品要一个一个地推出去”的指示精神，研究结合农业结构调整，推进苗木花卉产业发展的具体措施。新年伊始，湖北省人民政府办公厅发出了《关于大力发展花卉产业的决定》，对鲜花、盆景、绿化苗木、绿化草皮、根艺、赏石，观赏性鸟、虫、鱼以及相关产业的发展提出了具体的要求。认清当前形势，增加责任心紧迫感湖北省的苗木花卉业虽然…     

中集木业:打造世界最大的落叶松集装箱木底板生产基地

内蒙古森工集团实施工业化强企战略的一个重大举措是与全球规模最大、品种最全的集装箱制造集团———中国国际海运集装箱集团,合资组建内蒙古呼伦贝尔中集木业有限公司。这是迄今为止内蒙古大兴安岭林区历史上最大的招商引资项目。内蒙古森工集团与中集集团合作,实现了真正意义上的强强联合,具有布局全球的深远意义。据介绍,中集集团是中国最早的集装箱专业生产厂和最早的中外合资企业之一,连续9年保持集装箱行业国际市场份额第一的位置。中集集团也是全球唯一一家可以提供全部三大类集装箱的100多个品种产品的全球规模最大、品种最全的集…     

"做世界上最好的地板"——访广东康达木业有限公司董事长陈伟康先生

木质理念: 没有品质的产品是对木材资源的浪费 在陈伟康看来,业界的竞争日趋激烈,一个企业要做大做强,生产世界一流高品质的产品才是保证.而做好木制品关键两大要素,一个是原材料要好,一个是设备要好,做出来的产品才是高水平、高品质的,才能得到国际市场的认同.     

LIGNA 2019:聚焦木业原材料

<正>作为世界领先的木材加工、木工机械和工具展,2019年的汉诺威国际林业木工展(LIGNA2019)将于5月27—31日在德国汉诺威展览中心盛大开幕。本次展会净展览面积约13万m~2,涵盖露天展区及10个展厅。围绕木材加工的主题,LIGNA将举办各类高水准的展览和活动:1)锯木技术一创新与趋势导览参观。2019年,LIGNA首次为观众提供导览服务(德语和英语)。参观重点是锯木技术和工艺,包括:适用于定尺切     

波顿:中国木业市场投资新势力

引言:解读一个公司的成长历程,我们就会发现这样一个事实:成功自有一定道理。尤其当我们贴近一百多年历史的波顿公司,考察波顿公司的发展历史、经营理念,侧耳倾听波顿公司高层管理人员的经营目标与市场策略,一幅品牌创建和管理的战略地图就呈现在我们的面前,这对我们当今还处于成长期的中国木业市场无疑具有标杆和典范意义。     

树泰木业:专注于高档胶合板

广西贵港市树泰木业有限公司是广西泰竹集团旗下子公司,成立于2005年,以生产多层复合木地板基材、集装箱地板等产品为主,是一家专业生产加工各种高档胶合板的大型企业,产品获得了国内外相关木业权威机构的品质认证.     

实力强劲的中国私有木业航母--上海新高潮(集团)有限公司调查与思考

上海新高潮（集团）有限公司是一家以木材加工产品为主，兼营房地产、宾馆服务等多行业的综合性集团企业。１９９８、１９９９年被评为上海市优秀企业；２０００年，被评为全国民营企业制造业第１名；１９９７～２００１年连续５年被评为“上海市私营企业百强”第１名。２００１年，公司下属分公司２０家，占地面积１１３．３hm２，资产总额超过３８亿元，实现年销售额５５亿元，上缴税收超过１．６亿元；企业员工人数２万余人，其中科技人员及各类管理人员３００余人。一个曾经是不起眼的木业企业，成为上海乃至全国民营企业的“龙头老大”…     

Dead wood volume to dead wood carbon: the issue of conversion factors

Requirements for emission reporting under the Kyoto protocol demand an estimate of the dead wood carbon pool in forests. The volume of dead wood consists of coarse woody debris, smaller woody debris and dead roots. The measurement of dead wood volume was included in the most recent National Forest Inventory in Switzerland. To convert dead wood volume into carbon two conversion factors are required: (a) carbon (C) concentration and (b) wood density. So far internationally accepted default values for C concentration (50%) and for wood density (density of alive trees) were used as default values to estimate dead wood carbon, since local measurements were lacking. However, in a field study at 34 sites in Switzerland, the C concentration and density of CWD from Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica of four decay classes were measured recently. The results showed that C concentration in CWD differed significantly between species but did not change due to decay class. The density of CWD decreased significantly with an increase in decay class and it also differed between species. The decrease in CWD density was more pronounced for F. sylvatica than for P. abies. We assessed correlations between climate attributes and CWD density using regression analysis. The modeled densities and measured C concentrations were then expanded with the help of CWD volume data from the NFI3. Spruce CWD and thus spruce CWD carbon is much more abundant in Swiss forests than beech CWD carbon. The majority of spruce CWD is located in the Alps and Pre-Alps. The CWD volume from P. abies was 10 times higher than that from F. sylvatica. Thus, changes in conversion factors for P. abies CWD affected the overall estimate of dead wood carbon in Swiss forests much more than changes in conversion factors for F. sylvatica CWD. Current improvements in CWD conversion factors decreased the estimated amount of spruce CWD carbon by 23.1% and that of beech by 47.6%. The estimated amount of CWD carbon in Swiss forests is decreased by 31%. Since improved estimation methods are currently not applied to smaller woody debris and dead root material, the estimated amount of dead wood carbon is only reduced by 15%. Improving conversion factors for all dead wood fractions would presumably decrease the amount of dead wood carbon by additional 16%.     

"宫胁生态造林法"在上海外环环城绿带建设中的应用

<正>"宫肋生态造林法"具有建设成本低、后期管护少等优点,可以成为环城绿带建设的可选模式之一。目前,"宫胁生态造林法"已在世界各地被广泛应用,在我国北京、青岛、宁波、马鞍山、上海浦东等地,也成功地用于荒山植被恢复、高速公路绿带建设以及城市绿化建设。 "宫胁生态造林法"的理论基础是潜在植被理论和 理论,它提倡应用顶级群落的组成种采用容器育苗等"模拟自然"的手法和技术,通     

岑溪市森林资源生态系统服务功能及价值评估 — 以岑溪市中林林业发展有限公司森林资源为例

本研究选取岑溪市中林林业发展有限公司 2445. 33hm2森林资源的 4个龄组类型作为研究对象,采用 2021年 度森林资源规划设计调查的基本数据,从固碳释氧、涵养水源、净化空气、杀菌、土壤保持、生物多样性保护这 6 个方面 13 个指标来评估其生态系统服务价值。 结果表明:2445. 33hm2森林资源生态系统服务总价值高达 1. 16亿元,其中固碳释氧 价值总量为 3349. 46万元,涵养水源价值总量为 1309. 49万元,净化空气价值总量为 1077. 47万元,杀菌总价值为 72. 38 万元,土壤保持价值总量为 3296万元,生物多样性保护价值总量为 2445. 35万元;在 4种龄组类型中, 中龄林的生态价值 总量为 4612. 22万元,幼龄林的生态价值总量为 2921. 69万元,近熟林的生态价值总量为 2726. 09万元,成熟林的生态价 值总量为 1290. 14万元,各龄组林分的生态价值与其面积和蓄积呈正相关性。 此次生态价值核算结果为当地森林生态价 值实现机制和林业可持续发展提供了一定参考依据。     

上海郊野公园亲民措施的调研与思考

以三地融合为主线,通过对绿地、林地、湿地三地资源数据空间叠置分析,初步选定29块典型区域,并根据绿地、林地、湿地各项指标数据要求,拟框定嘉定菊园、松江泖港、闵行浦江、浦东滴水湖4块区域为三地融合典型区域的潜力空间,进而为郊野公园规划建设提供参考;采用问卷调查与访谈相结合的调查方法,根据三地融合一张图布局,对现有典型区域的三地融合形式,基本特征及市民游憩内容等现状情况进行调研,并围绕市民的认知、需求、愿景等方面开展了一系列亲民措施问卷调查,为郊野公园体系建立和后期的管理维护提供可参考性建议。     

Acoustoelastic effect of wood II: Effect of compressive stress on the velocity of ultrasonic longitudinal waves parallel to the transverse direction of the wood

The changes in the velocity of ultrasonic waves propagating in wood parallel to the direction of applied stress are discussed. The ultrasonic mode was longitudinal waves traveling along the direction of applied stress with the compressive load applied parallel to the transverse direction of the wood. The ultrasonic velocities were measured by the sing-around method. The experimental results indicated the existence of an acoustoelastic phenomenon in the transverse direction of the wood. The percent change in the ultrasonic velocity was given as a function of the applied stress. The change in the velocity depended on the species and structural direction of the wood. That is, in the radial direction of hardwood, the ultrasonic velocity increased with increases in compressive stress at the initial stress level of less than 2MPa; it then gradually decreased with increases in stress. A change in velocity from an increase to a decrease was considered a unique phenomenon for wood. In contrast, in the radial direction of softwood and the tangential direction of hardwood, the ultrasonic velocity decreased with increases in stress from the beginning of loading. This phenomenon is also generally observed in metallic materials. The relations between velocity and stress at the initial stress level and between velocity and strain in the range of large deformation are represented by essentially straight lines. The acoustoelastic constants of wood were obtained from these relations at the initial stress level. The absolute values of the constants in the transverse direction of wood were larger than those for metals and were larger than those for the longitudinal direction of wood reported in our previous paper.This research was presented at the 1st Meeting of the Research Society of the Acoustoelastic Measurements in the Japan Society of Non-Destructive Inspection at Osaka, October 1996 and at the 47th Annual Meeting of Japan Wood Research Society at Kochi, April 1997     

Mechanical properties of wood in an unstable state due to temperature changes,and analysis of the relevant mechanism VI: dielectric relaxation of quenched wood

To analyze the effects of lignin on the destabilization of wood due to quenching, we examined the dielectric properties of untreated and delignified wood before and after quenching at 20°C from 50 Hz to 100 MHz. For untreated wood, the inflection points of log ε′ and log σ vs log f and the peak of log(tan δ) vs log f were attributed to interfacial polarization before quenching, and the location of the inflection point shifted to a higher frequency with increasing moisture content because of changes in the water cluster. After quenching, the inflection points of log ε′ and log σ and the peak of log(tan δ ) shifted to higher frequency; however, the values of log ε′, log σ recovered to those before quenching with the passage of time. For delignified wood, dielectric relaxation was observed at a higher frequency than for untreated wood irrespective of quenching. It was inferred that the mobility of water molecules was influenced by the cluster surroundings because of increased number of adsorption sites in hemicellulose. Moreover, after quenching, the recovery process did not change greatly over time; it was shown that the matrix structure was affected more by quenching with the loss of lignin.     

Behavioral responses of the arboreal termite Nasutitermes corniger (Isoptera: Termitidae) to wood extracts

The termite Nasutitermes corniger is attracted to weathered wood, but it is not known whether this attraction is of chemical or physical nature. This work examines whether wood extracts can change the attraction of N. corniger to a food substrate. In a first experiment, filter paper impregnated with a eucalyptus extract, Eucalyptus grandis, and another one with a solvent were placed in the foraging arena of N. corniger nests under laboratory conditions. The extracts used were from weathered or unweathered wood. During the second experiment, two tests were performed using eucalyptus wood. First, a piece of unweathered wood was impregnated with an extract of weathered wood (treatment) or solvent (control). In the second test, a piece of weathered wood was impregnated with an extract of unweathered wood (treatment) and another one with solvent (control). At the end of the tests, the number of termite recruitment on each substrate was quantified. Filter paper recruited more termites when treated with unweathered wood extracts or with extracts of weathered wood than when impregnated with the solvent. Unweathered wood treated with extracts of weathered wood recruited more termites than the control. However, weathered wood impregnated with extracts of unweathered wood recruited similar numbers of termites as the same wood impregnated with the solvent. It was verified that chemicals from weathered or unweathered wood increased the foraging activity of N. corniger in neutral substrates, but only chemicals from weathered wood altered the attraction of N. corniger to eucalyptus wood.     

Segregation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus tereticornis</Emphasis> Sm. clones for properties relevant to solid wood products

Introduction   

Wood quality is an important criterion in the selection of superior genotypes when breeding for solid wood.     

Mechanical properties of wood in an unstable state due to temperature changes,and analysis of the relevant mechanism IV: effect of chemical components on destabilization of wood

In order to investigate the effects of chemical components and matrix structure on the destabilization of quenched wood, we examined the physical and mechanical properties of steam-treated wood, hemicellulose-extracted wood, and delignified wood, which were treated at different levels. For steam-treated and hemicellulose-extracted wood,the relative relaxation modulus of the quenched sample was lower than that of the respective control sample. For delignified wood, the relative relaxation modulus fell with weight loss and reached a minimum value at a certain weight loss, and subsequently increased significantly. The hygroscopicity of all treated samples changed slightly by steaming, whereas increased with removing the component. More-over, the average volumetric swelling per 1% MC at 100% relative humidity (RH) was less than at 75% RH and 93% RH for component-removed wood. It was clear that a void structure existed. As a result, the destabilization evaluated by the fluidity (1 - E _t/E ₀) of steam-treated wood was influenced by the amount of adsorbed water. For component-removed wood, destabilization increased temporarily at lower weight loss because of nonuniform cohesive structure. At high weight loss, destabilization will decreased because capillary-condensed water gathered in the voids and obstructed the motion of adsorbed water. However, the destabilization of all treated wood changed less than that of chemically modified wood.