福建转浙带鱼延绳钓生产面临问题及纾解措施探讨

<正> 一、转浙带鱼延绳钓生产面临的问题 (一)东海带鱼资源处于低水平向下波动目前东海带鱼资源根据科研部门估算预计有90万吨,其中东海区带鱼渔获量44万吨左右,日本、南朝鲜、我国台湾省及我国北方渔船在东海渔获15～20万吨。近几年由于江苏、浙江、上海大力发展大马力拖网船及     

不同温度下鳗热导率的测试

为了解决目前水产品在不同温度下热物性参数数据缺乏的问题,采用微热探针法测试系统对-30℃～20℃温度范围内鳗的热导率进行了系统测试.该测试装置简单、方便,测试时间短(小于40 s),试样温升小(<2℃),测试过程中可较为准确地反映试样所处状态的实际物性值.实验测定了20℃、10℃、0℃、-10℃、-20℃和-30℃等6种不同温度条件下鳗的热导率,测试结果表明:在保证较高的测量精度前提下,微热探针法测试系统可方便地测定鳗在不同温度条件下发生相变前后的热导率.温度对鳗的热导率具有显著影响,在冻结点以上,鳗的热导率随温度的升高而增加,而在冻结点以下,其热导率迅速增高,且随温度的下降而呈递增趋势.这一结果可为研究鳗冻结、解冻过程的工程计算提供准确的热物理性质参数,并可为今后研究冷冻或解冻过程的计算机模拟提供基础.     

噁喹酸和氟甲喹在鳗鱼体内的药代动力学研究

研究了单次血管注射喹酸(Oxolinicacid)和氟甲喹(Flumequine)后,在鳗鱼(Muraenesoxcinereus)体内的代谢规律及残留情况。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS)法进行喹酸和氟甲喹的检测,检测低限(LOD)1ng/ml;定量限(LOQ)5ng/ml。喹酸和氟甲喹的代谢过程均可以用一级代谢二室模型来描述,喹酸的分布半衰期:0·18h,消除半衰期:14·84h,总体清除率0·07L/kg·h;氟甲喹的分布半衰期:0·19h,消除半衰期:9·38h,总体清除率0·07L/kg·h。两种药物在鳗鱼体内都有很强的“首过效应”,易在胆汁中积累;给药72h后,喹酸和氟甲喹在可食用组织肌肉中的残留量分别为36·1ng/g和21·8ng/g,低于目前国外要求的最高残留量50ng/g和75ng/g。     

Re-examination of age and growth of daggertooth pike conger Muraenesox cinereus in the western Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Age determination and growth using otolith rings in Muraenesox cinereus was re-examined in the western Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Previous study in this area indicated that new rings were formed annually from March to May, and then from September to October once individuals had achieved four or five rings. In this study, monthly changes in marginal growth rate indicated that the first ring was formed before November in the year following hatching, and from then on another ring was formed annually in July or August. The birth month was determined to be August based on a peak in monthly change in the gonad somatic index. Estimated von Bertalanffy growth functions were L = 806.6{1 ? exp[? 0.33(t + 0.06)]} and L = 1264.0{1 ? exp[? 0.19(t + 0.15)]} for males and females, respectively. Lengths after 3 years of age in this study were 100 mm longer than those in a previous study for both sexes.     

海鳗Muraenesox cinereus(Forrsskål)延绳钓捕捞技术

海鳗延绳钓作业具有轻型、节能、高效、对渔获物选择性强等优点,是目前海洋捕捞业较为理想的新型作业方式.本文作者就其捕捞技术做了初步探讨.     

海鳗个体繁殖力与生物学指标的关系分析

采集了96 indⅢ期以上海鳗性腺样本,计算得到海鳗个体繁殖力的数据,分析了海鳗个体繁殖力与各生物学指标的关系。个体绝对繁殖力F变动范围为(5.3~384.8)×104egg;个体相对繁殖力FL变化范围为202~3847 egg/mm;FW变化范围为156~618 egg/g。通过对个体繁殖力与6个生物学指标的相关分析、回归分析、复合分析、综合分析和因子分析,发现海鳗的个体繁殖力与总重、性腺重的关系最密切。为了更好地反映出各生物学指标的综合作用,可以把生物学指标归纳成生长指标因子和性体指标因子来进行分析。     

海鳗Muraenesox cinereus(Forrssk(a)l)延绳钓捕捞技术

海鳗延绳钓作业具有轻型、节能、高效、对渔获物选择性强等优点,是目前海洋捕捞业较为理想的新型作业方式.本文作者就其捕捞技术做了初步探讨.     

Fisheries resource management of the daggertooth pike conger,Muraenesox cinereus,using existing limited datasets in the western Seto Inland Sea,Japan

The daggertooth pike conger, Muraenesox cinereus (Forsskål), has become an important fish resource in the western Seto Inland Sea, Japan, since the 1990s. However, introducing sustainable fisheries resource management for this species is difficult in this region because stock assessments have not been performed, and official fisheries statistics for this stock were discontinued after 2007. This study used existing limited data sets to compile the first report for fisheries resource management for this M. cinereus stock. Yield‐per‐recruit analyses showed that increasing fishing pressure above current levels would provide only a minimal increase in expected catch levels. Hence, the current harvest level is considered to represent the upper limit of fishing pressure. Age composition in a given year could potentially be used to forecast landing abundance for the following 2 years. This study provides a basis for establishing effective fisheries resource management strategies for M. cinereus.     

红旗泡水库鲢鳙饵料生物调查及鱼产潜力估算

于2013年6月和2014年9月对红旗泡水库6个采样点进行2次浮游生物调查,共采集到浮游植物48种,分属6门,平均密度375ind./L,平均生物量0.991mg/L;浮游动物14种,其中包括原生动物2种、轮虫类4种、枝角类3种、桡足类5种,平均密度114ind./L,平均生物量0.598mg/L。由此可估算鲢鳙鱼产潜力为133 489kg,其中,鲢生产潜力为50 460kg,鳙生产潜力为83 029kg。按照起水规格鲢2.0kg、鳙2.5kg计算,鲢和鳙鱼种理论放养比例大概为2∶3。     

孔雀石绿对日本鳗鲡的背景污染试验

用高压液相色谱法检测孔雀石绿和隐性孔雀石绿,研究了水体使用孔雀石绿后,池塘底泥孔雀石绿残留和泥土背景污染导致的鳗鲡肌肉中孔雀石绿的残留和消除.连续使用三次孔雀石绿24 h后,水体中无孔雀石绿残留.池塘使用孔雀石绿溶液浸泡后,导致池底泥沙中孔雀石绿残留,部分采样点检测到隐性孔雀石绿于泥沙中残留.池底孔雀石绿的残留,将导致鳗鲡孔雀石绿在肌肉中的残留,隐性孔雀石绿将长期于肌肉中滞留.孔雀石绿背景污染的池塘,应改造至无背景污染后使用,才能保障鳗鲡无孔雀石绿残留.     

黄鳝的囤养技术

简要介绍了黄鳝囤养池建造、投饲与水质管理、病害防治等方面的技术要点,并对囤养黄鳝的来源、选择和放养方法进行了细致的描述,对生产实际有一定的借鉴和指导意义.