石河子地区犬瘟热流行病学调查及其治疗

为了解石河子地区犬瘟热病死亡率与犬年龄、品种、季节、免疫接种之间的关系,从流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、鉴别诊断、治疗等方面对石河子三家大型宠物医院进行跟踪走访调查。探究犬瘟热的发病特点,并总结出一套犬瘟热较为有效的治疗方法。结果表明:犬瘟热发病数及病死率与犬的年龄、品种、季节、免疫接     

薛城地区犬瘟热病例的流行病学调查

犬瘟热（Canine distemper）又名卡氏病或硬垫病^[1],是犬感染犬瘟热病毒（CDV）引起的危害犬及食肉目动物的一种急性、热性、高度接触性致死性传染病^[2]。本研究以薛城区宠物门诊接诊的200例犬瘟热病例进行了分析研究,旨在了解薛城地区犬瘟热发病率、死亡率与犬年龄、品种、免疫接种、季节之间的关系,以便为当地宠物医院提供流行病学资料,     

南宁地区犬瘟热流行病学调查

为了掌握南宁地区犬瘟热流行病学情况,试验对2012年1—12月份在南宁地区宠物医院就诊的1 732例病犬进行调查与分析,通过犬瘟热胶体金试纸条法进行诊断,并统计和分析病例资料,研究犬瘟热发病率与犬性别、年龄、品种、季节、免疫状况等因素的关系。结果表明:检出犬瘟热阳性病例255例,总感染率为14.7%,犬瘟热感染存在性别、年龄、品种、季节和免疫状况的差异,其中3~12月龄幼犬感染率较高,纯种犬发病率最高,未免疫接种的犬感染率较高。     

藏獒犬细小病毒流行病学调查及其防治

为了解犬细小病发病率、死亡率与藏獒年龄、免疫接种、季节之间的关系,并总结出一套治疗藏獒犬细小病最有效的方法。在2009年1月至2010年2月收治100例临床藏獒犬细小病病例,从流行病学、各种诊断方法、病理剖检、治疗等方面进行深入全面的研究。结果表明,犬细小病发病率及死亡率与藏獒的年龄、免疫接种、季节有很大的关系;通过应用以被动免疫(犬细小病血清、犬细小单克隆抗体)和联合主动免疫(弱毒疫苗)为主的综合治疗方法取得了良好治疗效果。     

犬细小病毒病流行病学调查

犬细小病毒感染是由犬细小病毒引起的一种急性、热性、传染性疾病,临床上以出血性肠炎或心肌炎为主要特征。本研究对泰州某宠物门诊2010年1月－2011年3月期间接诊的260例犬细小病例进行了分析研究,旨在了解泰州地区犬细小病毒病发病率、死亡率与犬年龄、品种、免疫接种、季节等因素之间的关系,并总结防控犬细小病毒病最有效的方法。结果表明,犬细小病毒病发病率及死亡率与犬的年龄、品种、免疫接种、季节有很大的相关性,依此提出了防制对策,以期为防制犬细小病毒病提供参考。     

2012年至2014年南昌部分地区犬瘟热流行病学调查

本文对2012~2014年江西农业大学兽医院接诊犬的784个犬病例进行了统计分析,对犬瘟热(CD)的发病率、死亡率与犬的品种、年龄、免疫接种情况、季节、治疗用药、宠物主人的配合等方面进行了流行病学调查,结果:初诊CD病例86例,CD发病率达10.97%,平均治愈率仅为11.62%。且发现,连续治疗的治愈率,明显高于治疗不连续病例。     

犬细小病毒病流行病学调查及治疗措施

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起的犬的一种急性传染病,临床上常表现为剧烈呕吐、出血性肠炎、血性水样便、脱水、白细胞显著性减少和心肌炎。对宁夏银川海俊宠物诊疗所2012年1月至2013年1月跟踪记录调查360例犬细小病毒病进行了研究分析,旨在阐明银川地区犬细小病毒病的发病率、死亡率与品种、年龄、免疫接种、季节等因素之间的关系,并对犬细小病毒病的治疗及预防措施进行了讨论。     

犬瘟热的诊断与防治

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒（CDV）引起的一种急性、热性传染病,本病一年四季均可发生,CDV对热敏感,50℃～60℃30min即可灭活,在炎热季节CDV在犬群中不能长期存活。犬瘟热多流行于冬春寒冷季节,有一定的周期性。从临床病例来看,不同年龄、性别和品种的犬均可感染,以不满周岁的幼犬最为易感,犬群中自发性犬瘟热发生的年龄与幼犬断乳后母源抗体的消失有关。     

犬瘟热流行病学调查与防制措施

为了掌握菏泽地区犬瘟热流行病学情况,采用临床症状观察与实验室诊断相结合的方法对菏泽市3家动物医院共2716份病例进行检测。结果表明,检出犬瘟热阳性病例754份,总感染率为27.8%。犬瘟热感染存在品种、年龄、季节、性别和免疫状况的差异。其中,纯种犬发病率最高,为51.6%,土种犬发病率最低,为18.3%;3~12月龄的犬感染犬瘟热的比率最高,为65.1%,而3月龄以下的犬感染率最低,仅为2.5%;4~6月份是该病的高发期,从未接种过犬瘟热疫苗的犬发病率较高,而严格按照免疫程序接种疫苗的犬发病率较低。犬瘟热传播速度快、传染性强,因此做好犬瘟热病的免疫、隔离和消毒工作尤为重要。     

犬瘟热的预防和治疗

犬瘟热是由犬瘟热病毒引起的主要危害幼犬的传染性极强的传染病,每年各季均可发生,尤以初冬至早春寒冷季节发病率较高。犬不分性别、年龄均可感染。幼龄犬较成年犬敏感,纯种犬、警犬比土种犬易感。该病由于发病率高,死亡率高,是养犬的大敌。     

郑州市犬瘟热病毒感染血清学调查

为了解郑州市犬瘟热流行情况,为犬瘟热的预防提供参考依据。采用间接ELISA法对来自郑州市480份血清进行抗体水平的检测,结果显示480份犬血清中犬瘟热抗体平均阳性率为16.04%,其中3岁以下犬犬瘟热阳性率为13.13%,3岁以上犬犬瘟热阳性率为 2.91%。犬瘟热的发病率仍然很高,尤其是3岁以下的犬犬瘟热阳性率较为高,应引起高度重视,防止犬瘟热的传播。     

Cell-mediated immunity and age at vaccination associated with measles inoculation and protection of dogs against canine distemper.

The antibody-mediated immune response (AMIR) of dogs to measles and canine distemper viruses has been described. However, there is little information on the cell-mediated immune response (CMIR). The AMIR and the CMIR of dogs to canine distemper and to measles were examined. The CMIR was determined for 6 weeks by measuring the 3H-thymidine uptake by immune lymphocytes in the lymphocyte transformation test. Concurrently, canine distemper and measles virus serum-neutralization antibodies were measured by a microtitration serum-neutralization test. Dogs vaccinated with canine distemper virus had a CMIR and an AMIR to canine distemper. However, measles virus-vaccinated dogs had only a CMIR to canine distemper. A CMIR in the absence of an AMIR indicates that cell-mediated immunity is the most important immune mechanism in protecting measles virus-vaccinated dogs against canine distemper. Development of CMIR and AMIR to canine distemper and measles antigens depended on the age of the dog at the time of vaccination. Adult and juvenile dogs had immune responses to both canine distemper and measles. Neither virus, however, elicited an immune response in neonates.     

犬瘟热的诊断

犬瘟热是危害犬、狐、貂最严重的烈性传染病之一。作者对某试验动物犬饲养厂的病死犬进行临床症状观察,病理剖检及实验室诊断,通过病毒的分离培养及间接免疫荧光鉴定,确诊为犬瘟热病毒感染。鉴于该病的危害程度,建议加强对犬瘟热病的诊断及监控。     

Serosurvey for canine distemper virus exposure in dogs in communal lands in Zimbabwe

Sera from 173 apparently healthy, unvaccinated dogs from 4 widely separated communal lands in Zimbabwe were tested by ELISA for antibodies against canine distemper virus. Overall, 82% were positive with high prevalences found in each communal land. The highest seroprevalence was in dogs between 1 and 2 years of age (91%; 49/54). These results show dogs in the communal lands of Zimbabwe are commonly exposed to canine distemper virus and that a substantial number survive infection. The role that the virus might play in the high mortality rate of the dog population on communal land warrants further investigation.     

Juvenile cellulitis in an 8-month-old dog

An 8-month-old, crossbred dog, presented with a painful, swollen face. The problem was of 4 weeks duration and had not responded to antibiotics. A diagnosis of canine juvenile cellulitis was based on the clinical presentation and supportive cytological and histopathological changes. Attempts to identify canine distemper virus were not successful. Complete resolution occurred with glucocorticoid therapy. This is the first report of canine juvenile cellulitis in a dog of this age.     

Effects of vaccines on the canine immune system.

The effects of several commercially available polyvalent canine vaccines on the immune system of the dog were examined. The results demonstrated that the polyvalent vaccines used in this study significantly suppressed the absolute lymphocyte count and that most of the polyvalent vaccines significantly suppressed lymphocyte response to mitogen, but had no effect on natural effector cell activity, neutrophil chemiluminescence, nor antibody response to canine distemper virus. The individual vaccine components from the polyvalent vaccines when inoculated alone did not significantly suppress the lymphocyte response to mitogen. However, when canine distemper virus was combined with canine adenovirus type 1 or canine adenovirus type 2, significant suppression in lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogen occurred. The results indicate that interactions between canine distemper virus and canine adenovirus type 1 or canine adenovirus type 2 are responsible for the polyvalent vaccine induced suppression of lymphocyte responsiveness.     

犬瘟热的流行病学调查及中西兽医结合治疗

对福建省厦漳地区近几年宠物医院收治的200例犬瘟热患犬的临床症状、发病与品种、年龄和季节的关系,治疗方法和结果进行总结分析。结果表明,犬瘟热的临床症状主要表现为眼、鼻有脓性分泌物,皮肤痘疹,消化道和神经系统症状,角膜溃疡甚至穿孔等。纯种犬的发病比例最高(69%),其次为杂种犬(24%),本地犬最低(7%);4~6月龄犬的发病比例最高(35%),1岁以上犬最低(4%);春季、秋季的发病比例(49%、37%)高于夏季、冬季(13%、10%)。单纯的中兽医或西医治疗效果(60%、50%)都不理想,中西兽医结合治疗的效果最好(90%)。     

RT-PCR检测宠物犬的犬瘟热病毒

为了寻找一种在早期快速准确检测宠物犬犬瘟热病毒(CDV)的方法,从临床上疑似CDV感染犬抗凝血中分离出血淋巴细胞,从中提取总RNA,引用曾在警犬上成功检测到CDV的引物序列,反复摸索RT-PCR反应条件,经凝胶电泳观察到在理论设计处(287 bp)出现了光亮条带,说明已成功地从宠物犬中检测出CDV。表明该引物序列和改良的RT-PCR反应条件适合于检测宠物犬CDV感染。     

Research Progress on Diagnostic Technique of Canine Distemper

In recent years, canine distemper is a serious damage to health development of dog and fur animal breeding industry.Fast and accurate diagnostic technique is particularly important for canine distemper prevention.At the present stage, canine distemper diagnostic techniques mainly include virus isolation, culture and microscopy observation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), immunohistochemistry, immune colloidal gold technique, nucleic acid hybridization technique, nested RT-PCR, Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, double PCR, gene chip technology, liquid phase chip technology, loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology, and so on.The key of isolation, culture and microscopy observation of canine distemper virus is to obtain a susceptible cell lines that can produce typical CPE.We review research progress on diagnostic techniques of canine distemper, so as to provide simple and highly effective detecting technique for preventing and controlling epidemic and outbreak of canine distemper.     

犬瘟热诊断技术的研究进展

近年来,犬瘟热已严重危害了犬及毛皮动物养殖业的健康发展,快速、准确的诊断技术对于犬瘟热的预防显得尤为重要。现阶段犬瘟热诊断技术的研究主要有病毒分离培养与镜检观察、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、免疫组化、免疫胶体金、核酸杂交、巢式RT-PCR、实时荧光定量RT-PCR、双重PCR、基因芯片、液相芯片、环介导等温扩增等。获得能产生典型细胞病变的易感细胞株是成功进行犬瘟热病毒分离培养与镜检观察的关键。作者就犬瘟热诊断技术的研究进展作一综述,为有效预防和控制犬瘟热的流行和暴发提供简便、高效的检测技术。