共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
本研究以金线莲组培苗茎段为试材,采用“二加二”法,即“两步诱导”(1. 利用暗培养诱导出白化茎段;2. 由白化茎段诱导类原球茎)加“两步增殖”(1. 新诱导的类原球茎在诱导培养基上培养3周;2. 利用L16(4 5)正交试验优选增殖培养方案)的方法,研究外植体来源、外植体处理方式、暗培养时间、培养基及附加成分对类原球茎诱导的影响,以及培养时间、光照强度、紫外光照射时间对类原球茎增殖的影响,并比较“二加二”法与传统单步法的培养效果。结果表明,适宜白化茎段诱导类原球茎的培养基为MS + 2.5 mg/L 6-BA +0.2 mg/L NAA +1.0 mg/L S3307。黑暗腋生白化茎段是最佳外植体,最佳处理方式为整个茎段平放,3周暗培养得到的白化茎段能够显著提高类原球茎的诱导率。增殖培养5个因素对结果的影响顺序为:NH4 +/NO3 ->NAA浓度>6-BA浓度>S3307浓度>蔗糖浓度。最佳配比为MS+0.5 mg/L S3307+4.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.4 mg/L NAA+ NH4 +/NO3 -(15 mmol∶45 mmol)+ 蔗糖40 g/L,可获得增殖鲜重为246.90 g/L。增殖培养最佳时间6周。光照强度500 lx和253.7 nm紫外光每天照射6 h连续6周适宜类原球茎的增殖和总黄酮的积累。利用“二加二”法建立了金线莲类原球茎高效培养新体系,该体系诱导率、初始材料扩大倍数、增殖倍数均高于传统单步诱导法。92%的类原球茎能够稳定增殖,不发生分化和愈伤组织化。 相似文献
2.
蜜糖文心兰的组培快繁技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以文心兰盆栽品种‘蜜糖'的侧芽为实验材料,研究基本培养基、激素配比、pH值、蔗糖浓度和添加物等对原球茎增殖的影响,探讨文心兰的生根壮苗与炼苗移栽技术.结果表明:(1)文心兰侧芽茎尖在MS+6-BA 4.0mg/L+NAA 1.0mg,L的培养基上能形成原球茎;培养基的pH值为5.8时较有利于原球茎的增殖;最适宜原球茎增殖的培养基为:MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L+10%香蕉泥.(2)原球茎在MS+6-BA 0.6 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg,L+蔗糖30 g/L的培养基上能分化出芽,萌芽率可达83.4%;无根苗在1/2 MS+IAA 0.2 mg/L+10%香蕉泥+蔗糖30 g,L的培养基上能形成完整植株,培养35 d后的生根率为92.5%,且假鳞茎饱满,植株健壮,试管苗移栽在水苔上的成活率可达94.6%. 相似文献
3.
蝴蝶兰丛生芽途径的组织培养技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对蝴蝶兰丛生芽途径的组织培养进行研究,结果表明,不经过愈伤组织直接诱导丛生芽的过程中,6-BA是影响蝴蝶兰丛生芽诱导的重要因素,6-BA浓度达3.0mg/L以上时丛生芽的诱导率就可达100%;在丛生芽增殖过程中,6-BA8.0mg/L处理效果最好,丛生芽增殖率可达304%;6-BA8.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L的处理更能促进蝴蝶兰丛生芽的增殖效果,丛生芽增殖率可达506%;生根培养基组合MS+NAA0.5mg/L+10%椰子汁的生根效果较好。 相似文献
4.
对花叶玉簪的组织培养进行研究,结果表明:MS为最适基本培养基,以MS+6-BA5.0mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L为诱导培养基可得到最多的萌发芽;在正交试验中,增殖系数影响因子对增殖的影响由大到小为6-BA>NAA>蔗糖,其最适继代增殖培养基为MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L+蔗糖30g/L;最适生根培养基为1/2MS+IAA0.7mg/L+蔗糖15g/L;移栽成活率可达80%~90%以上。 相似文献
5.
6.
以铁皮石斛(Dendrobium candidum Wallichex Lindley)无菌苗分成的茎段、带顶芽的茎段和根蔸3类外植体在MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L上均能诱导出丛芽,只有根蔸能诱导原球茎,且诱导丛芽倍数高于其它两类;在此培养基上原球茎的增殖系数高于其它组合的培养基;温度对原球茎继代增殖有明显影响,(25±1)益最适合原球茎的生长繁殖;温度对生根的影响较为明显,较低的温度(23℃)有利于减少分生苗的数量,形成健壮高大的试管苗,适量的香蕉能促进形成粗壮的根和苗。 相似文献
7.
以贵港报春苣苔的叶片为外植体,研究不同培养基对其不定芽诱导和增殖、愈伤组织诱导与分化以及生根的影响。结果表明,外植体叶片以纵切为宜,不定芽诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA 4.0 mg/L+IAA 1.5 mg/L,愈伤组织诱导最适培养基为MS+6-BA3.0~5.0 mg/L+2,4-D0.5~1.0 mg/L,不定芽诱导率以及愈伤组织诱导率均为100.00%;愈伤在MS+KT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基上分化系数达12.64;不定芽在MS+ZT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.10 mg/L+potato 30 g/L+banana 30 g/L+apple 20 g/L+coconut juice 100 mL/L培养基的增殖系数为8.55;不定芽在3/4 MS+NAA 0.01~0.05 mg/L+活性炭1.0~3.0 g/L培养基上的生根率为100.00%。综上所述,叶片纵切后能通过不定芽途径以及愈伤组织途径建立贵港报春苣苔的组织培养技术体系,在该体系下不定芽增殖系数高、愈伤分化高,组培苗生根好。 相似文献
8.
9.
以腋芽为外植体,建立莫氏兰的组织培养和再生体系。结果表明:腋芽采用0.1%升汞消毒2次的效果最好;6-BA 4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L的激素配比适合原球茎诱导;原球茎增殖培养基的最佳6-BA、NAA浓度分别是1.0、0.1 mg/L;不定芽诱导培养基的最适6-BA、NAA浓度分别是0.5、0.05 mg/L;在生根培养基VW(含NAA 0.5 mg/L,香蕉40 g/L,土豆30 g/L,糖20 g/L,卡拉胶8.0 g/L,活性炭1.5 g/L)上幼苗生根率达到100%;移栽成活率达95%。 相似文献
10.
银后粗肋草的离体培养和快速繁殖 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以银后粗肋草的幼嫩叶片为材料,研究不同植物生长调节剂组合对愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响;以带侧芽的茎段为材料,研究不同接种方式、不同6-BA和NAA组合对丛生芽诱导的影响;以愈伤组织诱导的不定芽和茎段诱导的丛生芽为材料,研究不同植物生长调节剂组合对丛生芽的增殖和生根的影响;最后研究不同移栽基质组合对试管苗移栽成活的影响。结果表明:(1)叶片接种在MS+6-BA 2.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基培养中60 d后,愈伤组织诱导率为63.41%,不定芽再生率为26.88%,平均生成芽数为3.80个。(2)带侧芽的茎段水平放置接种在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上,丛生芽诱导率为91.91%,平均生成芽数为5.29个。(3)将经叶片诱导愈伤组织分化所得的不定芽和经茎段诱导所得的丛生芽切成单株,接种到MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L或MS+KT 3.0~4.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L增殖培养基中,不定芽和丛生芽增殖和生长良好。(4)将在增殖培养基中长至4 cm以上的小植株转入到1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L的生根培养基中培养20 d后,生根率达100%,平均根长4.49 cm,每株平均根数6.80条。(5)生根苗移栽到1/2木屑+1/4珍珠岩+1/4菜园土混合基质中,成活率达95.40%。 相似文献
11.
Sena L.P. VanderJagt D.J. Rivera C. Tsin A.T.C. Muhamadu I. Mahamadou O. Millson M. Pastuszyn A. Glew R.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,52(1):17-30
In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply. 相似文献
12.
通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT50)的变异范围为-7.6~-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。 相似文献
13.
14.
橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为1:2048。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达30%-37%,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达85.7%。 相似文献
15.
R. W. Summers 《Crop Protection》1989,8(6):451-454
One hundred and fifty-six pre-roost gatherings of starlings were observed at 28 sites around a roost in west Norfolk during winter. Pre-roost gatherings occurred more frequently at individual farmyards compared with individual fields, but 82% of the sites where gatherings occurred were on fields. The size of gatherings was greater, the closer to the roost. Birds in pre-roost gatherings on fields of autumn-sown winter wheat spent most of the time feeding and had a diet composed almost exclusively of wheat seeds. Birds in gatherings on grass fields also fed intensively whereas only 31% of birds at farmyards were feeding. The implications that these results have with regard to potential damage to fields of winter wheat and around farmyards are discussed. 相似文献
16.
为深入研究昆虫病原真菌蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的功能,根据蝉拟青霉基因组信息克隆疏水蛋白PChyd基因,对该基因序列进行生物信息学分析,使用qRT-PCR技术对其在不同培养条件或阶段下的表达模式进行分析,并通过酶切酶连的方法构建了该基因的敲除载体。结果表明:PChyd基因的开放阅读框序列全长303 bp,编码100 aa,包含22 aa的信号肽序列和70 aa疏水蛋白功能区域。系统发育分析显示该基因与粗糙虫草菌亲缘关系最近。qRT-PCR结果显示PChyd基因在PDA培养的菌丝体、诱导的附着胞、诱导的芽生孢子中表达量显著高于另外2个样品,其中芽生孢子表达量最高,暗示该基因在蝉拟青霉侵染初期和在昆虫血腔中定殖阶段可能具有重要作用。凝胶电泳结果表明,成功构建了该基因的敲除载体,扩增出含有上臂、HPH、下臂的3356 bp左右的片段。本研究为进一步探究蝉拟青霉疏水蛋白PChyd基因的致病机理、生防工程菌的改造奠定了基础。 相似文献
17.
为了寻找一种高效的荔枝果实瞬时基因表达方法,本研究以荔枝品种‘新球蜜荔’(Litchi chinensis Sonn. var. ‘Xinqiumili’)为试材,利用农杆菌注射法对荔枝果实组织进行转化,研究了果实发育时期、菌株种类、注射部位、取样时间、菌液浓度等对转化效率的影响。结果表明:选择果肉已完全包裹种子的Ⅱb期果实进行连体注射,在果柄、果皮、种子、果肉分别注入OD600值为2.4的农杆菌菌株GV3101,4 d后取样进行检测,4个组织的GUS染色率较高。本研究成功建立了适用于荔枝果实的基因瞬时表达系统,为今后快速鉴定荔枝果实相关基因功能提供了基础。 相似文献
18.
2020年10月17日,《中华人民共和国生物安全法》(以下简称《生物安全法》)通过全国人大常委会的审议,自2021年4月15日起施行.生物技术的研究与应用安全是《生物安全法》涉及的主要内容之一,基因编辑作为近几年生物技术领域的研究热点,其安全性评价和监管备受关注.本文概述了基因编辑技术的应用现状,比较了不同国家对基因编... 相似文献
19.
波罗蜜叶片突变体叶绿素含量测定和超微结构观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
波罗蜜(Artocarpus heterophyllus)是一种热带果树,至今对其突变体的研究少有报道。本研究以波罗蜜叶片为试验材料,探究其叶片出现白化和返绿现象的可能原因。(1)用分光光度计法、比色法测定波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素及叶绿素前体物质含量;(2)用叶绿素酶Elisa试剂盒测定叶绿素酶活性;(3)用透射电子显微镜对叶绿体的超微形态结构进行观察。研究结果表明:(1)不同叶色所产生的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量、类胡萝卜素含量均存在显著差异;(2)波罗蜜叶片突变体和正常绿叶的叶绿素合成前体物质含量之间并没有出现显著性差异;(3)对波罗蜜叶片的叶绿素酶活性进行测定时,发现其活性出现显著差异,但对其叶绿素含量的差异性并没有产生较大影响;(4)观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体超微形态结构时,发现正常绿叶的叶绿体形态完好且数量较多,白化叶和返绿叶的叶绿体内部结构存在缺陷,其原因是叶绿体基粒构建阶段受阻;基于测定波罗蜜叶片中的叶绿素、叶绿素前体物质含量和叶绿素酶活性,并观察波罗蜜叶片内叶绿体的超微形态结构,对得到的数据结果进行比较分析。本研究推测是在叶绿素合成阶段,原脱植基叶绿素合成叶绿素时受阻及叶绿体发不良导致波罗蜜出现白化和返绿现象,为今后进一步综合研究波罗蜜突变体提供理论依据。 相似文献
20.
Insect pest management is facing the economic and ecological challenge worldwide due to the human and environmental hazards caused by majority of the synthetic pesticide chemicals. Identification of novel effective insecticidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates. Botanicals containing active insecticidal phytochemicals appear to be promising to address some of these problems. Therefore, there is a continuous need to explore new active molecules with different mechanisms of action. Secondary metabolites present in plants apparently function as defense (toxic), which inhibits reproduction and other processes. The phytochemical biomolecules could be used for maximizing the effectiveness and specificity in future insecticide design with specific or multiple target sites, while ensuring the economic and ecological sustainability. In this article, the current state of knowledge on phytochemical sources and insecticidal activity, their mechanism of action in insects, resistance, and promising advances made in phytochemical research are reviewed. 相似文献