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【目的】探讨超级稻再生稻适时播种期,为充分利用山区光、温、水资源,指导山区农民适时播种,合理衔接超级稻、再生稻与油菜生育期提供技术指导。【方法】对比融水、三江两县不同播期对超级稻头季稻及再生稻生物学、经济学性状的影响。【结果】超级稻播期每推迟5 d,头季稻叶龄、基本苗、最高苗数、有效穗数增加,始穗期、齐穗期、成熟期后推1~4 d,全生育期缩短1~4 d,成穗率、穗粒数、实粒数、产量降低;再生稻生育期延迟,其生物学、经济性状均呈退化趋势;在气候条件允许情况下,留低桩,延长营养生长期,有利于获得高产。【结论】海拔140 m以下地区,超级稻宜在3月中下旬早播,最迟不超过4月8日,再生稻留10~20 cm低桩,通过促大穗大粒获得高产;海拔250 m以上中稻地区,超级稻宜3月19~24日播种,最迟不超过4月3日,再生稻留高桩,保留倒2节,通过提高有效穗而获得高产。 相似文献
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头季稻与再生稻的品质比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对20个水稻品种(组合)头季稻与再生稻的碾米品质、蒸煮品质、外观品质及营养品质进行了分析.结果表明,除精米粒形(长宽比)头季稻与再生稻无多大变化外,糙米率、垩白粒率、垩白度头季稻均高于再生稻,而糊化温度的碱消值则低于再生稻;头季稻与再生稻的精米率、整精米率、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量及蛋白质含量品种(组合)间存在明显差异,但大多数品种(组合)再生稻的精米率、整精米率比头季稻高,而直链淀粉和蛋白质含量则比头季稻低;总体评价是再生稻的米质比头季稻好. 相似文献
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用二次回归正交旋转组合设计法,研究头季稻密度和肥料对再生稻产量的影响,并建立了数学模型,解析了单因子效应和交素作用,得出川东地区头季稻留蓄再生稻最优农艺措施组合方案为:密度30.73-31.54万窝/ha,N126.21-128.96kg/ha,P2O580.34-82.78kg/ha,K2O95.42-103.84kg/ha,头季稻产量可达8250kg/ha,再生稻产量达3000kg/ha以... 相似文献
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适宜的再生稻生产技术具有重要作用,开展兼顾头季稻+再生稻综合产量的再生稻关键技术研究,可为再生稻生产提供技术理论和实践指导.2018年在江西省南昌县以深两优5814为试验水稻品种,头季稻在历年早稻普遍播种期的基础上,另外提前10 d和推后10 d共分3期播种.各播期头季稻移栽至大田后采取相同的田间生产管理,在头季稻生长过程中按照农业气象观测规范观测头季稻的发育期.不同播期头季稻成熟时分别在八成熟、九成熟、十成熟,且每一个成熟度下又分别选取20、40、60 cm的留桩高度收割.对不同播期、不同成熟度收割的头季稻取样考种、实地测产,并进行产量结构和发育期分析.不同收割处理后的头季稻萌发成再生稻,采取相同的田间生产管理,并按照农业气象观测规范对再生稻进行生育期观测,再生稻成熟后收割,分别取样考种及测产,并对再生稻进行产量结构和发育期分析.结果表明,播种移栽早的头季稻的发育期普遍较早,且比相邻迟播头季稻达到相同成熟度的日期早3~5 d.头季稻千粒质量(y)与全生育期(x)存在一元线性关系,y=0.1777x+7.1181(r2=0.6246),适当延长生育期增加成熟度对头季稻的产量有利.在20~60 cm的留桩高度范围内,再生稻的生育期随着留桩高度的降低而推迟.不同播期的再生稻,在穗粒数、穗结实粒数、千粒质量、实收产量和秕谷率方面均无显著差异,虽第1播期再生稻的结实率较高,但在有效茎数方面,第3播期显著比第1、第2播期高,导致第3播期理论产量显著比第1、第2播期大.八成熟收割头季稻的再生稻在穗粒数、穗结实粒数、结实率、千粒质量、理论产量和实收产量方面均比九成熟、十成熟收割头季稻的再生稻高.头季稻收割时留桩高度40 cm对再生稻产量形成比较适宜.从全年产量而言,头季稻选择任一播期均可.头季稻八成熟度收割全年水稻产量较高,且八成熟度收割头季稻的再生稻单产明显高于九成熟度、十成熟度收割头季稻的再生稻单产.生育期长有利于千粒质量的增加,播期早、十成熟度的头季稻可以获得较高的产量;头季稻八成熟、40 cm留桩高度收割对再生稻适宜.综合考虑头季稻+再生稻的产量及效益,以及江西省南昌市南昌县早稻的种植习惯,南昌县再生稻生产的关键技术措施为头季稻3月底播种,头季稻在八成熟、留40 cm稻桩收割. 相似文献
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1996-97年在古田吉巷、宁德霍童和洋中进行试验,结果表明:适当提早搁田有利于稳定穗数,提高成穗率,改善群体质量,增加每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重;在采用平稳施肥法时,总茎蘖苗数达预期穗数80%左右时搁田,能显著提高成穗率和群体质量,并兼顾穗数和穗粒数,取得较高的单位面积总颖花量,仍能获得高产,前期施肥量越大,必须辅之以更早搁田。 相似文献
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播种期对超高产再生稻生育及干物质生产的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以两优培九为材料,研究了播种期对超高产再生稻干物质生产的影响.结果表明,早播早栽的头季生长期延长,再生季生长期缩短;头季分蘖高峰期延长,分蘖数增多;头季籽粒干重增长较快,从抽穗后6~25 d左右,粒重迅速提高,此后粒重增长趋于平缓;晚播晚栽的头季籽粒干重增长较慢.早播早栽的头季产量增长7.18%~9.56%,再生季增长53.47%. 相似文献
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旱区超级稻再生栽培试验初报 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为应对钦州市秋冬春三季连旱对水稻生产的威胁,在旱区对7个超级稻品种(组合)进行了再生栽培对比试验。结果显示,早稻平均产量以两优培九最高,其次为Y两优1号、新两优6号;晚稻再生稻的平均产量以两优培九最高,其次为中浙优1号、特优航1号;年均产量以两优培九最高,其次是中浙优1号,其他超级稻品种(组合)的年平均产量也比普通杂交稻(对照)的高。综合各参试超级稻的产量结果、田间表现、稻米品质、生长势与再生能力等因素分析,以中浙优1号、两优培九两个品种(组合)最为理想,可作为今后钦州市超级稻再生栽培的主推品种(组合)。 相似文献
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采用大田试验,以龙两优072和深优9576为材料,研究再生稻的产量形成及其与头季稻的关系。结果表明:不同杂交组合各节位再生稻的叶面积指数(LAI)和干物质积累量均以倒2节最高,倒4节最低;再生稻的产量与头季稻分蘖盛期、孕穗期、齐穗期和乳熟期的LAI均呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.864、0.896、0.935、0.941;不同杂交组合头季稻与再生稻干物质积累量均以乳熟期最大,分蘖盛期最小,再生稻产量与头季稻乳熟期的干物质积累量呈正相关(r=0.451);再生稻根系活力和光合速率较头季稻高,叶绿素含量较头季稻小;再生稻孕穗期和齐穗期的根系活力与产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.913和0.843;再生稻分蘖盛期、孕穗期和乳熟期的叶绿素含量与产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.913、0.943和0.927;再生稻分蘖盛期、齐穗期和乳熟期的光合速率与产量呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.722、0.791和0.727;从头季稻齐穗期至成熟期,不同杂交组合再生芽的平均芽长均以倒3节最长;齐穗期后12 d至成熟期,活芽率随着节位的降低呈下降趋势;14C光合产物在穗部的分配比例最高,在非标记叶中最低;有效穗数和结实率对再生稻的产量起决定作用,倒2、倒3节对总产量的贡献率达70%左右。 相似文献
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研究超级稻中浙优1号3种不同留桩高度对再生稻产量和生育期的影响,结果表明:以留桩高度25cm处理再生稻的穗粒数、结实率、有效穗、生育期等整体搭配较为合理,产量最高。 相似文献
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ZHENG Chang WANG Yue-chao XU Wen-ba YANG De-sheng YANG Guo-dong YANG Chen HUANG Jian-liang PENG Shao-bing 《农业科学学报》2023,22(1):80-91
The border effect (BE) is widely observed in crop field experiments, and it has been extensively studied in many crops. However, only limited attention has been paid to the BE of ratoon rice. We conducted field experiments on ratoon rice in Qichun County, Hubei Province, Central China in 2018 and 2019 to compare the BE in the main and ratoon crops, and to quantify the contribution of BE in the main crop to that in the ratoon crop. The BE of two hybrid varieties was measured for the outermost, second outermost, and third outermost rows in each plot of both crops. To determine the contribution of BE between the two crops, portions of hills in the outermost and second outermost rows were uprooted during the harvest of the main crop so that the second and third outermost rows then became the outermost rows in the ratoon crop. Overall, the BE on grain yield was greater in the main crop than in the ratoon crop. In the main crop, the BE on grain yield was 98.3% in the outermost row, which was explained by the BE on panicles m–2, spikelets/panicle, spikelets m–2, and total dry weight. In the ratoon crop, the BE on grain yield was reduced to 60.9 and 27.6% with and without the contribution of the BE in the main crop, respectively. Consequently, 55.1% of the BE on grain yield in the ratoon crop was contributed from the main crop. High stubble dry weight and non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation at the harvest of the main crop were responsible for the contribution of BE in the main crop to that in the ratoon crop. Our results suggest that increases in stubble dry weight and NSC accumulation at the harvest of the main crop could be important strategies for developing high-yielding cropping practices in the rice ratooning system. 相似文献
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Ratoon rice cropping is an important component of the rice cropping system in Texas and south Louisiana, USA, and expanded to Asian countries in 1970. Two field studies were conducted with widely planted rice(Oryza sativa L.) cultivars at Eagle Lake, Texas, USA to determine the effects of nitrogen(N) management in main(first) crop(MC) and ratoon(second) crop(RC) on RC yield. In 2012 and 2013, one cultivar(Presidio) was adopted to determine the effects of RC N management on ratoon yield and head rice yield. In 2016 and 2017, CL153, CL163 and CL272 in addition to Presidio were adopted to examine the effect of MC N management on ratoon yield and head rice yield. N applied at preflood after MC harvest considerably improved RC yield. Application of 99 kg N ha–1 at preflood after MC harvest was practically adequate for RC regrowth, development and approaching the yield potential for Presidio. RC could produce quite high average grain yields of 5.90 to 6.53 t ha–1 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Main crop N rate only significantly affected MC yield; however, given N applied of 99 kg ha–1 at preflood after MC harvest, ratoon yield was not significantly affected by MC N rate. Neither the main nor ratoon crop N management had a significant effect on RC head rice yield. Considerable RC head rice yields(55–65%) were observed in all of the four cultivars and 4 years except for CL272 in 2016. These results indicat that without very high N fertilizer application, rice ratoon crop could produce a considerable grain yield and an expectative head rice yield. Rice ratooning could be a practical way to increase rice yields with the minimal input in south Texas and regions with a similar climate. 相似文献