欧盟禁止养猪场利用抗生素来使“猪上膘”

本刊辑：据中国猪业网报道,美国境内大大小小的养猪场都知道这样一条规则：让健康的生猪从小定期服用抗生素,既能减少它们患病的几率,又能让生猪“吃得少,长得快”。不过．现在随着对各类抗生素有广泛抵抗力的多种“超级细菌”不断扩散,美国政府开始考虑,今后将禁止养猪场利用抗生素来“促进生猪上膘”的做法。     

缅甸禁止从出现禽流感的国家进口禽肉

缅甸已经禁止了从出现过禽流感的国家进口家禽，尤其是在泰国和越南再次出现新的禽流感病例之后，这是缅甸的相关官员所报道的消息。     

含“疯牛病”成分化妆品禁止进口

据新华社消息卫生部、国家质检总局日前联合发布公告，禁止进口和销售含有发生“疯牛病”国家或地区牛、羊的脑及神经组织、内脏、胎盘和血液等动物源性原料成分的化妆品。公告说，对于已进入我国的含有发生“疯牛病”国家或地区牛羊动物源性原料成份的化妆品，有关企业应自行从市场上全部召回，最迟不得晚于２００２年４月２０日，同时将召回的产品名称、产品数量及其生产企业和代理商名称报所在地的省级卫生行政部门和直属出入境检验检疫机构。据悉，截至目前，发生“疯牛病”的国家为：英国、爱尔兰、瑞士、法国、比利时、卢森堡、荷兰、…     

高频无线遥控训犬仪在“禁止”科目中的应用

应用公安部南京警犬研究所和无锡市帆鹰警用器材新技术有限公司研制的FTCD-11脖圈,具有鸣叫、电击、驱虫、语音、振动、闪烁等功能任选,可进行多种科目训练,本研究着重进行警犬的“禁止”训练。通过研究发现,FTCD-11脖圈使训练方法简便易行,能有效提高警犬训练的成功率。     

美国首次出现“疯牛病”

美国西北部华盛顿州一家农场1头荷尔斯坦种的乳牛2003年12月23日被诊断感染疯牛病,这是美国首次发现疯牛病病例。据介绍,出现疯牛病例的农场位于华盛顿州雅基玛市南部约60公里的小镇马屯。12月9日,1头乳牛被送往屠宰场前,因为站立不稳、无法行走,按照农业部的法律规定,必须进行强制检验。经过2次疯牛病检验,结果均为阳性,于是将其确认为“疯牛病疑似病例”。感染疯牛病的农场已被彻底隔离。 2003年12月25日,中国农业部和国家质量监督检验检疫总局联合发出紧急通知,要求暂行禁止来自美国的牛及其相关产品入境。牛奶、奶制品、皮张和照相用…     

欧洲担心出现“疯羊病”

欧盟科学家担心,由于疯牛病的传播,欧洲有可能出现“疯羊病”,欧盟委员会已经成立了一个专家小组对这一问题进行科学评估。 欧盟委员会发言人贝阿特·格明德证实,这一专家小组已经开始工作。她强调指出,目前欧盟科学家只是担心会出现这种危险,但并未发现羊群受疯牛病传染的科学证据,也未发现任何“疯羊”。     

美国市场出现“砒霜鸡”

日前,美国食品及药物管理局公布,美国市场部分鸡肉可能含有少量砒霜,但不危害人体健康。生产洛克沙砷的辉瑞制药公司表示将在美国停止销售,同时正在联系多个进口该产品的国家。     

未开放的故宫禁区

对平民而言,北京的紫禁城宫门曾经永远紧闭着…… 历史上,这个统治着世界上最广袤领土和最多人口的帝国,皇室和它的臣民们往往被世界上最高大厚重的围墙隔开,"孤独而神秘"地生活在平民的视线之外. 紫禁城,后人又称它为故宫.从公元1420年建成开始,故宫从来不仅仅是帝国处理国家公务的机构,而是皇室的私家庭院.皇室之外的所有人,包括有着皇族血统的人,很少能够有权进入故宫里面.在平民看来,能够进入其中,是一种至高无上的荣耀.     

德州将打造高产奶牛胚胎移植繁育基地的"航母"——澳西姆公司以产业化模式发展奶牛胚胎移植的调查

近两年,山东省德州市平原澳西姆生物技术有限公司平原奶牛繁育基地依托雄厚的资金和技术优势,大力开展美国高产奶牛性控胚胎移植,初步形成了“胚胎生产-黄牛代孕-牛犊生产-市场销售”一条龙产业化生产模式,为迅速扩大高产奶牛群体趟出了一条新路子,并取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益,实现了企业、农民和产业“共赢”的目标。1好产业,突破奶牛业发展瓶颈近年来,我国奶牛业发展迅速,存栏总量达到1100多万头,但是奶牛总体质量较差的情况没有得到根本转变,单体产奶量多在3～4t左右,是发达国家奶牛产量的二分之一,真正的良种高产奶牛不足总量的三…     

The landscape of North American Rangeland Social Science: A Systematic Map

Rangeland scientists have made substantial progress in understanding ecological dynamics of rangelands, but the social factors have received less attention in North America. A body of North American rangeland social science has developed over the past 4 decades, with the number of studies increasing each decade. However, these works have not been systematically reviewed to assess the state of rangeland social science in North America or to identify research gaps. We developed a systematic map to characterize this literature by 1) the research objectives and questions; 2) who was studied; 3) where research was conducted; 4) which theories, methodologies, and methods were applied; and 5) how these research characteristics have changed from 1970 to 2017. We found that most (81%) North American rangeland social science has studied ranchers, farmers, and/or landowners, with limited consideration of other stakeholders (e.g., ranch workers, youth). Although age (43% of the studies) and education (40%) are often considered, other attributes/identities, such as gender (28%) and race or ethnicity (18%), are less frequently included. The most commonly used research method is surveys (52%), and much of rangeland social science does not make explicit connections to either specific methodological or theoretical frameworks. The limited application of theories, methodologies, and a lack of diverse methods has potentially constrained who and what have been studied in North America. The limited consideration of gender and race in rangeland social science is echoed in the limited number of studies that have accounted for the effects of social identities and power relationships on people’s connection to and management of rangelands. This review highlights the need for more North American research that 1) is informed by social theory, 2) applies a diversity of methods, 3) considers a broader diversity of stakeholders, and 4) draws from multiple social science disciplinary traditions.     

Worlds Largest Prawn Farm to be Built in Zhongshan

A Sino Foreign Joint Venture Company is to develop a 8,000 MU prawn and agriculture center in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, China. The farm will be indoor and twice as big as the largest prawn farm known today, with the capacity to produce 300,000 MT a year.     

Comparisons of the resistance to Japanese theileriosis among Santa Gertrudis × Japanese Shorthorn F1, Japanese Shorthorn and their reciprocal crosses

To improve the resistance of Japanese Shorthorn (JS) calves to the hemoprotozoan parasite Theileria sergenti (Ts), Santa Gertrudis (SG) × JS F₁ and its reciprocal backcross (F₁ × JS and JS × F₁) calves were produced. All the calves were born from February to April and kept on pasture with their dams from May to October. Blood samples were collected biweekly until 18 weeks of grazing and two indices of resistance to the parasite, percentage of parasitized erythrocytes (PE) and hematocrit value (Ht) were monitored. There was a weak negative correlation between daily gain (DG) on pasture and the average PE (P < 0.1), and was a significantly positive correlation between DG on pasture and the average Ht (P < 0.01) in the experimental period. Although maximum PE observed at six or eight weeks of grazing period was not significantly different among the four mating types, SG × JS F₁ calves exhibited a significantly larger decrease in PE compared to purebred JS after the peak PE. F₁ calves also showed maximum Ht through the grazing period. There were no apparent differences in the two indices among the two reciprocal backcrosses and purebred JS. These results indicated that Ts infection and subsequent decrease in Ht affected the DG of calves in the grassland. The present study also demonstrated that the introduction of the SG gene into JS was effective at the F₁ level in regard to the resistance to theileriosis, and that in the backcrosses an improvement in resistance could not be expected.     

Lymphangiosarcoma with systemic metastases in a Japanese domestic cat

A 4-year-2-month-old female Japanese domestic cat was diagnosed with lymphangiosarcoma through tissue biopsy of an amputated leg. Two months later, the cat was euthanized, and postmortem findings revealed edema, and bruising at the caudal region of the trunk, pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary nodules and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Microscopically, neoplastic tissues were observed in the dermis and subcutis of the trunk, lung, mediastinal lymph nodes, diaphragm, omentum and mesentery. The tumor cells were spindle to polygonal-shaped with nuclear pleomorphism aligning along pre-existing collagen bundles and forming irregular vascular channels in which the erythrocytes were rarely observed. These cells were immunopositive for vimentin, von Willebrand factor and CD31. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the neoplasia was diagnosed as lymphangiosarcoma with systemic metastases.