西门塔尔细管冻精体内解冻提高牛受胎率试验

本试验利用１６０头繁殖力正常的黄牛研究体外和体内解冻西门塔牛精液的授精效果。试验组８０头黄牛用从液氮罐中取出的细管直接配种，对照组用常规的体外解冻方法输精。结果表明，试验组所配的８０头黄牛有６０头妊娠，第一情期受胎率为７５％，比对照组提高１６．３％，因此利用体内解冻法可大幅度提高黄牛受胎率，值得大力推广。     

两种新方法解冻牛细管冻精对黄牛受胎效果试验

对５５头具有正常繁殖机能的黄牛，做了细管冻精的体内解冻（试验组）与手搓方法解冻（对照组）的受胎试验。试验结果表明，与配母牛第一情期受胎率试验组为７６．０％，对照组为７３．３％，试验组比对照组高２．７％，差异不显著（ｐ＞０．０５）。     

奶牛细管冷冻精液体内解冻与其受胎率关系的研究

为探索一种操作简单，适合广大牧区特点的奶牛细管冷冻精液的解冻方法，笔者对280头具有正常繁殖机能的黑白花奶牛进行了细管冻精体内解冻（试验组）与常规38－40℃水浴解冻（对照组）的受胎试验。结果表明，试验组的受胎率为60％（84／140），对照组的受胎率为57.85%（８１／１４０），试验组比对照组高２.１５％。故细管冻精体内解冻方法完全可以代替常规水浴解冻方法。     

胎盘组织液对西杂牛冻精受胎率的影响

采用人用胎盘组织液、VB12和3%柠檬酸钠液分别对西门塔尔牛冻精进行解冻。前者解冻后的精子活力分别比后两种药液提高解冻后的精子活力0.070和0.072。采用直肠把握法对本地母黄牛进行输精,各组均输精18头次,试验组受胎率达77.78%,两个对照组的受胎率分别为61.11%和55.56%,试验组的受胎率比两个对照组的平均受胎率提高19.45%,经显著性检验,差异显著(P<0.05),但两个对照组之间的受胎率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

奶牛细管冷冻精液体内解冻与其受胎率关系的研究

为探索一种操作简单,适合广大牧区特点的奶牛细管冷冻精液的解冻方法,笔者对280头具有正常繁殖机能的黑白花奶牛进行了细管冻精体内解冻(试验组)与常规38～40℃水浴解冻(对照组)的受胎试验.结果表明,试验组的受胎率为60%(84/140),对照组的受胎率为57.85%(81/140),试验组比对照组高2.15%.故细管冻精体内解冻方法完全可以代替常规水浴解冻方法.     

黄牛解冻精液短程运输配种试验报告

秦川种公牛的冷冻精液解冻后，经简单包装，用自行车经５－１８ｋｍ的短程运输，历时２５－８０分钟，给４１头发情母黄牛输精，经妊娠检查确诊怀孕３１头，受胎率达７５．６１％。本文具有生产应用价值。     

根据季节变化使用精液不同解冻新技术对母牛受胎率的影响

将80头具有正常繁殖机能的中国荷斯坦牛,随机按季节变化划分为两组,每组40头,即春秋组(简称衣袋组)、秋冬组(简称体内解冻组),实施人工授精。春秋组采用配种员到输精现场前,将细管冻精装入贴身内衣口袋中,用体温使其解冻,然后输精。秋冬组采用体内解冻方法,即液氮罐内取出细管冻精,直接剪口,装入输精枪内,输精。结果表明,衣袋组配种40头,准胎25头,情期受胎率为62.0％;体内解冻组配种40头,准胎21头,情期受胎率为52.5％。衣袋组比体内解冻组情期受胎率高9.5个百分点,差异显著(P<0.05)。     

不同解冻方法对荷斯坦牛受胎效果影响

对150头具有正常繁殖机能的中国荷斯坦牛做了细管冻精的体内解冻、手搓解冻、水浴解冻等方法的受胎效果对比实验。实验结果表明,体内解冻法与配母牛第一情期受胎率为76.0％,手搓法与配母牛第一情期受胎率为74.0％。统计分析,两组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。水浴法解冻与配母牛第一情期受胎率62.0％。体内解冻法与手搓解冻法分别较水浴解冻法第一情期受胎率高14.0％和12.0％。统计分析,体内解冻法与手搓解冻法较和水浴解冻法比较第一情期受胎率,差异显著P<0.05)     

奶牛细管冷冻精液体内解冻与其受胎率关系的研究

为探索一种操作简单,适合广大牧区特点的奶牛细管冷冻精液的解冻方法,我们于1991年4月—1992年9月对258头具有正常繁殖机能的黑白花奶牛,进行了细管冷冻精液的体内解冻(试验组)与常规38～40℃水浴解冻(对照组)的受胎试验。试验结果表明:与配母牛的受胎率,试验组为60.9%(81/133);对照组为57.6%,(72/125)试验组比对照组高3.3%。故细管冻精的体内解冻法完全可以代替常规38—40℃水浴解冻法。     

维生素B12当解冻液的精子活力及受胎效果

维生素Ｂ１２当解冻液的精子活力及受胎效果我市自１９７８年开展黄牛冻精配种以来，受胎率一直徘徊在８０％左右。其主要原因是解冻液品种多，个别质量差，解冻后精子活力低，影响母牛受胎率。为此，我们对维生素Ｂ１２等解冻液进行筛选及配种试验，发现ＶＢ１２解冻液对...     

奶牛性控冻精人工授精影响因素研究

用分离X和Y精子的性控精液进行人工授精是控制家畜性别之最简单可行的方法.然而,低密度性控精液输精效果还不如常规人工授精,许多技术环节都有待改进.以常规冻精和稀释常规冻精为对照,研究解冻方法、输精时间和部位、不同精液来源和输精员以及育成和经产牛等因素对性控冻精人工授精妊娠率的影响.结果显示,精液解冻水浴温度和持续时间对人工授精效果有显著影响,性控精液对解冻水浴温度更敏感;性控冻精和稀释常规冻精比常规冻精对输精时间要求更严格;3种精液输精到排卵卵泡同侧子宫角基部受胎率都显著高于输精于子宫体和同侧子宫角前端;3种精液育成牛受胎率(80%)都显著高于经产牛(50%);于输精同时注射促排卵素3号明显提高性控冻精受胎率;经严格挑选、能够从事胚胎移植操作的技术熟练输精员之间性控冻精受胎率差异不显著;在所设计的不同条件下,性控冻精与稀释同样倍数的常规冻精行为相似,说明精子分离过程没有对精子造成特殊损伤.研究结果说明,精确控制人工授精各个技术环节可以实现消除性控与非性控、低密度与高密度精演之间的差别,获得高妊娠率.     

Birth of puppies after intrauterine and intratubal insemination with frozen-thawed canine semen

The present study was performed to assess the fertility of frozen-thawed dog semen prepared by freezing with 6% glycerol and thawing at 70℃ for 8 sec, and to evaluate the least number of post-thaw spermatozoa necessary to achieve pregnancy by intrauterine or intratubal artificial insemination. It was found that the pregnancy rate of intrauterine artificial insemination was 100% using 6% glycerol buffer and thawing at 70℃ for 8 sec with 5 × 10⁷ spermatozoa. Even though the pregnancy rate (80%) and the whelping rate (24.5%) in the 5 × 10⁶ spermatozoa inseminated group were lower than those of the 5 × 10⁷ spermatozoa group, conception was confirmed with 5 × 10⁶ spermatozoa. Although the pregnancy rate of intratubal insemination was low (20%) with 4 × 10⁶ spermatozoa, this study is the first report to show the pregnancy rate of intratubal insemination with frozen-thawed ejaculated canine semen. In order to improve the pregnancy rate with intratubal insemination of canine spermatozoa, it is necessary to investigate the optimal insemination site of the uterine tube, the appropriate number of sperm, and the direct effect of buffer on oocytes.     

Effect of sexed semen,puberty and breeding ages on fertility of Holstein dairy heifers treated with double Ovsynch protocol

The objective of this study was to evaluate the fertility of sexed semen compared with conventional semen with regard to the puberty and breeding ages of Holstein dairy heifers subjected to double Ovsynch protocol with fixed time of artificial insemination. A total of 468 Holstein heifers were divided into two groups. The first group was 122 dairy heifers inseminated via conventional semen, while the second group was 346 heifers inseminated with sexed semen. The puberty and breeding ages of heifers were determined from the farm records. Estrus was synchronized using the double Ovsynch protocol. Numbers were estimated for pregnancy at 40 and 60 days post insemination, embryonic loss, and abortion. The results revealed that the heifers inseminated with sexed semen had a significantly lower first-service pregnancy rate (51.45%) than those inseminated with conventional semen (61.47%). Heifers achieving puberty before 350 days old had a higher pregnancy rate. Embryonic losses and abortion rates did not differ between the two types of semen. Holstein heifers subjected to Ovsynch protocol with sexed semen had an acceptable first-insemination pregnancy rate. Even the applications of sexed semen reduce the reproductive fertility and pregnancy rate in Holstein heifers.

     

提高牛人工授精受胎率技术

文章从母牛繁殖机能、冻精质量、冻精解冻的温度、时间及方法、母牛发情鉴定、黄牛和水牛繁殖的差异、输精方法、输精时间、榆精部位、技术培训和养牛综合配套技术等方面阐述了提高黄牛、水牛冻精配种受胎率的技术措施。     

转基因牛与非转基因牛性控精液分离及配种效果初探

本研究对转基因牛以及非转基因牛精液经流式细胞仪分离冷冻后精子活力、分离准确率进行了比较,同时对分离的性控冷冻精液进行了人工输精,对受体牛的情期受胎率进行了统计分析。结果表明,转基因牛与非转基因牛精液在冷冻解冻后活力以及分离准确率方面差异不显著(P>0.05);转基因牛与非转基因牛的性控冷冻精液的情期受胎率分别为57.4%、59.3%,二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

中式解冻液解冻牛精液的受胎试验

中药解冻液１、２号和对照液２．９％柠檬酸钠液的一次受胎率及６０－９０天不发精率比较，中式解冻液具有更广泛的实用性。     

DMF effects on frozen gander semen

1. The objective of the present study was to determine if the age of semen donors affects the susceptibility of spermatozoa to freezing and whether DMF (dimethyl formamide) inseminated with freeze-thawed gander semen decreases fertility. 2. Semen was collected 3 times a week by dorsal-abdominal massage from two groups of White Italian ganders: 3 and 2 years-old. Both samples were diluted, mixed with DMF to a final concentration of 6% (v/v), pre-frozen and transferred into LN2. 3. Twice a week, the freeze-thawed semen was used for insemination of two groups of geese at a dose of 4 to 16 million live morphologically normal spermatozoa. One group was inseminated immediately after thawing, the 2nd with semen from which the DMF was removed. 4. Donor age had no effect on the spermatozoa's aptitude for freezing. The differences in quality and quantity of fresh and freeze-thawed semen produced by 3 or 2 year-old ganders were not significant. 5. The presence of DMF in the inseminated freeze-thawed semen did not affect the reproductive efficiency of spermatozoa. The fertility rate obtained with semen inseminated either with or without the cryoprotectant averaged 92.9% and 87.2% respectively. The hatchability of set eggs was 81.1% and 79.9% and, the hatchability of fertile eggs amounted to 87.3% and 89.4%.     

提高母牛冻配受胎率的措施和方法

从加强母牛的饲养管理、检查治疗母牛的繁殖疾病、掌握母牛发情鉴定水平、输精时间、输精方法、冻精解冻的温度、时间和精子活力检测、技术培训和养牛综合配套技术等方面来如何提高母牛冻配受胎率进行生产实践的总结。     

育成奶牛早期配种研究

选用８３头１４～１５月龄的育成母牛分成两组,试验１组选小以牛冷冻精液配种,试验２组对公牛不进行筛选,即用大、小型公牛的冷冻精液本性中。另选４６头１８月龄的母牛作为对照组,称其为晚配件,也行人工授精,所用公牛与试验２组相同。试验结果表明,早配的试验１组与晚配件相比投产月龄提前４．１个月／头,可提高乳牛终身产奶量,创造出显著的经济效益,每头可增收节支２３７３元,胎衣不下率减少２．３％,产活犊率提高３％     

冷冻稀释液中添加大豆卵磷脂对梅花鹿冻融精子质量的影响

【目的】探究在冷冻稀释液中添加大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄对梅花鹿精液冷冻保存效果的影响,为梅花鹿人工授精体系的完善提供参考。【方法】采用电刺激法采集梅花鹿精液,以精液冷冻稀释液中分别添加1%、2%、3%、4%和5%大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄作为试验组,添加20%卵黄作为对照组,分别进行各组精液冷冻保存。5 d后,进行精液解冻,检测解冻后各组精子的活力、质膜完整率、顶体完整率、线粒体活性、存活时间,筛选合适浓度的大豆卵磷脂。选取4～5岁健康雌性梅花鹿,肌肉注射300 IU孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和0.4 mg氯前列醇钠进行同期发情处理,发情后第20 h用20%卵黄组与筛选出的大豆卵磷脂组冻精进行人工输精,输精后30 d使用B超检测仪检测妊娠情况,统计妊娠率。【结果】与对照组相比,1%大豆卵磷脂组冻融后的精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率及线粒体活性均显著提高(P<0.05);随着稀释液中大豆卵磷脂浓度的增加,其冻融后精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率以及线粒体活性呈下降趋势,精子存活时间也随浓度的增加而减少。1%大豆卵磷...