甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪肠道菌群的影响

大量研究表明,甘露寡糖在动物体内可促进肠道有益菌的增殖,减少肠道病原菌,提高肠道黏膜的完整性,调节动物免疫反应,从而提高动物的生产性能。试验旨在研究甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪肠道菌群的影响,为甘露寡糖在仔猪饲料中的科学应用提供理论依据。1.材料与方法1.1试验动物与分组选取健康的28日龄断奶[杜×(大×长)]三元杂交仔猪96头,按体重相近、公母各半的原则分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。各组初始体重无明显差异,平均体重为(7.46±0.38)kg。1.2试验饲粮及试验设计用的酵母甘露寡糖由北京奥特奇生物公司提供。试验用的基础日粮参照…     

半乳甘露寡糖对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同比例的半乳甘露寡糖替代抗生素对早期断奶仔猪生长性能及腹泻的影响。试验选用体重 (8.4± 0 .2 7)kg(杜×长×大 ) 2 8d断奶仔猪 72头 ,随机分为 3个处理 ,每个处理 6个重复 ,每个重复 4头猪。三组处理日粮分别为 ,处理 1为基础日粮添加 0 .12 %的半乳甘露寡糖 ;处理 2为基础日粮添加 5 0mg/kg的金霉素 + 0 .0 8%的半乳甘露寡糖 ;处理 3为基础日粮添加 10 0mg/kg的金霉素。结果表明 :处理 1的平均日增重和平均日采食量最高 ,且处理 1和 2之间差异显著 (p <0 .0 5 ) ,处理 1的平均日增重比处理 2提高 17.5 5 % ,比处理 3提高 7.13% ;饲料转化率 3个处理间差异不显著。另外 ,试验期间 ,处理 2、3组各有一头猪轻微腹泻 ,注射青链霉素一天后好转 ,处理 1无腹泻发生。试验表明 ,半乳甘露寡糖可提高仔猪生长性能且有减少腹泻发生的趋势。     

甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪肠道菌群的影响

选取28日龄断奶的三元[杜×(大×长)]杂交仔猪96头,平均体重为(7．46±0．38)kg,按体重和 性别随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复8头仔猪,公母各半。第1个处理组为空白 组,第2、3、4个处理组在相同的基础日粮中分别添加0．1％、0．2％和0．4％的甘露寡糖,研究甘露寡糖对断 奶仔猪肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:1、各实验组肠道大肠杆菌的浓度极显著低于对照组。2、第3组和 第4组其结肠、盲肠和直肠中双歧杆菌增殖显著。第2组中只有结肠中双歧杆菌显著高于对照组,但盲 肠和直肠中双歧杆菌增殖不明显。3、各个处理组肠道中乳酸杆菌的浓度与对照组相比差异不显著。     

甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响

选取28日龄断奶的三元[杜×(大×长)]杂交仔猪96头,平均体重为(7.46±0.38)Kg,按体重和性别随机分为4个处理组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复8头仔猪,公母各半。第1个处理组为空白组,第2、3、4个处理组在相同的基础日粮中分别添加0.1%、0.2%和0.4%的甘露寡糖,研究甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响。结果表明:添加0.2%甘露寡糖组断奶仔猪的实验末重、日增重和饲料转化率显著优于其它三组(P<0.05),腹泻率极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。     

不同水平果寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫机能及肠道菌群的影响

试验研究日粮中添加不同水平的果寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响.试验选取240头21日龄、体重相近、健康的断奶仔猪,按照单因素完全随机设计,分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头仔猪.对照组断奶仔猪饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组断奶仔猪分别饲喂添加0.1％、0.2％、0.3％果寡...     

半乳甘露寡糖对早期断奶仔猪生长性能及腹泻的影响研究

选用体重(8.4±0.27)kg(杜×长×大)28d断奶仔猪72头,随机分为3个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复4头猪。3组处理日粮分别为:处理1为基础日粮添加0.12%的半乳甘露寡糖;处理2为基础日粮添加50×10-6的金霉素+0.08%的半乳甘露寡糖;处理3为基础日糖添加100×10-6的金霉素。结果表明:处理1的平均日增重和平均日采食量最高,且处理1和2之间差异显著(P<0.05),饲料转化率3个处理组间差异不显著。试验期间,处理2、3组各有1头猪轻微腹泻,注射青链霉素1d后好转,处理1无腹泻发生。试验表明半乳甘露寡糖可提高仔猪生产性能且有减少腹泻发生的趋势。     

发酵中草药对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道菌群的影响

试验研究日粮中添加发酵中草药对松辽黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道菌群的影响.试验选择(35±1)d的松辽黑猪断奶仔猪54头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪.对照组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5％发酵中草药添加剂,试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+0.5％不发酵中草药添加剂.预试期5d,正式试验期30 d.结...     

中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪肠道菌群与生长性能的影响

本试验旨在研究中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪肠道菌群和生产性能的影响。选择72头体重(8.13±0.67)kg的健康28日龄的三元断奶仔猪,遵照单因素原则分为4组,每组3个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%中草药添加剂,预试期为7 d,正式期25 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组仔猪日增重、日采食量均显著增加(P<0.05),试验组耗料增重比分别显著降低26.01%、40.81%、30.49%(P<0.05);试验组仔猪大肠埃希氏菌数、腹泻率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),B组最低;试验组仔猪乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数均显著增加(P<0.05);试验A、C组的各测定指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综合各项指标可知,中草药添加剂使断奶仔猪的生长性能显著提高,腹泻率降低,抑制肠道内大肠埃希氏菌繁殖,促进有益菌的增殖,且添加量为1%时效果最好。     

壳寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

为探讨日粮中添加壳寡糖对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响,(方法)本研究选取150头体况健康及体重相近的三元(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,随机分为2个处理组,每个处理组5个重复,每个重复15头仔猪。对照组断奶仔猪饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加300g/t壳寡糖的日粮,饲喂51d后对仔猪进行称重。研究结果表明:日粮中添加壳寡糖对仔猪末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、仔猪发病率、腹泻率及死淘均无显著影响(>0.05)。壳寡糖组仔猪料肉比要显著低于对照组(<0.05)。而且,从公斤增重饲料成本来看,对照组为8.37元/头,壳寡糖组为7.66元/头。上述结果提示,日粮中添加300g/t壳寡糖可显著降低断奶仔猪料肉比,提高饲料转化利用率。     

抗菌肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、肠道微生物含量及绒毛结构的影响

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平抗菌肽替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、肠道微生物含量及绒毛结构的影响。试验选择平均体重为(5.76±0.02)kg的21 d断奶的杜×长×大仔猪672头,根据个体大小随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复42头。试验分为1～14 d和15～28 d两个阶段,对照组饲喂基础日粮+60 mg/kg盐霉素,抗菌肽组饲喂基础日粮+0、50或100 mg/kg抗菌肽。试验进行28 d。对照组较抗菌肽组显著提高了断奶仔猪28 d体重(P <0.05),1～14 d和1～28 d日增重(P <0.05),1～14 d、15～28 d、1～28 d采食量,显著降低了1～28 d料重比(P <0.05)。随着日粮抗菌肽添加水平的升高,28 d体重、1～14 d、15～28 d及1～28 d日增重显著升高(P <0.05)。对照组较抗菌肽组显著提高了断奶仔猪14和28 d干物质、14 d粗蛋白质表观消化系数(P <0.05)。对照组较抗菌肽组显著降低了14和28 d粪中大肠杆菌含量(P <0.05),且总厌氧菌、梭菌和大肠杆菌含量随抗菌肽添加水平的升高而显著降低(P <0.05);与抗菌肽组相比,对照组显著降低了回肠总厌氧菌含量(P <0.05)。饲喂对照组日粮的断奶仔猪较抗菌肽组显著降低了空肠隐窝深度(P <0.05),显著提高了空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(P <0.05)。根据试验结果推断,日粮添加抗菌肽可以作为抗生素替代品,具有提高断奶仔猪生长性能、干物质和粗蛋白质的表观消化率、绒毛形态及降低粪中有害菌含量的作用。     

复合抗菌肽对断奶仔猪肠道菌群和pH值的影响

为了研究复合抗菌肽对断奶仔猪肠道菌群和pH值的影响,试验选用26日龄、体重相近的健康杜长大三元杂交仔猪90头随机分成5组,每组18头。在26~53日龄期间,Ⅰ组(空白组)饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ组在基础日粮中添加400 mg/kg黄芪多糖,Ⅲ~Ⅴ组在基础日粮中分别添加250 mg/kg、500 mg/kg和1 000 mg/kg的复合抗菌肽,于第32、39、46和53日龄时每组随机选取3头仔猪,进行肠道菌群和p H值的测定。结果表明:与对照组相比,复合抗菌肽和黄芪多糖均能降低肠道中大肠杆菌的数量(P0.01)和肠道p H值(P0.05或P0.01),同时提高乳酸杆菌的数量(P0.01)。研究表明,在饲料中添加复合抗菌肽可增加肠道益生菌乳酸杆菌的数量,降低肠道大肠杆菌数量,但以1000mg/kg添加量的复合抗菌肽效果最好。     

纳米载铜蒙脱石对断奶仔猪生长、肠道菌群及其肠黏膜形态的影响

选用128头健康“杜长大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为对照组、CuSO4组、纳米蒙脱石(MMT)组和MMT-Cu组,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+78 mg/kg Cu2+(CuSO4.5H2O,相当于MMT-Cu中Cu2+的量)、基础日粮+2.0 g/kgMMT、基础日粮+2.0 g/kgMMT-Cu。结果表明,与对照组相比,MMT-Cu组能显著提高(P<0.05)断奶仔猪的平均日增重、饲料转化效率及小肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值,显著降低(P<0.05)腹泻率及小肠、结肠内容物中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量;而MMT组也显著降低(P<0.05)仔猪腹泻率,提高(P<0.05)小肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值。与MMT组或CuSO4组相比,MMT-Cu组能显著(P<0.05)提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重和饲料转化效率(P<0.05),显著降低了(P<0.05)小肠和结肠内容物中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量。     

纳米银对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道绒毛形态及微生物菌群的影响

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平的纳米银对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态及微生物菌群的影响。本研究共进行3个试验,试验1收集8头断奶后7 d仔猪的回肠内容物,在体外37℃条件下分别添加0、20、40和80μg/kg纳米银,孵育4 h。结果显示,随着纳米银添加水平的升高,回肠内容物大肠杆菌和乳酸杆菌的含量显著线性降低(P<0.05),但对乳酸杆菌比例无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验2分为3个组,每组10头21 d断奶的仔猪,日粮中分别添加0、20和40 mg/kg纳米银,结果发现随着纳米银添加水平的升高,断奶后2周仔猪的日增重表现为显著线性升高(P<0.05),同时回肠大肠杆菌含量有显著线性降低的趋势(P=0.07),显著降低了细菌总量和奇异菌属含量(P<0.05)。20 mg/kg纳米银组产气荚膜杆菌与梭菌比例最低(P<0.05)。试验3分为3组,每组选择10头21 d断奶仔猪,日粮中分别添加0、20和40 mg/kg纳米银,结果发现,日粮纳米银添加水平对仔猪断奶后前两周绒毛形态无显著影响(P>0.05),而隐窝深度有降低趋势(P=0.08)。20 mg/kg纳米银组仔猪在断奶前两周表现为最高(P<0.05),之后随着纳米银添加水平的升高在3~4周显著降低(P<0.05),料比显著升高(P<0.05)。日粮添加低剂量的纳米银可以改善断奶仔猪的采食量和日增重,适宜添加水平为20~40 mg/kg。     

仔猪断奶应激对肠道微生物菌群影响的研究

为了研究仔猪断奶应激对肠道微生物菌群的影响,试验选择同1日龄来自同一窝的杜-长-大仔猪和莱芜猪仔猪各10头作为研究对象,均于28日龄断奶,每个品种为1个处理组,根据断奶时间分为5个阶段,断奶前1周(21 d)、断奶当天(28 d)、断奶后1 d(29 d)、断奶后1周(35 d)及断奶后2周(42 d),每个处理组每个阶段随机选取2头仔猪屠宰取样,测定空肠肠道微生物变化情况。试验结果表明,在各个阶段莱芜猪的微生物丰度都比杜-长-大要高,断奶后1 d两品种仔猪的肠道微生物丰度最高,分别是24和18,香农-维纳指数也最高,分别是2.94和2.78。荧光定量PCR检测双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌和大肠杆菌相对含量,在断奶后1周莱芜猪的双歧杆菌是杜-长-大仔猪的6.4倍(P<0.01),莱芜猪比杜-长-大的大肠杆菌在各个时期都相对较低,杜-长-大断奶后1周空肠大肠杆菌比莱芜猪高87%(P<0.05)。结论:莱芜猪比杜-长-大仔猪空肠肠道微生物更加丰富,有益微生物菌群含量多,仔猪断奶后肠道微生物能够很快的建立起新的平衡。     

Effect of chito-oligosaccharide on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, intestinal morphology and cecal microflora in weaned pigs

A total of 180 weanling pigs (21 ± 3 d of age; 5.98 ± 0.04 kg) were used to investigate the effect of chito-oligosaccharide (COS) on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, intestinal morphology, and cecal microflora. Based on initial BW, gender and litter, the pigs were given 5 treatments during a 14-d feeding experiment, including a basal diet (control), 3 diets with COS supplementation (200, 400, or 600 mg/kg), and a diet with colistin sulfate (CSE) supplementation (20 mg/kg). Six randomly selected pigs from each treatment were used to collect serum, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and cecal samples on d 7 and 14 postweaning. From d 1 to 7 postweaning, pigs fed COS or CSE had greater ADG and ADFI compared with the control pigs. From d 1 to 14, diets with either 400 or 600 mg/kg COS, or 20 mg/kg CSE increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared with the control diet. No significant differences were observed in ADG, ADFI, and G:F between the pigs fed COS and CSE. Pigs fed either 400 or 600 mg/kg COS, or 20 mg/kg CSE had less (P < 0.05) diamine oxidase (DAO) in the serum, but greater concentration of (P < 0.05) DAO in jejunal mucosa, than the control pigs on d 7 postweaning. Treatments did not affect villous height and crypt depth of the duodenum, jejunum, or ileum. Pigs fed COS at 400 mg/kg had greater (P < 0.05) concentration of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the cecum than pigs fed the control diet and CSE diet on d 7 postweaning. Supplementation of COS or CSE decreased (P < 0.05) the population of cecal Staphylococcus aureus compared with the control diet on d 7 postweaning. The number of cecal Bifidobacteria in pigs fed 600 mg/kg COS was greater (P < 0.05) than that of pigs fed the control diet or CSE diet on d 14 postweaning. No significant differences were observed in Escherichia coli counts in the cecum among treatments. The present results indicate that dietary supplementation of COS at 400 or 600 mg/kg promotes growth performance and improves gut barrier function, increases the population of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, and decreases S. aureus in the cecum of weanling pigs.     

Effects of Armillariella tabescens mycelia on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora of early‐weaned pigs

This study was performed to evaluate effects of Armillariella tabescens (A. tabescens) on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora in early‐weaned pigs when used as feed additive. A. tabescens mycelia were added to basal diets at concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% or 0.9% (w/w). A total of 144 commercial cross‐bred piglets were randomly allocated to one of these four diets and fed for 30 days. The growth performance of early‐weaned piglets displayed improvement with diets containing 0.1% and 0.3% dried mycelia powder from A. tabescens. Supplementing with 0.1% or 0.3% A. tabescens mycelia induced a 2.6‐ and three‐fold increase in secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content in the jejunal mucosa, respectively, but had only a marginal effect on sIgA in the ileal mucosa. Expression of interleukin‐2, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α in the jejunal mucosa were elevated with A. tabescens mycelia administration. Increased amounts of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. in the jejunum, and decreased amounts of Escherichia coli in the jejunum and ileum were observed with the administration of A. tabescens‐containing diets. This study demonstrated that A. tabescens had beneficial effects on the growth performance and intestinal microflora of early‐weaned pigs.     

The effect of diet on performance, digestibility, blood composition and intestinal microflora of weaned pigs

Good evaluation variables are needed to study postweaning lag in early weaned pigs. In this study, performance, digestibility, concentration of blood components and aerobic fecal microflora under different dietary regimens from weaning at 3 wk of age to 35 d of age are reported. Treatment 1 (T1) consisted of a corn-soybean meal starter diet. Pigs in treatment 2 (T2) received a steamed, rolled oat groats-casein starter diet. Pigs in treatment 1 and 2 were weaned at 3 wk of age while those in treatment 3 remained with the sow. Treatment 1 pigs had lower average daily gains for the 2-wk trial as compared with T2 pigs (P less than .05). Three of the four animals consuming the corn-soybean meal diet were observed to have diarrhea during the experiment as compared with an occasional loose stool from the pigs fed oats-casein. There were no significant differences in digestibility of dry matter, crude protein or ether extract among pigs in T1 and T2. Digestibilities of ash and crude fiber were higher (P less than .05) in T1 pigs, while there was an increase (P less than .05) in digestibility of N-free extract by pigs in T2. Serum protein, Na, CO2 and blood hematocrit were not significantly different among treatments. Blood chloride was higher, whereas glucose was lower for pigs in T1 and T2 than T3 (P less than .05). Blood urea N was higher for pigs in T1 as compared with pigs in T2 or T3. Potassium was higher (P less than .05) for pigs in T1 as compared with those in T2 or T3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)