长白山区野生铃兰不同药用部位中总黄酮含量的测定

以芦丁为对照品,采用紫外—分光光度法比较了长白山区野生铃兰不同药用部位的总黄酮含量。结果表明:芦丁在8.72～52.32mg/L的范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率为99.56%(n=6,RSD=0.92%),测得铃兰茎叶、根中总黄酮含量分别为0.60%、0.61%。长白山区野生铃兰茎叶、根各部位均含有总黄酮且含量相似,具有较高的药用价值和良好的开发前景。     

不同萃取条件对分光光度法测定烟草中尼古丁含量的影响

采用酸提取法将干燥的烟末中的尼古丁提出,研究了不同萃取条件对分光光度法测定烟草中尼古丁含量的影响,总结出了分光光度法测定烟草中尼古丁的条件.此方法建立了快速简便、灵敏度高的测定烟草及制品中烟碱含量的萃取分光光度法.     

陕西产景天三七总黄酮含量的测定

以总黄酮含量为考察指标,采用NaNO2- Al( NO3)3-NaOH分光光度法,测定了陕西产景天三七总黄酮含量.结果表明:陕西产景天三七总黄酮含量为(39.57±0.59) mg/g,品质较优.该试验方法简便灵敏,结果准确可靠,不仅为景天三七的药理研究提供参考,而且为进一步开发利用陕西省景天三七资源奠定基础.     

紫外分光光度法测定小茴香不同器官中总黄酮

采用紫外分光光度法测定小茴香不同器官提取物中总黄酮的含量。结果表明:小茴香不同器官中总黄酮含量在38.4~76.8μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,加标回收率在96.7%~99.22%范围内,相对标准偏差为1.01%;该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于总黄酮的含量测定。     

不同种植密度对白花曼陀罗不同部位总黄酮含量的影响

以白花曼陀罗种子为试材,采用紫外分光光度法,研究了不同种植密度对白花曼陀罗不同部位总黄酮含量的影响.结果表明:白花曼陀罗叶和花中总黄酮含量明显比种子中总黄酮含量高,在行距×株距=60 cm×60 cm的种植密度下,种子、叶和花中总黄酮含量明显比其它种植密度的含量高.     

正交实验优选向日葵叶片提取总黄酮的研究

以向日葵叶片为试材,采用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠比色法,以芦丁作为标准品,采用分光光度法测定了向日葵总黄酮的含量,并进行了精密度和加标回收试验,比较不同提取工艺以期优选出向日葵总黄酮的最佳提取工艺.结果表明:向日葵叶片中总黄酮最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度60％,提取时间为3h,提取温度为80℃.     

宁夏枸杞果实发育过程中黄酮类化合物含量的变化研究

以5a生“宁杞1号”为试材,利用分光光度法测定了枸杞果实发育过程中总黄酮的含量变化,采用高效液相色谱法测定了宁夏枸杞果实发育过程中芦丁的含量变化.结果表明:枸杞果实发育过程中总黄酮及其组分芦丁含量总体呈下降趋势.总黄酮含量在花后9d时达到最高,之后随果实的发育逐渐下降;青果期黄酮含量下降较快,至色变期下降趋势减缓,成熟期含量趋于稳定.花后9～19 d时,芦丁含量急剧下降,而花后19～37 d期间,降至最低点0.012 mg/g,其后变化不大,基本趋于稳定.     

野生酸枣叶中蛋白质、Vc和矿物质含量的测定

采用分光光度法和火焰原子吸收光谱法,测定了野生酸枣叶中蛋白质、Vc和矿物质的含量。该结果可为酸枣叶的综合利用提供参考。     

测定果蔬中维生素C含量的方法比较

采用钼蓝比色法、紫外分光光度法、碘滴定法、2,6-二氯酚靛酚法和二甲苯-2,6-二氯酚靛酚比色法测定无色和有色类果品、蔬菜的维生素C含量.并比较5种测定方法的精度.结果表明,测定无色类果蔬的维生素C含量以钼蓝比色法和紫外分光光度法精度高；测定有色类果蔬的维生素C含量以紫外分光光度法精度高.     

正交设计优化甜瓜子总黄酮提取工艺

院本文采用可见分光光度法，测定新疆农六师103团产网纹甜瓜子中总黄酮的含量。通过正交设计优选最佳提取工艺，结果可知，料液比5：1，温度为80益，提取3次，每次3h时提取效果最好，总黄酮含量为8.52%，该方法简便，快速，可为后续开发提供一定理论基础。     

Effect of salinity and water table on growth and tolerance of plum and peach

The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl₂ and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water.     

洞庭1号无籽西瓜套种棉花高产高效模式的研究与应用

根据西瓜、棉花两者生长发育特点进行套种试验,研究其高产高效栽培模式。试验示范结果表明,以西瓜行株距4.5m×0.65m,棉花行株距1.5m×0.45m的种植密度,西瓜与棉花之间互颉作用最小,西瓜和棉花的产量和产值在3个套种模式中位居第1,在5个处理中经济效益最高。     

Primary culture and identification of mouse PASMCs and effects of hypoxia on proliferation and apoptosis of PASMCs

AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs.     

小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备

研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。     

西瓜与粮油菜套种栽培试验

近年来,我省西瓜发展速度较快,到2004年全省西瓜栽培面积已达3万hm^2.由于我省耕地面积有限,大幅度扩大西瓜单种面积,不仅造成我省西瓜与粮油菜争地的矛盾,而且土地也未能得到充分有效的利用.为了解决这一生产中存在的实际问题,我们从2002年开始,进行了西瓜与粮油菜套种的栽培试验.历经4年的试验、示范,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益.现将试验结果报告如下.     

钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果

采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量     

Storability of onion seeds and effects of packaging and storage conditions on viability and vigour

Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes.     

世界及中国鳄梨产销概况与展望

依据联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)数据库、联合国商品贸易统计数据库(UN Comtrade)中的数据,围绕鳄梨种植面积、产量、迚出口市场、主产国生产情况、主要迚出口国贸易情况等斱面,对世界及中国鳄梨的生产与贸易迚行回顾、分析与展望,幵在此基础上,对中国鳄梨产业的发展提出建议。     

遮阴及地膜覆盖对黄皮果实表面温湿度变化及果实品质的影响

以金鸡心黄皮为试材,研究了遮阴及地膜覆盖处理对黄皮果实品质与果实表面温湿度变化的影响。结果表明：阴雨天气下,遮阴及遮阴＋地膜覆盖处理的果实表面日平均湿度低;晴天天气下,地膜覆盖处理及对照果实表面的日平均温度高,昼夜温差大,阴雨及晴天天气下温度变化、湿度变化趋势基本一致;地膜覆盖提高了果实品质,遮阴及遮阴＋地膜覆盖降低了果实好果率。     

热处理对果蔬采后品质及病虫害的影响

采后热处理是近年来快速发展的果蔬采后处理技术,广泛应用于改善果蔬贮藏期间的品质、增强抗逆性等 方面。从果蔬贮藏期间的生理生化、采后品质及防治病虫害等方面阐述了热处理的机理,讨论了热处理对果蔬衰老 方面的生理特征如色泽、风味、硬度(软化)、失重、呼吸、乙烯释放、酶活性等变化及与抗逆性有关的诱导蛋白质合成 及基因表达的影响,较全面阐述了热处理防治果蔬贮藏期间病虫害的机理如直接作用于病菌、害虫与提高果蔬的抗 病虫性等。