百菌清复合剂防治保护地黄瓜霜霉病效果好

近年来 ,辽阳市保护地生产发展很快 ,经济效益越来越显著。全市有保护地黄瓜 6 6 6 7ｈｍ2 ,出现了黄瓜专业村和许多靠种植保护地黄瓜而脱贫致富的专业户。但是 ,由于保护地黄瓜在特定的环境条件下多年连续种植 ,致使病害逐年加重。 1997～1998年调查 ,全市保护地黄瓜霜霉病的     

50％安克WP防治黄瓜霜霉病试验

黄瓜霜霉病［Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｐｅｒｏｎｏｓｐｏｒａｃｎｂｅｎｓｉｓ（ＢｅｒｋｅｔＣｕｒｔ）Ｒｏｓｔ］是黄瓜上一种重要病害 ,对保护地黄瓜生产构成极大威胁。近年来 ,黄瓜霜霉病对常用内吸药剂表现出很高的抗性 ,生产中迫切需要防治黄瓜霜霉病的新药剂。为此 ,选用目前巴斯夫（中国）有限公司生产的最新剂型５０%安克ＷＰ ,进行黄瓜霜霉病的防治试验 ,以明确该药在黄瓜霜霉病上的防治效果和应用前景。现将试验结果汇总如下 :１材料与方法１．１试验处理处理１:５０%安克ＷＰ２０ｇ／６６７ｍ２ ;处理２:５０%安克ＷＰ３０ｇ／６６７ｍ２;…     

40％硫悬浮剂防治小麦白粉病药效试验

麦类白粉病为世界性病害 ,主要危害小麦 ,轻则造成减产 ,重则无收。２０世纪７０年代以前 ,我国仅西南各省发生较普遍而严重。随着耕作制度的改革及栽培技术提高 ,密植程度增加 ,病害逐年加重 ,成为我国小麦生产上亟待解决的重大问题。防治小麦白粉病的特效药是粉锈宁 ,但由于长期使用 ,用药单一 ,已产生抗性。鉴于此 ,重庆种衣剂厂利用重庆地区硫资源丰富这一优势 ,开发出硫悬浮剂 ,它属于环保型、低毒、广谱性绿色农药 ,今特将硫悬浮剂防治小麦白粉病的盆栽和大田试验结果整理如下 :１材料和方法１．１材料１．１．１供试药剂４０%硫悬浮…     

25%嘧菌酯悬浮剂防治黄瓜霜霉病药效试验

黄瓜霜霉病是黄瓜最主要病害之一,近年来我市的黄瓜霜霉病日趋严重,已成为黄瓜种植过程中的一个重要障碍。为了更有效地防治黄瓜霜霉病,我们进行了本试验,现将试验结果报告如下。     

几种杀菌剂防治黄瓜霜霉病药效比较

几种杀菌剂防治黄瓜霜霉病药效比较高振江马占山吕佩珂刘文珍（内蒙古包头市农业科学研究所０１４０１３）克霜氰是天津东方农药厂与南开大学元素所联合开发的一种防治霜霉病的高效、低毒、新型复配杀菌剂，对黄瓜霜霉病有优异的防治效果，尤其对甲霜灵产生抗药性的霜霉病...     

8种杀菌剂防治葡萄霜霉病田间药效试验

比较了8种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果。结果表明:烯酰吗啉.甲霜灵30%水分散粒剂600倍液、烯酰吗啉40%悬浮剂600倍液、甲霜.锰锌72%水分散粒剂400倍液、嘧菌酯25%悬浮剂1 500倍液以及氯化十二烷基苄基铵10%水剂1 000倍液对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果良好,显著优于传统药剂三乙膦酸铝80%水分散粒剂500倍液、代森锰锌80%可湿性粉剂800倍液、丙森锌70%可湿性粉剂400倍液。其中,烯酰吗啉.甲霜灵30%水分散粒剂600倍液效果尤佳。     

6种杀菌剂防治黄瓜霜霉病的田间药效评价

[目的]霜霉病是黄瓜的重要病害之一,严重影响其产量.通过试验,进行啶氧菌酯、氰霜唑等杀菌剂对防治黄瓜霜霉病的防控效果对比.[方法]利用喷雾法测定6种药剂对黄瓜霜霉病的防治效果.[结果]6种供试药剂的防效由高到低依次为氟噻唑吡乙酮10％OD、氟菌·霜霉威687.5 g/L SC、吡唑醚菌酯25％EC、氰霜唑100 g/L SC、烯酰吗啉50％WP、啶氧菌酯22.5％SC.[结论]10％氟噻唑吡乙酮可分散油悬浮剂对黄瓜霜霉病有优异的防治效果,末次药后7 d平均防效达84.13％,末次药后14 d平均防效仍为79.21％,且对黄瓜安全无药害,可作为防治黄瓜霜霉病的首选药剂.除22.5％啶氧菌酯水悬浮剂和50％烯酰吗啉可湿性粉剂外的其他几种药剂亦可作为防治黄瓜霜霉病的推荐药剂交替使用.     

14％双锄EC防除油菜田杂草技术

应厂家要求 ,我们在油菜田开展了 1 4 %双锄 EC防除油菜田杂草试验 ,以检验其防效。1　试验条件1 .1　作物 :甘兰型油菜。1 .2　杂草情况 :杂草分禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草两大类 ,总覆盖度 80 %左右 ,禾本科杂草主要为看麦娘 ,生长茂盛 ,部分开始抽穗 ,药前密度43 1 6株 /m2 ,鲜重 3 63 .7g/m2。阔叶杂草主要为黄花菜 (田斑 )、繁缕、碎米荠等 ,药前密度 990株 /m2 ,鲜重 2 47.1 g/m2 。1 .3　环境条件 :试验安排在捉牛岗乡万家村油菜田中进行 ,油菜长势较差 ,部分开始抽苔。试验田前作为一季晚稻 ,土壤 p H值 5.5左右 ,肥力中等。1 .4　供试…     

溴虫腈·丁醚脲34%悬浮剂高效液相色谱分析

本文采用高效液相色谱法,以甲醇＋水溶液为流动相,使用WondaSil C18 5μm为填料的不锈钢柱和紫外波长检测器,检测波长245nm,对溴虫腈.丁醚脲34%悬浮剂进行的定量分析。结果表明,方法的标准偏差分别为0.08、0.12,变异系数为0.78%、0.47%,平均回收率为99.48%、99.67%,线性相关系数为0.999、0.999。     

Optimization of chemical control of Pseudoperonospora cubensis on cucumber in Ukraine

Downy mildew ( Pseudoperonospora cubensis ) is one of the most harmful diseases of cucumber in Ukraine. At high disease severity, the growing season is considerably shortened and yield is reduced. The most effective method of control is the development of resistant cultivars but, in the absence of absolutely resistant forms, control with fungicides remains very important. The effectiveness of such treatment depends on the dates of application, the number of sprays and the efficacy of the fungicides used. An improved scheme is presented, based on three components: use of cultivars with increased resistance; application of highly effective systemic + contact fungicides; and reliable short-term forecasting of disease appearance. The predictors for downy mildew forecasting are: sum of effective temperatures, weather index, duration of leaf wetness, concentration of sporangia in air and latent period of disease development. These conditions determine'critical days'for disease development. The first fungicide spray on less susceptible cultivars is recommended on the first critical day, and the next on the day of appearance of first disease symptoms. This scheme allows the fungicide load to be approximately halved, while ensuring higher yield.     

氟氯吡啶酯与双氟磺草胺复配的田间除草效果及其对作物安全性评价

氟氯吡啶酯属于人工合成激素类除草剂全新类别,是芳香基吡啶甲酸类家族的第1位成员,为明确其作用特点、除草活性、与双氟磺草胺复配后的除草效果以及对小麦和后茬作物的安全性,连续2年分别于小麦越冬前和返青初期施药,在冬小麦田进行了田间试验。结果表明,7.5 g/L氟氯吡啶酯EC在7.5 g/hm2用量下,对猪殃殃、播娘蒿防效较好,2次施药末次调查对猪殃殃防效为96.5%和100%,对播娘蒿防效为94.1%和81.1%;对麦瓶草防效较差,末次调查为57.1%和27.9%,对麦家公无效。复配制剂20%氟氯吡啶酯·双氟磺草胺WG在15、20、30 g/hm2用量下,对猪殃殃、播娘蒿、麦瓶草防效均较好,株防效为90.5%~100%,对麦家公防效略差,越冬前施药株防效为78.8%~98.6%,返青初期施药株防效为20.9%~82.5%;末次调查时杂草总鲜重防效为90.1%~98.2%,2次施药结果差异不显著。小麦田喷施该复配制剂15~45 g/hm2剂量,对小麦安全,未见任何药害症状;且对后茬作物玉米、大豆、花生、棉花、谷子均安全。     

Screening of wildcucumis species against downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) isolates from cucumbers

Under controlled inoculation, a set of 56 accessions belonging to 19 wild species of the genusCucumis was studied for resistance to seven isolates of cucurbit downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. et Curt.) Rostow.) from cucumber. No resistance toP. cubensis was detected in theseCucumis accessions. In three host accession/pathogen isolate combinations, limited sporulation was observed. Nine newCucumis species are described as hosts forP. cubensis: C. africanus, C. ficifolius, C. figarei, C. meeusii, C. metuliferus, C. myriocarpus, C. leptodermis, C. sagittatus andC. zeyheri. Results are discussed in relation to the origin and evolution ofCucumis species.     

10%哒螨灵烟剂防治朱砂叶螨试验

朱砂叶螨[Tetranychus cinnabarinus （Boisduval）]目前已成为危害甘肃省保护地黄瓜、茄子等蔬菜的主要害螨。此虫以成螨和若螨聚集在叶背面吸食汁液，使受害后叶片呈现灰白色或枯黄色细小的失绿斑点，进而叶片成焦糊状，严重时叶片干枯脱落，甚至造成植株死亡，产量损失一般在10％～25％。生产上主要使用阿维菌素类药剂喷雾防治，而喷雾会增加棚室湿度，从而加重病害的发生流行。烟剂以其施药简便、防效高、见效快、不增加棚室内湿度、环境污染较轻等特点，近年来在保护地使用面积逐年扩大。     

黄瓜霜霉病综合防治的无公害技术措施

生产无公害蔬菜，在病虫防治方面，要求优先选用植物源农药、生物源农药、矿质源农药，合理、科学使用高效、低残、低毒化学农药。在黄瓜霜霉病的防治实践中，笔者摸索运用无公害防病技术措施，使黄瓜中的农药残留量不超过国家规定的允许量。这是经过多年的实践总结出来的，又通过近３a在农场、观光农业区棚室黄瓜生产的验证，表明此项技术对防治棚室黄瓜霜霉病有明显的效果。黄瓜霜霉病综合防治的无公害技术措施如下：１）选用抗病品种。津杂２号、４号，津春２号、中农５号、７号、１０号、１３，天津密刺、８３－６等，依各地用种习惯选…     

Discovery of the Eucalyptus canker pathogen Chrysoporthe cubensis on native Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Colombia

Chrysoporthe cubensis is one of the most serious canker pathogens on commercially grown Eucalyptus species in the tropics and subtropics. During recent surveys for native hosts of C. cubensis in Colombia, fungi with fruiting structures similar to those of C. cubensis were found on native Miconia theaezans and Miconia rubiginosa , both members of the Melastomataceae. These fungi were identified based on morphology and DNA sequences of the ITS1/ITS2 region of the rDNA operon and the β-tubulin genes. The majority of isolates from M. theaezans and M. rubiginosa grouped together with South American C. cubensis isolates from Eucalyptus species and Syzygium aromaticum (clove). However, some of the isolates from M. theaezans grouped with isolates of Chrysoporthella hodgesiana , another anamorph species linked to Chrysoporthe , from Tibouchina spp. in Colombia. Pathogenicity of these fungi was assessed on various Melastomataceae. Miconia rubiginosa was more susceptible to infection by C. cubensis than two Eucalyptus clones . Isolates of C. cubensis and Chrysop. hodgesiana were mildly pathogenic on the various hosts included in the pathogenicity trials, and most pathogenic on Tibouchina urvilleana and Tibouchina lepidota .     

锐劲特及其复配剂防治水稻穗期三化螟试验

应用锐劲特及其复配剂防治水稻穗期三化螟试验结果表明,锐劲特复配制剂21％锐捷乳油、36％锐仙乳油、3.5％锐丹乳油分别先后2次用药,防治水稻穗期3代三化螟均有较好的效果,保穗效果达79.65％～92.64％,其防效明显高于5％锐劲特悬浮剂。单用5％锐劲特悬浮剂防治3代三化螟效果不理想。