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试验旨在研究微生态制剂与酶制剂联合使用对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液指标和肠黏膜防御屏障功能的影响。选取180头体重相近、健康状况良好的24 d断奶的"长×大"仔猪,随机分为两组,每组3个重复,每个重复30头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂在基础日粮中添加100 g/t酶制剂+微生态制剂的试验日粮,试验期25 d。结果显示:①与对照组相比,断奶仔猪日粮中添加酶制剂和微生态制剂有提高其平均日增重和平均日采食量,降低料重比的趋势(P0.05);②试验组猪只血清中谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性均显著低于对照组(P0.05),IL-2和TNF-α的含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05),血液抗氧化能力与对照组相比无显著差异(P0.05);③试验组猪只空肠黏膜sIgA的含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);④紧密连接蛋白ZO-1(P0.05)和Occludin(P0.01)在试验组猪只空肠黏膜中的表达量显著高于对照组。综上表明,断奶仔猪日粮中添加100 g/t酶制剂+微生态制剂具有一定改善其生长性能、促进肝脏健康和增强肠黏膜防御屏障功能的作用。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2014,(19)
试验选用160头长白断奶仔猪进行试验,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每重复10头仔猪。仔猪在28 d断奶,断奶之前预饲7 d,断奶之后开始正式试验28 d,试验期共计35 d。从预饲期开始,空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+新型微生态和酶复合制剂,其中新型微生态和酶复合制剂的添加量分别为100、200和300 g/t。试验结果表明,3个试验组在日增质量、料重比和腹泻率3项指标上均优于对照组。其中,试验Ⅱ组仔猪的日增质量显著高于其他几个组别,并且试验Ⅱ组仔猪的料重比也显著低于其他组别。试验Ⅲ组仔猪的腹泻率最低。对照组和3个试验组的单位增质量费用成本分别为11.28、10.47、9.42和9.50元/kg。结果表明:新型微生态和酶复合制剂可显著提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,且添加量为200 g/t的经济效益最好。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2017,(1)
试验旨在研究复合有机酸化剂、复合酶制剂、微生态制剂和植物提取物的组合使用对乳仔猪生长性能和抗腹泻性能的影响,选用100头初始体质量6.5 kg的(21±3)d断奶仔猪,随机分为2个处理组,每处理组5个重复,每重复10头猪,均按照断奶期、保育前期和保育后期3个阶段依次饲养。对照组在基础日粮中添加硫黏+喹乙醇+金霉素,试验组在基础日粮中添加复合有机酸化剂+复合酶制剂+微生态制剂+植物提取物,不使用抗生素,试验期47 d,其中断奶期7 d,保育前期10 d,保育后期30 d。结果表明:仔猪断奶后0~7 d,试验组平均日采食量和平均日增质量比对照组分别提高6.4%和12.3%(P0.05),料重比低于对照组(P0.05),2组间腹泻率无显著差异(P0.05);保育前期,试验组平均日采食量和平均日增质量比对照组分别提高9.5%和10.4%(P0.05),2组间料肉比差异不显著(P0.05),腹泻率差异不显著(P0.05);保育后期,试验组平均日采食量和平均日增质量比对照组分别提高3.0%和9.5%(P0.05),2组间料肉比差异不显著(P0.05),腹泻率差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,在试验条件下,用复合有机酸化剂+复合酶制剂+微生态制剂+植物提取物组合使用替代抗生素,可改善乳仔猪的生长性能并降低腹泻率。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究多菌种复合微生态制剂对蛋种鸡生产性能的影响。选用384只15周龄的海兰褐蛋种鸡,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复24只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组在基础日粮中分别添加50、100、200 g/t的复合微生态制剂。结果表明,试验3组的平均蛋重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但开产日龄比对照组晚;在27~30周龄时试验2组显著提高了产蛋率并降低了料蛋比(P<0.05),而试验3组的产蛋率显著降低(P<0.05),料蛋比升高(P>0.05);试验组的繁殖性能指标与对照组差异不显著。因此,饲料中添加复合微生态制剂可以提高蛋种鸡产蛋前期的生产性能,本试验中复合微生态制剂的适宜添加量为100 g/t。 相似文献
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试验研究了纤维素复合酶制剂、微生态制剂以及两种添加剂同时饲喂育肥牛,对育肥牛增重效果的影响。选择250kg左右西门塔尔架子牛(公牛)计120头,随机分为四组,即试验1组、试验2组、试验3组、对照组,每组2个重复,每个重复15头牛。试验1组在基础日粮中添加微生态制剂(添加比例为精补料100g/t),试验2组在基础日粮中添加纤维素复合酶制剂(添加比例为精补料100g/t),试验3组在基础日粮中添加复合微生态制剂和纤维素复合酶制剂(添加比例分别为精补料100g/t),对照组饲喂基础日粮。试验结果表明,在日粮中添加微生态制剂能显著提高育肥牛平均日增重(P﹤0.05),在日粮中添加酶制剂对育肥牛增重效果不显著(P0.05),有提高的趋势。但二者同时添加,对育肥牛增重效果最好,统计分析差异显著(P﹤0.05),且经济效益最高。 相似文献
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为研究复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率等的影响,试验选取48头杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.1%的复合微生态制剂,每组3个重复,每个重复8头猪。饲养试验为期21 d。试验结果表明:(1)试验组与对照组相比,平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),两组日采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组饲料增重比降低12.35%(P<0.05);(2)与对照组相比,添加复合微生态制剂的试验组发病率降低39.53%,腹泻率降低75.34%,均差异极显著(P<0.01)。由此可见,日粮中添加复合微生态制剂能够减少断奶仔猪的腹泻率,提高其生长性能。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料.饲料世界》2019,(8)
以5000只520日龄海兰褐蛋鸡为试验对象,将其随机分成2组,每组5个重复,每个重复500只,以基础日粮为对照组,以基础日粮添加100 g/t微生态制剂为试验组,连续试验66 d,考察乳酸菌类微生态制剂对蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能的影响。结果显示:试验组蛋鸡产蛋率显著提高(P0.05),蛋质量显著增加(P0.05),蛋鸡料蛋比显著降低(P0.05)。试验结果表明,在饲料中添加微生态制剂可以提高蛋鸡产蛋后期的生产性能,利于延长淘汰时间。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究肠杆菌肽在断奶仔猪生产中的应用效果。选取144头28日龄且平均体重为(7.35±0.21)kg的健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组仔猪饲喂基础饲粮,试验组仔猪饲喂在基础饲粮基础上分别添加硫酸黏菌素(30 g/t)、天蚕素抗菌肽(300 g/t)以及肠杆菌肽(300、400和500 g/t)的试验饲粮。试验期为28 d,分为试验前期(第1~14天)和试验后期(第15~28天)2个阶段。结果显示:1)试验前期、试验后期和整个试验期,400和500 g/t肠杆菌肽组的平均日增重(ADG)均显著高于对照组(P0.05),料重比均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。试验第7、14和28天时,各试验组腹泻率均极显著低于对照组(P0.01),其中以500 g/t肠杆菌肽组最低。2)试验第14天时,500 g/t肠杆菌肽组血清尿素氮(U N)含量显著低于对照组和30 g/t硫酸黏菌素组(P0.05);试验第28天时,400和500 g/t肠杆菌肽组血清UN含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),且500 g/t肠杆菌肽组还显著低于30 g/t硫酸黏菌素组(P0.05)。试验第14和28天时,400和500 g/t肠杆菌肽组血清球蛋白(GLB)含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)试验第14和28天时,500 g/t肠杆菌肽组血清免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)含量较对照组分别高出17.27%(P0.05)、16.20%(P0.05)。试验第14天时,各抗菌肽组血清补体4(C 4)含量均显著高于对照组和30 g/t硫酸黏菌素组(P0.05)。4)试验第14和28天时,各抗菌肽组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著低于对照组和30 g/t硫酸黏菌素组(P0.01)。试验第28天时,500 g/t肠杆菌肽组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SO D)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-A O C)显著高于对照组和30 g/t硫酸黏菌素组(P0.05)。综上所述,肠杆菌肽在提高断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫性能和抗氧化能力方面优于天蚕素抗菌肽,也优于抗生素硫酸黏菌素,饲粮中肠杆菌肽的适宜添加量为500 g/t。 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2016,(12)
本试验旨在研究酵母水解物与复合酶制剂或微生态制剂联合应用对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选用体况良好、体重接近的"杜×长×大"三元杂交35日龄保育猪480头,随机分成5组,每组8个重复,每个重复12头猪,公母各占1/2。采用单因子试验设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2%血浆蛋白粉(组1)、0.5%酵母水解物(组2)、0.5%酵母水解物+0.02%复合酶制剂(组3)和0.5%酵母水解物+0.03%微生态制剂(组4)。试验预试期3 d;正试期25 d,分为Ⅰ期(1~14 d)和Ⅱ期(15~25 d)2个阶段。结果表明:1)试验Ⅰ期,各试验组保育猪平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)均比对照组显著增加(P0.05),组3料重比(F/G)显著低于对照组(P0.05),其余各组数值介于两者之间;试验Ⅱ期,ADG和F/G各组之间差异不显著(P0.05),但与对照组相比,组1保育猪的ADFI显著提高(P0.05),且组1、组2和组4的腹泻率显著低于对照组与组3(P0.05);试验全期,与对照组相比,组1保育猪ADG、ADFI均显著提高(P0.05),其余各组数值介于两者之间。2)与组2相比,组3保育猪血清中甘油三酯含量显著降低(P0.05),其余血清生化指标各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。由此可知,血浆蛋白粉和酵母水解物能不同程度地改善保育猪的生长性能,酵母水解物具有替代保育猪饲粮中血浆蛋白粉的潜能,但酵母水解物与微生态制剂或复合酶制剂的联合应用并未产生协同效应。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献