Salmon oil supplementation in dogs affects the blood flow of testicular arteries

The administration of fish oils is known to cause changes in several reproductive parameters of domestic animals. The ingestion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of the omega-3 family, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has been described and correlated with changes in the semen quality, testosterone levels and male fertility. Nevertheless, few studies monitored and registered effects after ceasing supplementation. In the present study, we monitored the Doppler velocimetric and ultrasonographic parameters of nine dogs' testis for 90 days (D90) checking the effect of salmon oil supplementation, and monitoring continued for 60 days more, after ceasing supplementation (D150). Ultrasonographic evaluations comprised determining the Doppler velocimetric parameters, testicular and epididymal volume, and testicular echotexture. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) as well as final diastolic velocity (EDV) in the supratesticular arteries (STA), and marginal artery (MA) increased during the period of treatment and kept that level up to D150. There was no difference between the fish-oil supplementation period and the unsupplemented one regarding the testicular and epididymal volume and echogenicity and heterogeneity characteristics. A negative correlation was found between heterogeneity of testis and sperm production (r = −.41, p = .008). Doppler velocimetry indices were affected by the supplementation, leading to an increase in testicular blood flow.     

Relationships among scrotal and testicular characteristics, sperm production, and seminal quality in 129 beef bulls.

Standard breeding soundness examinations plus measurement of scrotal surface temperature (SST), internal/scrotal testicular temperatures, testicular ultrasonographic echotexture, daily sperm production, and epididymal sperm reserves were conducted on 129, 16-month-old crossbred beef bulls. There were significant positive linear correlations between SST and internal scrotal/testicular temperatures, a positive linear regression (P < 0.06) of bottom SST with the incidence of secondary sperm defects, but a negative linear regression (P < 0.01) with the incidence of primary sperm defects. Testicular echotexture had a positive linear regression with daily sperm production (P < 0.002) and testicular tone had a negative linear regression (P < 0.008) with epididymal sperm reserves. Scrotal circumference had a positive linear regression (P < 0.04) with the percentage of progressively motile sperm, a negative linear regression (P < 0.1) with the incidence of primary sperm defects, and a positive linear regression (P < 0.0001) with epididymal sperm reserves. In addition to seminal quality and scrotal circumference, testicular ultrasonographic echotexture has considerable promise for augmenting breeding soundness examinations of bulls.     

Effect of divergent selection for testosterone production on testicular morphology and daily sperm production in boars

The objective of this study was to characterize correlated responses in testicular morphology and daily sperm production to divergent selection for testosterone production. Duroc boars from high and low lines (HTL and LTL, respectively) divergently selected over 10 generations for testosterone production in response to a GnRH challenge followed by random selection were used. Testicular tissues were sampled from all available males of generation 20 (HTL, n = 46; and LTL, n = 13). Volume densities for Leydig cells, seminiferous tubules, and Sertoli cells were estimated along with sperm production. The HTL boars had greater volume densities of Leydig cells than did LTL (P < 0.01). Volume density of seminiferous tubules tended to differ between lines (P < 0.07), but Sertoli cell volume densities did not differ (P < 0.27). Sperm production traits, adjusted for age, did not differ significantly between lines. Body, testicular, and epididymal weights were recorded for boars from HTL (n = 82) and LTL (n = 44) from generations 20 and 21. After adjustment for BW, average paired testicular weights for HTL and LTL were 417 and 457 g (P < 0.01), respectively. Epididymal weights, adjusted for BW, were heavier for HTL (P < 0.01) than for LTL. To demonstrate that the selection lines still differed for testosterone production, lines were evaluated in generation 21. Endogenous testosterone production of the HTL (n = 54) and LTL (n = 44) testosterone production line averaged 49.0 ng/mL and 27.8 ng/mL (P < 0.01), respectively. Plasma FSH concentrations did not differ between lines (P < 0.30). Selection for testosterone production in response to a GnRH challenge was an effective method of changing testosterone concentrations, testicular size, epididymal weight, and volume density of Leydig cells. However, daily sperm production per gram of testes was unchanged. Based on the results of this study, selection for testosterone production is not recommended as a method of increasing sperm production in pigs.     

Sequential testicular and epididymal damage in Zebu bulls experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

Six Zebu bulls aged between 31 and 34 months exhibiting good libido were used to study sequential testicular and epididymal damage in Trypanosoma vivax infection. Three bulls were infected with T. vivax, while the other three served as controls. All infected bulls became parasitaemic by day 5 post-infection and developed clinical trypanosomosis with rapidly developing anaemia. Representative bulls, one from each of the infected and control groups, were sacrificed on days 14, 28 and 56 post-infection. Testes and epididymides from these animals were studied histopathologically after processing and staining with haematoxylin and eosin (H and E). Testicular degeneration developed in all the infected bulls characterized by depletion of spermatogenic cells and destruction of interstitial tissue. The most severe testicular degeneration occurred in the bull that was sacrificed 56 days post-infection. Epididymal sperm reserves were 36%, 4% and 0%, respectively, in infected bulls that were sacrificed on days 14, 28 and 56 post-infection. The 0% epididymal sperm reserve may suggest complete cessation of spermatogenesis. It was concluded from this study that T. vivax infection of Zebu bulls could cause severe testicular and epididymal damage that may result in infertility or even sterility of the affected animals at early infection stages not previously thought.     

Distribution of glycoproteins on feline testicular sperm, epididymal sperm and ejaculated sperm

Glycoproteins (GPs) are known to be involved in the phenomenon of sperm maturation and capacitation. In the present study, we investigated the attachment of GPs on sperm cell membrane during the process of feline sperm maturation from testicular sperm to ejaculated sperm by using 8 FITC-labeled lectins. The results showed that 3 types of GPs were presented on testicular sperm and 7 on caput epididymal sperm. Corpus and cauda epididymal sperm and ejaculated sperm had GPs detected by 8 FITC-labeled lectins used in the present study. This study demonstrates the part of the characteristic of GPs that are present on the feline sperm cell membrane during the process of sperm maturation.     

Pubertal changes in the secretion of gonadotropic hormones, testicular gonadotropic receptors and testicular function in the ram

Developmental changes in pituitary content and secretory patterns of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL), testicular size and steroidogenic function, testicular LH- and FSH-binding activity, and growth of the accessory sex organs were examined for 24 Dorset X Leicester X Suffolk rams (born in March) every 30 days from 30 to 150 days of age, and again at 200 days. Pituitary LH and FSH contents increased between 30 and 60 days of age and remained constant until 150 days, when contents were somewhat greater than on either 120 or 200 days. LH-pulse amplitude and frequency, and mean FSH concentration, were highest at 60 and (or) 90 days of age. Testicular growth increased dramatically between 90 and 150 days of age in association with increases in the number of LH- (100-fold) and FSH- (33-fold) binding sites in the testis and a small increase in blood testosterone concentration (1 ng/ml). During the same period, pituitary content and blood concentration of PRL increased to maximal values, epididymal, vesicular gland and bulbourethral gland weights increased 6-fold, and body weight doubled. Between 150 and 200 days of age, testosterone concentration increased considerably (8 ng/ml), as did LH-pulse frequency and the amount of LH- and FSH- binding in the testis; the reproductive organs continued to grow at a rate faster than that of the body as a whole. Testicular development of ram lambs was accompanied by increases in the secretion of all three pituitary hormones with gonadotropic properties, and in the number of LH and FSH receptors.     

In vitro study on the increase of trypsin resistance in the rat testicular sperm head.

The alteration of trypsin resistance in rat sperm head was investigated after the sperm were incubated in the culture media (199-Earele, 1% BSA) containing the inhibitors of protein synthesis. The head of non-incubated testicular sperm was easily digested by trypsin (1 mg/ml) while the head of the incubated sperm showed resistance to trypsin digestion after 3 hr-incubation. Trypsin resistance in epididymal sperm head did not change after the sperm was incubated. Neither cycloheximide (100 micrograms/ml) nor chloramphenicol (100 micrograms/ml) affected the trypsin resistance in the testicular sperm head.     

Correlation of testicular ultrasonography,testicular biometry,serum testosterone levels and seminal attributes in pre and post-pubertal age for breeding soundness evaluation in Osmanabadi bucks

The present research work entitled “Correlation of testicular ultrasonography, testicular biometry, serum testosterone levels and seminal attributes in pre- and post-pubertal age for breeding soundness evaluation in Osmanabadi bucks” was undertaken in 18 healthy Osmanabadi bucks from the Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai, Maharashtra. The body weight (kg), scrotal circumference (cm) and testicular biometry (cm) of post-weaning 18 Osmanabadi male kids was recorded every 15 days from weaning, i.e., 120?±?10 days along with serum testosterone (ng/ml) by radioimmunoassay method at monthly intervals for the next 6 months. Semen was collected six times on the seventh month onward during post-pubertal age at 15-day interval from 18 bucks. The semen was evaluated for macroscopic and microscopic tests. The body weight increased from 14.45?±?0.67 to 19.57?±?0.70 kg from four to nine and a half months of age. The average daily body weight gain was 31.27 g. Maximum body weight gain was 01.19?±?0.16 kg from 5 to 6 followed by 01.15?±?0.16 kg from 4 to 5 months of age. The scrotal circumference increased from 17.22?±?0.56 to 19.03?±?0.55 cm from four to nine and a half months of age with maximum increased between 4 and 5 followed by 6 and 7 months of age. The testicular length, width and thickness of right and left testicles were recorded by ultrasonography method. There was increase in mean right and left testicular length, width and thickness from 5.25?±?0.19 to 5.84?±?0.18 and 5.49?±?0.21 to 6.16?±?0.20; 2.99?±?0.12 to 3.32?±?0.12 and 3.10?±?0.13 to 3.44?±?0.12 and 2.97?±?0.12 to 3.16?±?0.12 and 3.06?±?0.12 to 3.31?±?0.11 cm, respectively by ultrasonography, between four to nine and a half months of age. Testicular length, width and thickness gain was at maximum in 5 to 6 months of age. Left testicular length was more than the right testis. Before puberty, there was sudden gain in body weight, testicular length and width. However, scrotal circumference showed significant increase after puberty. Body weight had highest correlation with ultrasonographic left testicular thickness (r?=?1) followed by scrotal circumference, ultrasonographic right and left testicular width, left testicular length, right testicular length and thickness and least by right testicular thickness (r?=?0.95). The semen was thin to thick in consistency and average semen density was 3.10?±?0.05. Average semen volume was 0.81?±?0.02 ml, mass activity, initial motility, live and dead sperm count, abnormal sperm count and sperm concentration were 3.45?±?0.13, 76.16?±?1.16 and 75.16?±?1.28% and 24.84?±?1.28, 12.30?±?0.50% and 2631.04?±?45.74 million/ml, respectively in 18 bucks in six collection at 15 days. There was significant rise in semen volume, mass activity, initial motility and concentration at 8.5 months and live count, density at 9 months of age which indicates the age of sexual maturity is 8.5 to 9 months in Osmanabadi bucks. The body weight had highest positive correlation with mass activity (r?=?98) followed by initial motility, live sperm count and total sperm concentration, semen volume (r?=?76). The scrotal circumference had highest positive correlation with initial motility (r?=?98) followed by live sperm count, total sperm count, mass activity, semen volume (r?=?86). On the other hand, body weight and scrotal circumference were negatively correlated with abnormal and dead sperm count. The mean testosterone concentration increased from 0.02?±?0.004 to 5.75?±?0.80 ng/ml between four and half to nine and half months of age, respectively. There was significant rise (p?<?0.01) up to 1.38?±?0.28 ng/ ml at 6.5 months, i.e., age of puberty and up to 5.75?±?0.80 ng/ml at 9.5 months, i.e., age of sexual maturity. Testosterone had highest positive correlation with testicular length followed by testicular width, length, body weight and scrotal circumference, mass activity, live sperm count, initial motility, while it had highest negative correlation with dead and abnormal sperm count. From the present research work, it was concluded that the scrotal circumference, testicular length, width and thickness increased with increasing body weight. Before puberty, there was sudden gain in body weight, testicular length and width. However, scrotal circumference increased significantly at post-pubertal age. So testicular length, body weight, testicular width in pre pubertal age and scrotal circumference post-pubertal age can be used as indicator for selection of Osmanabadi bucks for breeding purpose. On the other hand, the semen parameters should consider only after 8.5 to 9 months of age for selection of Osmanabadi bucks for breeding.

     

Endocrine and sperminogenic testicular function. 8. Relationships between testicular and plasma testosterone concentrations as well as between the number of Leydig cells in testicular tissue and their cell nucleus volume in boars of different ages]

Testicular tissue and blood samples (V. spermatica interna) were taken from 32 boars during castration. The animals were different age groups. Against this background, studies were conducted into the correlations between testicular and plasma testosterone, on the one hand, and the amount of interstitial cells of Leydig in testicular tissue as well as the latters' cell nuclei volumes, on the other. The results seemed to support the conclusion that any age-dependent increase of testicular and plasma testosterone concentrations was caused unambigously by an absolute increase in volume of androgenic testicular tissue, in concomitance with testicular growth, in other words, by rise in the total number of interstitial cells of Leydig.     

Correlation of testicular artery Doppler velocimetry with kinetics and morphologic characteristics of epididymal sperm in dogs

Sperm quality can be affected by a reduction in testicular blood flow, which can be measured by Doppler ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to correlate the Doppler velocimetry of the testicular artery with kinetics of the epididymal spermatozoa in dogs. Twenty-two dogs (44 testicles) were evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography in five regions of the testicular artery before orchiectomy. Spermatozoa were recovered by the epididymal tail compression technique and analysed for kinetics on a computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA system). Morphology (modified Karras) and sperm membrane integrity were analysed by eosin–nigrosine staining. Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation test (p < .01). The mean total motility was 69.0% ± 17.7, progressive motility was 43.7% ± 14.7, average path velocity (VAP) was 127.0 µm/s ± 20.7, curvilinear velocity (VCL) was 221.0 µm/s ± 31.1, and sperm velocity index (SVI) was 389.9 ± 56.1. There were positive correlations between the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the proximal supratesticular region with the SVI (r = .529), VCL (r = .555) and VAP (r = .473), and a negative correlation with the percentage of slow spermatozoa (r = −.463). The results suggest that the testicular artery blood flow velocity can positively affect the speed of spermatozoa movement. For the first time, we have correlated sperm kinetics with the Doppler evaluation of the testicular artery in dogs.     

Genetic variation in testicular development and its relationship to female reproductive traits in swine

In situ length and width of both testes and body weight were recorded on 40 Chester White, 60 Landrace, 60 Large White and 62 Yorkshire boars born in the spring and on 57 Duroc, 54 Hampshire, 57 Pietrain and 50 Spot boars born in the fall. Testicular biopsies on one-half of the boars in each breed group were evaluated for percentage of tubules with complete spermatogenesis and for diameter of tubules. Testicular volume of both testes was estimated at 98 and 154 d of age and 36 and 81 kg. Breed effects were significant for all testicular traits except testicular volume at 36 kg in the spring farrowing and testicular volume at 98 d of age in the fall farrowing. The estimate of heritability for testicular volume was low at 98 d of age (.12 +/- .14) but large at 154 d of age (.55 +/- .12). Heritability estimates for testicular volume were lower at constant weights (.11 +/- .14 and .14 +/- .12) than at constant ages (.12 and .55). Heritability estimates for traits measured by biopsy were moderate to large (.22 +/- .22 to .78 +/- .18). Phenotypic correlations of in situ testicular volume with traits measured by biopsy were moderate and positive when estimated within a breed (.16 to .52). Genetic correlations of testicular volume at constant ages and weights with traits measured by biopsy were moderate to large and positive (.58 to greater than 1.0); similar correlations among bred means were quite variable (-.35 to .91). Selection for increased testicular volume would not be antagonistic to selection goals for growth and backfat. However, selection for improvement in traits measured by biopsy may result in undesirable changes in growth rate and backfat probe. Genetic correlations of testicular traits with age at puberty and litter size of females were not consistent in magnitude or sign between the two estimation procedures.     

Doppler velocimetric parameters of the testicular artery in healthy dogs

This study aimed to examine the Doppler velocimetric pattern of the testicular artery of small dogs in two different locations. Testes of 21 dogs were evaluated by two-dimensional ultrasonography to measure testicular volume and by Doppler ultrasonography to record the velocimetric patterns of the testicular artery in the spermatic cord and marginal location. The volume of left testes (4.70 ± 1.22 cm³) was significantly higher than the volume of the right testes (4.45 ± 1.17 cm³). Peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the left spermatic cord was significantly higher than the right side. End-diastolic velocity was significantly higher in the marginal artery than the spermatic cord on both sides; however, resistance and pulsatility indexes were significantly lower in the marginal artery. Results demonstrate the viability of Doppler ultrasonography for characterization of the testicular artery in small dogs and Doppler velocimetric values vary according to the location of measurement along the artery.     

Long-term vasoligation in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

The effects of long-term (14 months) unilateral vasoligation on the tests and their excurrent ducts of the domestic fowl were studied histologically and ultrastructurally. Severe testicular degeneration and epididymal atrophy were observed in the ipsilateral organs while the contralateral control organs were normal. Massive macrophage activity was observed in the epididymal regions and to a lesser extent in some severely degenerated seminiferous tubules. Several granulomata occurred in the epididymal regions and the ducti deferentes, and most were resorbed or were undergoing resorption at the time of examination.     

Scrotal circumference, seminal characteristics, and testicular lesions of yearling Angus bulls

The effect of age and body weight on scrotal circumference (SC), the effect of SC on percentage of sperm abnormalities and seminal characteristics, and the relationship of SC with testicular weight, epididymidal weight, degree of germinal epithelial loss (DGEL), and percentage of tubules graded 4 or greater (G4+) were studied in 37 Angus bulls. All bulls were from one herd and were examined at monthly intervals, during a 140-day weight gain test starting when they were 11 months old. The study was terminated when the bulls were slaughtered at 14 months of age. As age and body weight increased, SC increased (P less than 0.001). The incidence of sperm abnormalities decreased (P less than 0.001) as SC increased; however, seminal characteristics remained poor in bulls with SC less than or equal to 32 cm. Pathologic changes in 600 cross sections of seminiferous tubules from each bull were classified into 9 grades. The DGEL per 100 tubules was calculated by assigning a value to each grade according to the severity of loss of germinal epithelium. Tubules classified as G4+ were devoid of germinal cells and provided an index of irreversible loss of germinal epithelium. The SC was correlated positively with testicular weight (r = 0.91, P less than 0.001) and epididymal weight (r = 0.59, P less than 0.001) and negatively with DGEL (r = -0.48, P less than 0.01) and G4+ (r = -0.44, P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Immunohistochemical expression of calretinin in canine testicular tumours and normal canine testicular tissue

Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein expressed abundantly in the central and peripheral neural tissues. It has been demonstrated to be a valuable marker in human testicular neoplasia. The immunohistochemical expression of calretinin has been studied in 102 samples of normal (n=25) and three different neoplastic canine testicular tumours (n=77). In normal canine testis, calretinin expression was restricted to Leydig and Sertoli cells of the testis. In tumour tissues, calretinin expression was detected in all tumours investigated (interstitial cell tumours, seminoma, and Sertoli cell tumours), with a cytoplasmic and nuclear pattern of cellular distribution. The present work reports, for the first time, calretinin immunohistochemical expression in normal and neoplastic canine testis.     

The effects of active immunization against gnRH on testicular development, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of beef bulls

The objective was to determine the effects of a recombinant fusion protein anti-GnRH vaccine on testicular development, feedlot performance, and carcass quality of beef bulls. Crossbred beef bulls (n = 58, average weight 306 kg, 9 mo of age), were randomly allocated to two groups and received either an anti-GnRH vaccine (GnRH) or placebo (Control) by intramuscular injection on d 0, 56, and 112. There were group effects (P < 0.01; as a percentage of Control) on testicular weight (53%), daily sperm production (40%), and epididymal sperm reserves (16%). There were group x time interactions (P < 0.0001) for scrotal circumference and serum testosterone concentrations; at slaughter, bulls in the GnRH group had a smaller (P < 0.05) scrotal circumference (28.3 vs 33.9 cm) and lower (P < 0.05) serum testosterone concentrations (2.2 vs 8.6 ng/mL) than those in the Control group. Average daily gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were not different between treatments during the backgrounding phase (d 0 to 84). During the finishing phase (d 98 to 182), ADG was greater (P < 0.05) for bulls in the Control group (1.69 vs 1.42 kg/d), as was carcass weight (6.9%; P < 0.01). However, GnRH bulls had numerically better feed efficiency (6.12 vs 7.08 kg DMI/kg gain; P < 0.23) and shear force values for ribeye that were 16% lower (P < 0.14) than Control bulls, warranting further investigation. Vaccinating bulls against GnRH suppressed testicular function, with growth and carcass characteristics similar to that expected with steers.     

Influence of the dominant white/KIT genotypes on the reproductive organs of pigs

Based on earlier studies with mice and pigs, the possible pleiotropic effects of the individual porcine Dominant White/KIT genotypes on the size, histological parameters, and surface features of the ovaries; on the size, histological characteristics, and volume of the testes; and on the occurrence of abnormal epididymal sperm cells were studied in two F2 generations of an intercross between Hampshire boars and Hungarian Large White sows. The KIT genotypes were determined by a PCR-RFLP method. The ovarian diameters of gilts of various KIT genotypes did not differ significantly (P=0.292), and the II pigs had the smallest diameters. The proportion of the investigated follicular types among the different KIT genotypes did not differ significantly (P=0.329-0.919), and the highest numbers of degenerated and atretic follicles were found in the ovaries of II genotype pigs, which also exhibited the highest proportion of primary follicles. The testis volume in the II homozygote white genotype boars (249.5 cm(3)) was significantly (P<0.01) larger than in the Ii (205.4 cm(3)) and ii (197.5 cm(3)) boars. Bodyweight and age significantly (P<0.01) affected testicular volume. KIT genotypes had no profound effect on the proportion of the various epididymal sperm abnormalities, and ii type boars showed the highest (nonsignificant) numbers of primary abnormalities. The changes in abnormal sperm cell frequency were linear to the changes in bodyweight and testis volume. We were unable to demonstrate disadvantageous effects of the KIT genotypes on the investigated ovarian, testicular, and epididymal sperm characteristics. Therefore the reproductive traits of white colored pigs examined in this study are no worse than those of pigmented breeds.     

Quantitative modification of the testicular structure in pigs fed with anabolic doses of clenbuterol

Morphological and structural data of the testes of thirty male pigs were recorded in order to evaluate the effects of an anabolic clenbuterol treatment. Pigs aged 6 months were randomly allocated to one of three experimental groups. In two treated groups, the animals were fed with anabolic doses of clenbuterol (1 ppm); in the CLB group (n = 10) clenbuterol was given until they were slaughtered (treatment period = 3 months) whereas in the CLBW group (n = 10) the clenbuterol was withdrawn two weeks before slaughter (treatment period = 2.5 months); clenbuterol was not given to the pigs of the control group (n = 10). Stereological estimations of the tissular volume fraction and tubular volume density were applied to quantify the structural constituents of the testes. The results showed an increased volume fraction of the testicular interstitium especially in the Leydig cell population, as a result of the clenbuterol treatment. The increase in the nuclear volume fraction of the Leydig cells was the more persistent change in the variations recorded in both treated groups with respect to the control. A regression of the seminal epithelium was also recorded in the treated animals. The rest of the structural parameters were closer to the normal figures in the CLBW group, suggesting a recovery of the testicular structure when clenbuterol was withdrawn.     

Effect of body condition score on the testicular biometrical measures,semen characteristics and testosterone level in jackass

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of body condition score (BCS) on testicle and epididymis biometrics, semen characteristics and testosterone level in Egyptian Jack. This study was conducted on 50 mature Jacks divided according to their body condition score into four groups: Poor (G1), moderate (G2), good (G3) and fat (G4). The complete testis was collected immediately after execution in the Giza Zoo abattoir; then, the epididymis was carefully dissected at the testicular junction. Biometrical measures including length, weight and volume were determined for the right and left testis and epididymis. Also, epididymal sperm was collected from all examined animas and evaluated for sperm concentration, progressive motility, viability and sperm abnormalities. Serum samples were collected for determination of total testosterone level. Results showed that the body condition score of the examined animal affects their biometrical measure of testicles and epididymis. There is a significant decrease (p < .05) in biometrical measures for the testicles and epididymis, sperm concentration, motility, viability and testosterone level in poor BCS animals (G1). The highest values were recorded in Good BCS (G3) Jacks. Conclusion: Jacks with good BCS (G3) should be selected for breeding activity in donkey.