我国小杂粮生产现状与发展策略

分析我国小杂粮生产与出口现状,找出影响小杂粮生产可持续发展的制约因素及出口面临的主要问题,阐述了小杂粮生产可持续发展的资源优势和发展机遇,提出我国小杂粮生产与出口发展策略,对调整农业结构和优化种植布局、发展农村经济、增加农民收入、改善人民膳食结构都具有重要的意义。     

中西部地区小杂粮的生产优势与存在问题及对策研究

小杂粮在我国中西部尤其在不发达地区农业生产中具有重要作用,而且是这些地区农民的主要经济来源之一。在我国中西部地区小杂粮生产和发     

小杂粮生产可持续发展的探讨

一、小杂粮生产的战略地位1.小杂粮易与生态环境相适应,生产力稳定2.小杂粮是保健食品原料作物3.小杂粮在调整优化农业种植结构中不可或缺4.小杂粮是畜牧业的优质饲料来源二、小杂粮生产可持续发展的潜力与前景1.加入WTO为小杂粮生产发展带来机遇相比水稻、小麦、棉花等大宗作物,我国加入WTO后为小杂粮生产带来难得的发展机遇。从世界范围看,小杂粮栽培面积较小,生产规模小,产量有限,又由于小杂粮生产的地域性和劳动密集型等特点,产量水平低于小麦、玉米、大豆等大宗作物,因而在很长一段时间内优质小杂粮产品将供不应求。此外,国际贸易的…     

辽西地区小杂粮产业现状及发展前景

近年来,小杂粮因其具有丰富的营养价值和独特的保健养生作用备受青睐,人们对小杂粮的需求量越来越大。借助农业生产结构大调整的契机,辽西地区依据当地独特的地理环境和气候条件,结合实际情况,广泛开展小杂粮种植活动,并逐步向产业化、规模化、科学化方向发展,是实现我国农业生产现代化发展的必然。     

小杂粮产业化发展战略与对策

调整优化农业生产结构和品种结构,推进农业产业化经营,实现农业增效、农民增收,小杂粮占有十分重要的地位.要充分认识和发挥小杂粮的资源优势、生产优势、品质优势和价格优势,大力推进小杂粮的产业化,使小杂粮尽快形成独具特色和优势的大产业.     

我国小杂粮新品种急需加大生产应用力度

针对当前我国农作物小杂粮优良新品种生产应用过低问题,文章从最利于农业科技成果快速转化的政策角度,重点介绍了在我国北方生产种植表现突出,产量高、品质好的常见的21种小杂粮良品种的特性、特征产量表现和栽培要点等主要参数。     

府谷小杂粮的生产现状与发展前景

<正>小杂粮营养丰富,医食同源,是我国传统的保健食品原料作物,也是畜牧业的优质饲料来源。小杂粮抗旱耐瘠、经济效益高,对调整优化农业种植结构,增加农民收入,促进农业可持续发展具有重大意义。府谷县独特的气候和立地条件适宜小杂粮的生产。     

我国小杂粮新品种急需加大生产应用力度

针对当前我国农作物小杂粮优良新品种生产应用过低问题,文章从最利于农业科技成果快速转化的 政策角度,重点介绍了在我国北方生产种植表现突出,产量高、品质好的常见的21 种小杂粮良品种的特性、 特征产量表现和栽培要点等主要参数。     

探讨小杂粮机械化生产技术

小杂粮种植分散、栽培面积小、种植地区机械化作业差,再加上当前推广的小杂粮品种不适合机械化,农业合作社和农机户对小杂粮生产机械经济积极性差等原因,小杂粮的很多生产环节(种植、田间管理、收获等)依然处于手工或传统农具作业阶段。小杂粮生产机械化程度低、劳动强度大的状况,农村劳动力匮乏难以支持人工种植、人工收获的小杂粮生产方法,昂贵的人工费用和繁重的体力劳动在很大程度上降低了农民对小杂粮实施人工种植的积极性,对机械化生产技术的需求也日益增大。那么,在这样的环境下,是否能够实现对小杂粮的机械化生产,即是小杂粮产业能否得到健康发展的关键因素。文章重点对小杂粮机械化生产现状进行了系统的分析与探讨,并提出了针对小杂粮的机械化生产技术,旨在促进小杂粮产业发展。     

制约平山县小杂粮生产的因素及发展对策

随着农业种植结构的调整,“绿色食品”战略的实施,小杂粮生产在平山县得到了发展,促进了山区农民增收。但是,由于我县小杂粮产业化程度低,严重制约着资源优势的发挥。为充分发挥资源优势,提高小杂粮的整体效益和市场竞争力,针对制约小杂粮生产的因素提出发展对策。     

小杂粮主要病虫害研究

本文围绕小杂粮主要病虫害类型展开详细的研究,以山西省的农作物种植为例,并提 出具体的防治措施以及我国对于小杂粮病虫害进行防治总体的策略。以此为我国农业未来的 稳定发展提供参考借鉴。     

我国生猪适宜养殖模式的探讨

对我国以散户养殖为主的传统养猪模式及其现状进行了分析,结合我国国情和国际现代化生猪生产的发展方向,探索现阶段我国生猪适宜养殖模式,提出了以标准化养殖场（小区）为主的＂椭圆形＂养猪模式,发展我国的现代化养猪业。     

山西省阳城县小杂粮发展现状与对策

山西省阳城县小杂粮生产历史悠久,小杂粮曾经是阳城县第1大粮食作物,由于产量不高、品质不优、产业不大和效益不高的原因,制约了小杂粮生产的发展,面积大幅下降。为把这一传统特色产业做大做强,要以市场为导向,以科技进步为动力,建立标准化生产基地,发展优质小杂粮规模化生产,创建品牌产品,走产业化发展道路。     

通辽市红小豆产业发展现状及对策

随着通辽市鼓励杂粮杂豆种植，红小豆的种植面积也逐渐加大，增大了在杂粮种植面积的比例，本文旨在通过通辽市红小豆产业发展的基础解决当前农业所面临的主要问题，通过政策和技术手段发展红小豆产业，将红小豆种植逐渐发展成为通辽市杂粮种植业的支柱型农作物，为发展通辽市三农及促进东北振兴贡献力量。     

Comparison of Micromorphological Features of Two Agricultural Cultivated Soils in Guanzhong Areas, Shaanxi Province, China

By comparing micromorphological features of irrigated and non-irrigated soils in Guanzhong areas, China, this paper tries to illustrate the influences of farming management methods on the soil-forming process. The micromorphology was observed under a petrographic microscope and its image was quantificationally measured by Nikon NISBR 2.2 software. Both irrigated and non-irrigated soils have the same soil profile pattern, Ap1- AP2- BC, but the former has a more obvious profile dissimilation. The minerals assemblage of soil profiles A and B are very similar, which is mainly composed of Q and P1. Compared with non-irrigated soil, grains of irrigated soil remarkably decrease in length, area, eqdiameter, perimeter, elongation, roundness, and C/F10μm ratio; voids are characterized by more regular void shape and more smooth void wall; there is more abundant residual clay and small amount of illuvial clay. All results in this study suggest that the farming management method has influences on soil profile dissimilation and micromorphology. Agricultural irrigation could strengthen the degree of weathering, make smaller and rounder soil grains, cause a significant increase of residual clay and appearance of illuvial clay. But no significant change has been observed in the minerals assemblage of coarse grains.     

Dynamic Development of Aphelenchoides besseyi on Rice Plant by Artificial Inoculation in the Greenhouse

A study was done on the relationship between Aphelenchoides besseyi and the symptoms of small grains and erect panicles. This is an important rice disease in Jiangsu Province, China. A. besseyi was extracted from small grains and erect panicles and cultured artificially, and then inoculated into bud and leaf sheaths of seedlings of two Oryza sativa cultivars, namely Zhendao 2 and Wuyunjing 7 in a greenhouse. The effect on rice growth, in particular the small grains and erect panicles, was revealed by the extent of the disease, seed expansion stages, nematode load, and nematode mortality. In contrast to healthy seedlings, the height, length, and the numbers of spikelets of unhealthy panicles of Zhendao 2 were decreased by 6.7, 16.4, and 13.5%, respectively. Before anthesis, nematodes were attracted to the leaf sheath and apical meristem, nematode load increased by 40%; after anthesis, nematodes occurred in spikelets principally and the number increased by 90.8%. The percentages of infected seeds and nematode load were highest in plump seeds and lowest in empty seeds. Nematode mortality on grain with normal endosperm was lower than seeds with abnormal endosperm. Results indicated that A. besseyi was the pathogen in rice with the symptoms of small grains and erect panicles. Wuyunjing 7 manifests only the small grains and erect panicles symptoms and not the symptoms of leaf white-tip. These symptoms of small grains and erect panicles are new symptom records for the disease caused by A. besseyi on rice.     

Dynamic Development of Aphelenchoides besseyi on Rice Plant by Artificial Inoculation in the Greenhouse

A study was done on the relationship between Aphelenchoides besseyi and the symptoms of small grains and erect panicles. This is an important rice disease in Jiangsu Province, China. A. besseyi was extracted from small grains and erect panicles and cultured artificially, and then inoculated into bud and leaf sheaths of seedlings of two Oryza sativa cultivars, namely Zhendao 2 and Wuyunjing 7 in a greenhouse. The effect on rice growth, in particular the small grains and erect panicles, was revealed by the extent of the disease, seed expansion stages, nematode load, and nematode mortality. In contrast to healthy seedlings, the height, length, and the numbers of spikelets of unhealthy panicles of Zhendao 2 were decreased by 6.7, 16.4, and 13.5%, respectively. Before anthesis, nematodes were attracted to the leaf sheath and apical meristem, nematode load increased by 40%; after anthesis, nematodes occurred in spikelets principally and the number increased by 90.8%. The percentages of infected seeds and nematode load were highest in plump seeds and lowest in empty seeds. Nematode mortality on grain with normal endosperm was lower than seeds with abnormal endosperm. Results indicated that A. besseyi was the pathogen in rice with the symptoms of small grains and erect panicles. Wuyunjing 7 manifests only the small grains and erect panicles symptoms and not the symptoms of leaf white-tip. These symptoms of small grains and erect panicles are new symptom records for the disease caused by A. besseyi on rice.     

菊苣族植物的花粉形态

本文对我国15属,28种菊苣族(Cichorieae)植物的花粉进行了研究。根据花粉萌发孔的数目,极面特征及纹饰特点,菊苣族植物花粉可分为6类:(1)4孔沟花粉类型,(2)具发达极板3孔沟花粉类型;(3)具小极板3孔沟花粉类型;(4)多小穴3孔沟花粉类型;(5)具条纹3孔沟花粉类型;(6)具3苣极面网胞3孔沟花粉类型。据各属种主要花粉特征,作出了花粉形态分属种检索表。本文还对菊苣族植物花粉形态的多样性、萌发孔的演化趋向,以及花粉类型和纹饰在分类中的意义进行了讨论。     

中国南方农区畜牧业面临的问题与发展对策

南方农区为我国种植业和畜牧业主要生产基地.为促进南方农区畜牧业的可持续发展,把粮食主产区同时建成畜产品主产区,本文在认真分析了南方农区畜牧业的发展现状、优势的基础上,从结构调整、区域布局、市场体系建设、畜产品加工、产品质量诸方面,提出南方农区畜牧业发展的重点与对策.     

秸秆废弃物的生物学特性及其开发利用

描述了秸秆废弃物的特性、饲用价值以及常见的秸秆处理方法及其加工工艺,并在此基础之上讨论了有效的秸秆饲料化处理方法以及未来我国农业废弃物饲料化利用的发展趋势,指出秸秆饲用对于推广应用废弃秸秆资源,实现养殖动物圈养,保护我国的生态植被,节约目前日益紧张的饲料用粮以及缓解粮食供需矛盾均具有重要的现实意义和广阔的市场应用前景。