共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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王明旭 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,24(5):132-137
日本自1905年发生松材线虫病危害以来,关于松材线虫病的研究文献已达3 000多篇.设计9个一级因子、22个二级因子和35个三级因子,对日本松材线虫病的文献资料进行分析,并就我国松材线虫病研究的重点领域提出了建议. 相似文献
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气候要素对松材线虫病疫情的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
引入典范对应分析方法,研究了气候要素对松材线虫病疫情的影响。结果表明,不同的气象因子对松材线虫病的影响大小不同,并且在不同的松材线虫病侵染阶段也有差异。年平均风速以及与其相关的年蒸发量和相对湿度是影响定海区松材线虫病发病面积的最主要因素;年平均气温是影响定海区松材线虫病发病密度最主要的因素;冬春季降水过多会导致松材线虫病疫情严重,而6月份降水量越大,松材线虫病疫情越轻;相对湿度也是松材线虫病疫情的一个较重要影响因素,主要表现在3-5月份,与疫情轻重程度呈正相关。 相似文献
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松材线虫病生物防治研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus是外来入侵生物,主要依靠媒介昆虫的携带在自然界中扩散传播。目前松材线虫病的生物防治研究主要集中在对松材线虫本身及其传播媒介——松墨天牛的控制两方面。本文对国内外松材线虫病的生物防治方法研究做了总结。 相似文献
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Naoko Miki Keiji Sakamoto Takashi Nishimoto Ken Yoshikawa Yoshio Hada 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(3):181-186
We examined the relationship between the incidence of pine wilt disease and moisture conditions in the stand level ofPinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. forests in the warm-temperate zone of the western part of Japan. For this analysis, pine trees killed by pine
wilt disease were distinguished from the suppressed trees by their position in the layer of the pine forest stand. The drainage
area, which is small in the upper part and large in the lower part of the slope, was adopted for representing the moisture
conditions in the soil of the slope. The percentage of the pine trees killed by pine wilt disease increased as the size of
the drainage area increased. This result suggested that the incidence of pine wilt disease tended to be high in areas with
moist conditions. Pine trees attacked by the pinewood nematode die from extensive water deficit due to tracheid cavitations.
Pine wilt disease mainly emerges in the summer when the soil water conditions become especially severe, and the radical water
stress is thought to accelerate the disease. It was assumed that pine trees in the plots with the small drainage area resisted
the influence of the attack of the pinewood nematode because pine trees in the plots with the small drainage area encountered
long-term water stress and acquired drought tolerance. Pine trees in the plots with the large drainage area were presumed
to be well established in the moist conditions and not to have acquired drought tolerance. The drought tolerance of pine trees
was thought to be an important factor in resistance to pine wilt disease. 相似文献
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刍议枯死松树的天空地协同监测技术体系建设 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
枯死松树及时精准监测是做好松材线虫病防治的基础,传统人工线路踏查难以保证全覆盖和高时效。高空间分辨率的航空和航天遥感技术可以快速采集区域级地表覆盖数据,获取单木与树丛级森林资源健康状态信息,服务于枯死松树监测;地面调查是航天和航空遥感技术应用不可或缺的组成部分,是实现对松材线虫病疫情遥感监测必不可少的工序。枯死松树的天空地协同监测技术体系的建立,以及天空地遥感技术互为补充的集成运用,是提高松材线虫病监测调查工作实时性、客观性和科学性的重要保障,不仅可为精准监管森林资源提供相应解决方案,也是完善和丰富现有松材线虫病监测普查体系、实现松材线虫病疫情早期发现以及疫情处置监管的有效途径。 相似文献
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To clarify the effect of aerial insecticide spraying on pine wilt disease, pine wilt disease impacts was surveyed in pine stands and the damage evaluated using a logistic model. Eleven quadrats were established randomly in stands with or without aerial spraying. Aerial spraying alone did not entirely prevent the disease. Average annual mortality was lower in stands with aerial spraying than in stands without aerial spraying. Aerial spraying slowed the progress of pine wilt disease, as measured by the disease progress index. The biomass of live pine trees decreased with increased damage in stands without aerial spraying, whereas biomass was maintained in stands with aerial spraying. However, the relative basal area showed that succession of pine forests to forests dominated by other species was accelerated even in stands with aerial insecticide spraying. 相似文献
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以黑松、马尾松和火炬松为研究对象,对其接种松材线虫后4,12,24,48,72,96和120 h的NO和核酸酶的活性进行测定.3种松树接种松材线虫后,针叶内NO平均含量的积累为火炬松<马尾松<黑松,这种差异在12 ~48 h尤为明显;48h后较其割伤处理(CK1)的增加幅度为火炬松>马尾松>黑松.同时3种松树接种后的核酸酶变化趋势存在差异,单链核酸酶活性在4~48 h为火炬松>马尾松>黑松,而火炬松双链核酸酶活性在4~96h时却一直低于马尾松和黑松,这表明不同松树体内单链或双链核酸酶的活性变化与其抗病性有关.且3种松树在接种松材线虫后,表现出症状的时间顺序为黑松最早,马尾松次之,火炬松最晚.这表明NO和核酸酶的变化与松树感染松材线虫后的病程发展密切相关. 相似文献
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松材线虫病由松材线虫引起,是一种毁灭性的森林病害,到目前为止还没有找到有效的途径来防治此病.以接种松材线虫的湿地松来作为实验材料,对感病湿地松叶片内可溶性糖含量与叶片质膜透性变化的关系进行研究.结果表明:湿地松叶片的质膜透性与可溶性糖含量呈正相关,可溶性糖含量的多少在湿地松抗病过程中有重要作用;可溶性糖含量的增加是湿地松产生抗性的一种积极表现,可溶性糖含量的增加可以作为湿地松产生抗性的一个理化指标. 相似文献
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Juan Shi Youqing Luo Xiaosu Yan Weiping Chen Ping Jiang 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(1):117-122
Pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), originating from North America, causes destructive pine wilt disease. Different pine forest ecosystems have different resistances
to B. xylophilus, and after its invasion, the resilience and restoration direction of different ecosystems also varies. In this study, an
interpretative structural model was applied for analyzing the response of pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance. The result
showed that a five-degree multi-stage hierarchical system affected the response of the pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance,
in which direct affecting factors are resistance and resilience. Furthermore, the analysis to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th degree
factors showed that not only does distribution pattern of plant species and pine’s ecological features affect the resistance
of pine forests’ ecosystem, but removal of attacked trees and other measures also influence the resistance through indirectly
affecting the damage degree of Monochamus alternatus and distribution pattern of plant species. As for resilience, it is influenced directly by soil factors, hydrology, surrounding
species provenance and biological characteristics of the second and jointly dominant species, and the climate factors can
also have a direct or indirect effect on it by affecting the above factors. Among the fifth elements, the elevation, gradient
and slope direction, topographical factors, diversity of geographical location and improvement of prevention technology all
influence the response of pine forest ecosystem to PWN disturbance.
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Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2007, 43(8): 85–90 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
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松材线虫病入侵陕西的风险分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
松材线虫病自1982年在我国发现后,扩散和危害呈逐年扩大和加重趋势,严重影响了我国生态安全和经济发展。本文通过对松材线虫病定量的风险分析,得出风险值R=2.775,表明松材线虫病对陕西省而言属于特别危险的林业有害生物,应加强监测、检疫和除治管理,防止传入陕西省并造成扩散危害。 相似文献
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林内就地火烧病死木防治松材线虫病试验 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:6
林内就地火烧病死木防治松材线虫病使病死树砍伐与除害同步进行即现砍现浇。该法操作方便、成本低,效果好,文内具体提出了现砍现浇的操作方法,以避免诱发森林火灾,消除燃烧不彻底的隐患。 相似文献
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To elucidate the synergetic effects of acid rain on the development of pine wilt disease, we measured the sap flow rate in the stems and the chlorophyll content in the needles of 10‐year‐old Japanese black pine trees, Pinus thunbergii and 12‐year‐old Japanese red pine trees, Pinus densiflora, after exposure to simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 3) or tap water (TW, pH 6.3) as a control. The heat pulse method was used for the estimation of the sap flow rate. No apparent difference was found in the sap flow rate between the trees exposed to SAR and TW, but the chlorophyll content of needles at the end of the treatment was significantly higher in the trees exposed to SAR than in those exposed to TW. When the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causal agent of pine wilt disease, was inoculated onto the Japanese black pines that had been exposed to SAR repeatedly for 1 year, the period to death was shortened. Japanese red pines that had been exposed to SAR for 2 years, however, did not show any development of symptoms after the nematode inoculation, suggesting that acid rain only affects pine wilt disease slightly, if at all. 相似文献
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防治松萎蔫病的新策略及林间防效初报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在松萎蔫病是由松材线虫与其携带的致病细菌诱导的一种复合侵染病害的新学说的指导下,根据松萎蔫病在疫区病树呈聚集分布,提出了防治松萎蔫病的新策略,即利用我们研究开发防治松萎蔫病的新药剂α-三噻吩与杀细菌剂恶喹酸对在以病死树中心周围半径50 m的范围内所有寄主树进行注干处理。经过2010—2011年在面积近20 hm2的处理黑松林地的防治试验,至2011年12月已经取得了良好的防效。处理林地中没有再发生病死树,对照区内却有24株病死树。防治仍在继续,新结果将继续报道。 相似文献
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Pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematodes is a deadly disease of the genus Pinus requiring strong quarantine measures.Since its discovery,it has been widely distributed throughout the world.China is one of the countries with a severe rate of infections due to its abundant pine resources.In this study,nematode-trapping fungi were collected from pine trees in Ninghai City,Zhejiang Province,which is the key area of pine wilt control in February,May,September,October and November.The results s... 相似文献