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1.
Vitamin D3 ranging in total amount from 10(5) iu (2.5 mg) to 9 X 10(5) iu (22.5 mg) was given intramuscularly either as a single injection or in three aliquots at three-weekly intervals to housed nonpregnant ewes on a vitamin D deficient diet. The effects on plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3), the major metabolite of vitamin D, were monitored. The increase in plasma 25-OHD3 showed a large variation between animals and was related to, but not proportional to, the dose. None of the treatments produced 25-OHD3 concentrations greater than those in grazing sheep in summer. Repeated dosing provided for more efficient use of the injected vitamin D3. 相似文献
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Plasma and milk concentrations of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 following intravenous injection of vitamin D3 or 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. 下载免费PDF全文
Plasma levels of vitamin D3 or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in ewes after administration of a single massive intravenous dose of vitamin D3 (2 X 10(6) IU) or 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (5 mg) were determined at zero, one, two, three, five, ten and 20 days postinjection. In six ewes injected with vitamin D3 conversion of vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 resulted in a six-fold increase in the plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level within one day. Elevated levels were maintained until day 10 but by day 20 a substantial decline in the plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level had occurred. Peak levels of vitamin D3 were reached one day after injection and then continuously declined until day 20. Administration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 increased plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 to fivefold higher levels than those observed when vitamin D3 was injected, with approximately threefold higher levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 maintained for five days. On day 10 and day 20 ewes which were injected with 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 still maintained plasma levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 which were twice as high as those of ewes injected with vitamin D3. In six ewes injected with vitamin D3, a sharp increase in vitamin D3 level in milk occurred within one day and more than a tenfold elevation of milk vitamin D3 concentrations were maintained for ten days. By 20 days the milk vitamin D3 level had returned to preinjection levels. These observations suggest that indirect supplementation of the suckling ruminant with vitamin D3 may be achieved through maternal injection and subsequent mammary transfer. 相似文献
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Wertz AE Knight TJ Trenkle A Sonon R Horst RL Huff-Lonergan EJ Beitz DC 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(5):1410-1418
The objective of this trial was to determine if a single oral bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D3) given at various times before slaughter would enhance the tenderness of beef loin steaks. One hundred eight crossbred steers were allotted to 18 pens so that the mean weight of the cattle in each pen was similar. Treatments (25-OH D3 dose [62.5 or 125 mg]) and time of administration of the single oral bolus (4, 7, 21, or 35 d before slaughter) were assigned randomly to each pen of steers. Serial plasma samples were collected at each bolus administration time for control animals. For steers assigned to a treatment group, a baseline blood sample was collected before bolus administration and at each subsequent administration when other treatment groups received their bolus. Plasma samples were assayed for 25-OH D3 and calcium concentrations. Troponin-T degradation and Warner-Bratzler shear force were measured as indicators of tenderness for loin steaks collected at slaughter and aged for 6 or 14 d postmortem. Muscle samples, collected concurrently, were assayed for 25-OH D3 and calcium concentrations. A single oral bolus of 25-OH D3 was sufficient to increase plasma 25-OH D3 concentrations (P < 0.001) through slaughter, regardless of dose or time of bolus administration. The single oral bolus of 25-OH D3, however, did not increase plasma calcium concentrations (P > 0.05). As a result, neither troponin-T degradation nor Warner-Bratzler shear force was improved (P > 0.05) by treatment. Muscle 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased (P > 0.001) by treatment with 25-OH D3. Although sustained plasma 25-OH D3 concentrations did not increase plasma or muscle calcium at slaughter nor influence tenderness, the use of 25-OH D3 as a nutritional means of improving beef tenderness is in its infancy, and more research to delineate an effective dose and the potential interaction of seasonal exposure to ultraviolet light is warranted. 相似文献
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Carnagey KM Huff-Lonergan EJ Trenkle A Wertz-Lutz AE Horst RL Beitz DC 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(7):1649-1657
The objective of this trial was to determine whether a single bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)), vitamin E, or a combination of the 2 would improve the tenderness of steaks from the LM of beef heifers. Forty-eight Angus crossbred heifers were allotted randomly to 8 pens. Six heifers were in each pen, and there were 2 pens per treatment. The 4 treatments included control (no 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E); 25-OH D(3) (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter); vitamin E (1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter); or combination (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter and 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter). Blood samples were obtained on the day that heifers were allotted to treatments, on the day 25-OH D(3) was administered, and on the day before slaughter. Plasma calcium concentration was increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.007). In LM, calcium concentration tended to increase (P = 0.10) when 25-OH D(3) was administered alone but not when 25-OH D(3) was administered with vitamin E. Concentrations of 25-OH D(3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in plasma were increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.001). Steaks from heifers treated with 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E, but not both, tended to have lower Warner-Bratzler shear force than steaks in the control group at 14 d postmortem (P = 0.08). Postmortem protein degradation as measured by Western blot of the 30-kDa degradation product of troponin-T was increased with all treatments after 3 d postmortem (P = 0.07), but not at 7 or 14 d postmortem. Unexpectedly, the use of 500 mg of 25-OH D(3) fed as an oral bolus 7 d before slaughter or 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily for 104 d before slaughter alone, but not in combination, effectively decreased Warner-Bratzler shear force. 相似文献
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《动物营养(英文)》2021,7(3):728-736
Dietary supplementation with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), as an alternative source of vitamin D, is becoming increasingly popular due to its commercialization and more efficient absorbability. The addition of 25OHD3 rather than its precursor vitamin D3 can circumvent the 25-hydroxylation reaction in the liver, indicating that supplementation of 25OHD3 can rapidly improve the circulating vitamin D status of animals. Emerging experiments have reported that maternal 25OHD3 supplementation could increase sow performances and birth outcomes and promote circulating vitamin D status of sows and their offspring. Increased milk fat content was observed in many experiments; however, others demonstrated that adding 25OHD3 to lactating sow diets increased the contents of milk protein and lactose. Although an inconsistency between the results of different experiments exists, these studies suggested that maternal 25OHD3 supplementation could alter milk composition via its effects on the mammary gland. Previous studies have demonstrated that adding 25OHD3 to sow diets could improve the mRNA expressions of insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) in the mammary gland cells from milk and increase the mRNA expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the mammary gland tissue. Maternal 25OHD3 supplementation promotes skeletal muscle development of piglets before and after parturition, and improves bone properties including bone density and bone breaking force in lactating sows and their piglets. Interestingly, 25OHD3 supplementation in sow diets could improve neonatal bone development via regulation of milk fatty acid composition related to bone metabolism and mineralization. In this review, we also discuss the effects of adding 25OHD3 to sow diets on the gut bacterial metabolites of suckling piglets, and propose that butyrate production may be associated with bone health. Therefore, to better understand the nutritional functions of maternal 25OHD3 supplementation, this paper reviews advances in the studies of 25OHD3 for sow nutrition and provides references for practical application. 相似文献
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Dittmer KE Howe L Thompson KG Stowell KM Blair HT Cockrem JF 《Research in veterinary science》2011,91(3):362-369
A likely inherited disease with gross and microscopic features of rickets has been recognised in Corriedale sheep in New Zealand, and a defect in end-organ responsiveness to vitamin D has been proposed as a likely mechanism. The aim of the present study was to characterize the mode of inheritance and determine the disease mechanism. Breeding trials showed that the mode of inheritance was autosomal recessive. Serum chemistry testing using different methodology and studies in cultured skin fibroblasts did not support our previous hypothesis of a defect in end-organ responsiveness. The studies revealed normal serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations, normal vitamin D receptor function, and the presence of 24-hydroxylase mRNA in cells from affected sheep, even without induction by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. In addition, osteocalcin mRNA expression was similar in both affected and control sheep. It was concluded that increased expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-24-hydroxylase, the enzyme that breaks down vitamin D, may be involved in the pathogenesis of inherited rickets in Corriedale sheep, but its role requires further clarification. 相似文献
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Jefferies D Farquharson C Thomson J Smith W Seawright E McCormack H Whitehead C 《Veterinary research》2002,33(4):383-396
Osteochondrosis/osteoarthrosis (OC/OA) are common terms for various joint pathologies that occur in pigs. Pathologies that may contribute to these disorders have been described, but the primary cause(s) remain unknown. We hypothesised that as OC has some similarities to dyschondroplasia, which involves a failure of growth plate chondrocytes to fully differentiate and hypertrophy, treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-D) might reduce the incidence and/or severity of lesions in pigs, as it does in chickens with dyschondroplasia. Control pigs were fed a commercial diet ad libitum. In the treated group this diet was supplemented with 25-D at 0.1 mg/kg. Ten pigs from each of the control and treated groups were sampled at 7, 12, 16 and 21 weeks. Treatment with 25-D had no effect on the incidence or severity of OC/OA lesions. Cartilage dry weight, total collagen content and proteoglycan content, and plasma levels oftotal calcium, inorganic phosphorous, vitamin C, insuline-like growth factor-I, parathyroid hormone and tumour necrosis factor alpha were unaffected by treatment. In addition, none of these parameters were correlated with the incidence or severity of OC/OA lesions. The mRNA expression levels of 21 out of 23 genes assayed by RT-PCR were unaltered in articular cartilage from OA lesion samples as compared to normal articular cartilage. However, collagen type II was reduced and collagen type X increased in OA lesion and near lesion samples. These results suggest that OA in pigs may share some features of osteoarthritis in other mammalian species. 相似文献
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Acierno MJ Mitchell MA Zachariah TT Roundtree MK Kirchgessner MS Sanchez-Migallon Guzman D 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(2):294-297
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether corn snakes exposed to UVB radiation have increased plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations, compared with control snakes. ANIMALS: 12 corn snakes (Elaphe guttata). PROCEDURES: After an acclimation period in individual enclosures, a blood sample was collected from each snake for assessment of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration. Six snakes were provided with no supplemental lighting, and 6 snakes were exposed to light from 2 full-spectrum coil bulbs. By use of a radiometer-photometer, the UVA and UVB radiation generated by the bulbs were measured in each light-treated enclosure at 3 positions at the basking surface and at 2.54 cm (1 inch) below each bulb surface; the arithmetic mean values for the 3 positions at the basking surface and each individual bulb surface were calculated immediately after the start of the study and at weekly intervals thereafter. At the end of the study (day 28), another blood sample was collected from each snake to determine plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in snakes that were provided with supplemental lighting (196 +/- 16.73 nmol/L) differed significantly from the value in control snakes (57.17 +/- 15.28 nmol/L). Mean exposure to UVA or UVB did not alter during the 4-week study period, although the amount of UVA recorded near the bulb surfaces did change significantly. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings have provided important insight into the appropriate UV radiation requirements for corn snakes. Further investigation will be needed before exact husbandry requirements can be determined. 相似文献
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M Sturén 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1985,26(2):179-190
The effect of intramuscular administration of vitamin D3 (1×106 IU D3/100 kg bodyweight) to 3 different dairy breeds on the serum levels of vitamin D3, 25-OH-D2, 25-OH-D3, Ca, inorganic P and Mg was studied.The vitamin metabolites and the electrolytes were analysed on 9 occasions during a 36-day period. Vitamin D3 was analysed on 6 occasions during the same period. No significant breed differences were observed except for 25-OH-D3 (P ≤ 0.05). The D3 level rose in 1 day from < 2 ng/ml to 906 ng/ml and decreased to below 50 % of the peak level after 6 days. At the end of the experiment (day 36) vitamin D3 was < 2 ng/ml. 25-OH-D3 rose from < 2 ng/ml to 106 ng/ml in 6 days and stayed at this level during the whole experiment. 25-OH-D2 decreased from 16 ng/ml to 5 ng/ml during the observation period. 相似文献
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Carnagey KM Huff-Lonergan EJ Lonergan SM Trenkle A Horst RL Beitz DC 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(7):1637-1648
The objective of this trial was to determine how 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)) supplementation, altering supplemental dietary calcium, or their combination influence postmortem biochemical and tenderness changes in muscles from the round of mature cows. Twenty-seven Angus cows (3 to 7 yr old) were allotted randomly to 9 pens with 3 cows per pen. Treatments were arranged in a 3 x 3 factorial design with 3 dosages of 25-OH D(3) (0, 250, or 500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a 1-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter) and 3 percentages of supplemental limestone (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%) replenished in the diet for 3 d before slaughter and after a 2-wk limestone withdrawal. Plasma samples were obtained during the feeding period. Upon slaughter, adductor, gracilus, pectineus, sartorius, semimembranosus, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis muscles were obtained and aged for 1, 3, or 7 d. Calcium concentrations were increased in plasma when 250 or 500 mg of 25-OH D(3) were administered (P = 0.05). Calcium concentrations in muscle increased (P = 0.001) when 500 mg of 25-OH D(3) were administered. Concentrations of 25-OH D(3) in meat and in plasma and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2) D(3)] in plasma were increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered (P = 0.05). The percentage of limestone replenished in the diet had no effect on 25-OH D(3) or 1,25-(OH)(2) D(3) in meat or in plasma. Calpastatin activity was affected by treatments only in the gracilus and vastus intermedius muscles (P = 0.05). Among all muscles and aging periods, calpastatin activity and intensity of troponin-T degradation product were related inversely. Results indicate that supplemental 25-OH D(3) has some influence on muscle characteristics known to improve tenderness, but improved tenderness was not observed. 相似文献
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试验选用1日龄正大艾维茵肉鸡480只,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理6个重复,每个重复20只鸡(公母各半)。参照肉鸡饲养标准,按照1~3周龄、4~5周龄和6周龄阶段配置基础饲粮。处理1饲喂基础日粮(对照组),处理2在基础日粮的基础上添加69mg/t的25-羟基维生素D_3,处理3在基础日粮的基础上添加750U/kg的复合酶制剂,处理4在基础日粮的基础上同时添加69mg/t的25-羟基维生素D_3和750U/kg的复合酶制剂。试验结果表明:①单独添加复合酶制剂,降低了4~5周龄时的日采食量和6周龄时的料重比(P>0.05);在其他方面与对照组相比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。②单独添加25-羟基维生素D_3,在生产性能、屠宰指标方面虽然有部分高于对照组,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。③同时添加69mg/t的25-羟基维生素D_3和750U/kg的复合酶制剂,生产性能方面与对照组相比差异均不显著,但表现出提高的趋势(P>0.05);屠宰性能方面,使屠宰率和腹脂率显著降低(P<0.05),但使全净膛率显著提高(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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In this study, we characterized the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D3) and manipulated dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on the performance, urine pH, serum constituents, carcass traits, tissue residual vitamin D and its metabolites, beef tenderness, and mRNA and protein concentrations of Ca-dependent proteinases in LM using 24 cull native Korean cows. The cows were divided into 3 groups of 8: control, 25-OH D3 supplemented (25-OH D3), and manipulated DCAD plus 25-OH D3 supplemented (DCAD+25-OH D3). Cows receiving 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3 were dosed with 125 mg of 25-OH D3 6 d before slaughter. The manipulated DCAD (-10 mEq/100 g of DM) diet was fed from 20 to 6 d (14 d) before slaughter. The DCAD+25-OH D3 treatment decreased urine pH and increased serum Ca concentrations. Although the vitamin D concentrations in LM, liver, and kidney were not affected by 25-OH D3 or DCAD+25-OH D3, muscle tissue 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by both regimens. Serum 25-OH D3 concentrations were increased by 25-OH D3 supplementation, and the increase was even greater for DCAD+25-OH D3. The same pattern was observed for serum 1,25- (OH)2 D3. However, the LM concentration of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 was less for DCAD+25-OH D3 than for control. Although Ca concentrations of LM increased numerically in response to 25-OH D3 supplementation, no statistical differences in Warner-Bratzler shear force or sensory traits of LM were detected. The LM of cows receiving 25-OH D3 with or without manipulated DCAD had greater concentrations of mu-calpain and m-calpain mRNA, whereas the reverse was observed for calpastatin mRNA. Expression of mu-calpain protein was increased relative to control by DCAD+25-OH D3. The amount of 25-OH D3 and manipulated DCAD administered to cull native Korean cows was insufficient to improve tenderness of beef by increasing muscle Ca concentration. However, DCAD+25-OH D3 induced greater expressions of mu-calpain protein as well as mRNA. 相似文献
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为研究不同剂量25羟基维生素D3[25(OH)VD3]对断奶前犊牛血液水平、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响,选取18 头健康状况良好的新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分成3 组,每组6 头进行为期56 天的饲养试验。分为对照组[不添加25(OH)VD3]、低剂量组[25(OH)VD3添加量6 000 IU/头·天]和高剂量组[25(OH)VD3添加量12 000 IU/头·天]。结果表明,与对照组相比,随着25(OH)VD3添加剂量增加,血浆生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力以及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著增加(P<0.05),而丙二醛含量随剂量增加而存在降低趋势(P=0.079)。与对照组和低剂量组相比,高剂量组血浆免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量有增加趋势(P=0.059)。综上所述,断奶前犊牛饲喂高剂量25(OH)VD3有利于促进体内生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-1分泌,可提高犊牛抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能。 相似文献
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