荔枝体胚发生及成苗研究

以荔枝不同器官为外植体诱导出愈伤组织，在中２，４－Ｄ，１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋５％蔗糖的ＭＳ培养基上 细胚胚性愈伤组织系；胚性愈伤组织高浓度２，４－Ｄ（５－８ｍｇ／Ｌ）在黑暗中激发诱导培养后，转移到去除２，４－Ｄ，含低浓度ＮＡＡ和ＩＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上，体胚发育成熟。     

生长调节剂对毛白杨叶愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响

利用ＮＡＡ，２，４－Ｄ，ＩＡＡ，ＩＢＡ，６－ＢＡ５种生长调节剂的不同浓度和不同组合配比，完成了对毛白杨叶愈伤组织诱导和守速植株的再生。在６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ分别和ＮＡＡ０．２－２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＩＡＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ共同作用下，叶愈伤组织诱导率均能达到１００％时，愈伤组织在６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ‘Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ的作用下芽诱导率为８５％，而适当浓度的ＮＡＡ和ＩＢＡ有促进     

陆地棉胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

以陆地棉“泗棉３号”、“北元２０３１”、“鲁９５５４”为材料进行全固体体细胞培养，获得了胚性愈伤组织和再生植株。起始愈伤组织阶段，用含２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ和２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基效果较好；进入胚性愈伤组织诱导阶段，在含ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上胚性愈伤组织诱导频率较高。     

小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究

以小麦成熟胚为外植体，在ＭＳ＋２．４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上，愈伤组织诱导率为８３．１％；不同品种间诱导率有较大的差异，但愈伤组织的质量与诱导率的高低无关，在ＭＳ＋ＫＴ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上，分化率可达４４．４％。     

奈乙酸,2,4—D对马铃著愈伤组织细胞染色体倍性的影响

以３种不同基因型的马铃薯试管苗茎段做材料，用奈乙酸（ＮＡＡ）和２，４－Ｄ进行愈伤组织的诱导并观察染色体的变异情况。试验表明：在同一浓度下２，４－Ｄ诱导愈伤组织的能力优于ＮＡＡ；具有愈伤组织的生长过程中，２，４－Ｄ导致导致细胞染色体加倍的能力也明显强于ＮＡＡ；随２，４－Ｄ和ＮＡＡ浓度的增高，细胞染色体的加倍率明显提高，且细胞染色体的混倍观察也逐渐增高。不同的激素及不同激素浓度对愈伤组织的诱导率和细胞     

澳洲坚果的组织培养研究

将澳洲坚果的优良品种ＨＡＥＳ８００的茎段于培养基（ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＤ１００ｍＬ／Ｌ）中培养,产生了白色愈伤组织和畸胚,将这些愈伤组织和畸胚接种到培养基（ＭＳ＋ＢＳ１～７ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１～０．５ｍｇ／ＬＡＣ０．２％）上,愈伤组织分化出畸胚,畸胚也以出芽方式增殖,并分化出丛芽。将切下,于培养基（１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＣ０．２％＋Ｓｕｃｒｏｓｅ２％）中诱根６     

幼胚和花药培养诱导荔枝胚性愈伤组织

以福建荔枝主栽品种元红的幼胚为外植体，优化了离体培养诱导胚性愈伤组织（ＥＣ）的培养基。对ＥＣ的诱导，较高质量浓度的蔗糖（５０ｇ·Ｌ＾－１）和２，４－Ｄ（２￣４ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１）优于较低质量浓度的蔗糖（３０ｇ·Ｌ＾－１）和２，４－Ｄ（０．５￣１．０ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１）。ＢＡ和活性炭（ＡＣ）对ＥＣ的诱导有抑制作用。适当的硫代硫酸银（ＳＴＳ）（２９．４μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１）可以抵消ＢＡ的抑制作用。在ＭＳ附加质量     

甘蓝型油菜原生质体培养和植株再生

从甘蓝型油菜试管苗下胚轴和幼叶分离的原生质体，在含２．４－Ｄ０．８ｍｇ／１，ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／１，６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／１的改良ＢＧ培养基中浅层液体和固体平板培养６天，分裂细胞为８％－２０％，至１５天形成３２细胞的细胞团。愈伤组织在含ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／１，ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／１，６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／１的ＭＳ分化培养基上培养基上培养３－４周，产生不定芽，并在附加ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／１，６－ＢＡ０．２ｍ...     

黄花菜无性系快速繁殖技术研究

用黄花菜心叶、花被筒、花薹、花丝等外植体在不同培养基上培养，结果表明：花薹外植体的愈伤组织诱导率最高，为５１．３％；诱导愈伤组织的培养基以ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２ｍｇ．Ｌ（－１）最好；再生植株以ＭＳ＋６ＢＡ１ｍｇ．Ｌ（－１）＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ．Ｌ（－１）为芽分化培养基、ＭＳ＋ＡＢＴ２ｍｇ．Ｌ（－１）为根分化培养基的效果最佳。快速繁殖技术取材广，不伤母根，繁殖系数高，是加速黄花菜种苗繁育的有效途径。     

三樱椒子叶愈伤组织的诱导及分化

对日本枥木三樱椒子叶愈伤组织的诱导与分化进行了系统的研究。结果表明：（１）ＮＡＡ（萘乙酸）０．１～２ｍｇ／Ｌ均能促进子叶愈伤组织的诱导及根的分化；（２）ＢＡ（６－苄基腺嘌呤）０．１～２ｍｇ／Ｌ对子叶愈伤组织的诱导及根分化均具有抑制作用，且在高浓度（２ｍｇ／Ｌ）时能抑制ＮＡＡ作用的发挥；（３）ＫＴ（激动素）２ｍｇ／Ｌ能抑制愈伤组织分化根，但ＫＴ的抑制作用比ＢＡ弱；（４）ＰＰ３３３（多效唑）０．０１ｍ     

不同植物生长调节剂、碳源对黄芩细胞生长及次生代谢产物的影响

本文着重研究了不同植物生长调节剂和碳源对黄芩愈伤组织生长及黄芩素、黄芩苷合成的影响。结果表明．适宜浓度的IAA、NAA、6-BA、2,4-D和蔗糖、葡糖糖、麦芽糖均促进了黄芩细胞的生长。4种植物生长调节剂中IAA、NAA较显著地促进了黄芩苷、黄芩素含量的提高。碳源中仅有40g·L^-1蔗糖的添加显著提高了愈伤组织中黄芩苷含量。3种碳源对促进黄芩素含量提高的影响顺序依次是：蔗糖〉葡糖糖〉麦芽糖。若仅以黄芩苷和黄芩素含量为单独评价指标,则分别选用0．5mg·L^-1·6-BA或1．0mg·L^-1 IAA、0．2mg·L^-1或3．0mg·L^-1NAA较合适;若综合考虑黄芩愈伤组织生长、黄芩苷和黄芩素含量,则3．0mg·L^-1 NAA最为合适．此时愈伤组织干重增殖倍数为4．98,黄芩苷产量为4．81g·L^-1,黄芩素产量为2．72g·L^-1。     

培养基及花蕾大小对黄瓜花药愈伤组织诱导的影响

以秋唐一号黄瓜为试验材料,比较了MS（MS＋2,4-D 1.0 mg/L＋BA1.0 mg/L＋IAA0.5 mg/L＋蔗糖50 g/L＋琼脂7 g/L）和B5（B5＋2,4-D 1.0 mg/L＋BA1.0 mg/L＋IAA0.5 mg/L＋蔗糖50 g/L＋琼脂7 g/L）两种培养基,以及不同大小花蕾对花药愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,在MS培养基上,愈伤组织生长较快,成活率较高（76.2%）;在B5培养基上,愈伤组织生长较慢,成活率较低（49.6%）。经细胞学显微观察,当花蕾长度为0.9~1.5 cm,花药处于单核中后期时容易诱导产生愈伤组织。     

黑芝麻愈伤组织的诱导及分化的初步研究

以黑芝麻(Sesamum indicum DC)成熟种子无菌苗的子叶、子叶节、下胚轴作为外植体,选用MS基本培养基,并设置4种蔗糖浓度作愈伤组织诱导培养基,以2,4-D、6-BA、IAA、KT组成16种生长调节剂浓度配伍的分化培养基,对愈伤组织的形成及分化进行了研究.结果表明,蔗糖浓度30 g/L时对子叶、子叶节愈伤组织诱导较为有利,蔗糖浓度40 g/L时对下胚轴愈伤组织诱导较为有利,分化培养基为MS 6-BA 2.0 mg/L IAA 1.5 mg/L时,子叶愈伤组织的分化率达30.0%,其效果较好.     

Effects of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid and Light on Growth of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv.Daxueju) Callus

This study was conducted to determine effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and light on growth of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv.Daxueju) callus.Callus was induced from both petiole and leaf explants of gerbera on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3％ sucrose and various concentrations of 2,4-D and placed under light and dark.Callus induction percentage,callus size and callus fresh and dry weights were efficiently higher when using petiole as explant.MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D showed the highest callus induction percentage of 96.70％.Callus induced under light had larger weight mass.It was indicated that 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and light could promote growth of gerbera callus from petiole explant.     

Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid and Light on Growth of Gerbera(Gerbera jamesonii cv.Daxueju) Callus

This study was conducted to determine effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid(2,4-D) and light on growth of gerbera(Gerbera jamesonii cv. Daxueju) callus. Callus was induced from both petiole and leaf explants of gerbera on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and various concentrations of 2,4-D and placed under light and dark. Callus induction percentage, callus size and callus fresh and dry weights were efficiently higher when using petiole as explant. MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D showed the highest callus induction percentage of 96.70%. Callus induced under light had larger weight mass. It was indicated that 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and light could promote growth of gerbera callus from petiole explant.     

外源激素对丹参愈伤组织诱导和有效成分含量的影响

以丹参(S a lv ia m iltiorrh iza)无菌苗的叶为外植体,接种于附加2,4-D、NAA、6-BA及其组合的M S固体培养基上,研究了外源激素对愈伤组织的诱导及有效成分含量的影响。结果表明:单独使用3种外源激素在一定浓度范围内均能诱导外植体产生愈伤组织;2,4-D对丹参愈伤组织的生长有促进作用,但当2,4-D的浓度在4 m g/L以上时,对愈伤组织的生长有抑制作用;配合使用外源生长素和细胞分裂素,能获得出愈率高、生长快、质量好的愈伤组织;外源激素的适宜组合为2,4-D 2.0 m g/L 6-BA 1.0 m g/L;愈伤组织中丹酚酸B的含量随培养时间的延长呈下降趋势。     

Production of Embryogenic Callus and Plant Regeneration from Elite Guizhou Waxy Maize Inbred Lines

Immature embryos from three elite Guizhou waxy maize inbred lines (W21019, B7, and QCL5036) were evaluated for theirability of forming callus and regeneration into plants. Immature embryos harvested at different physiological stages were used as explants to initiate callus on N6 basal medium with 0-3.5 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). The concentration of 2,4-D, physiological age of immature embryos and genotype had a significant effect (P＜0.05) on the percentage of embryogenic callus formed. The optimum 2,4-D concentration for the initiation of embryogenic callus was varied among the waxy maize genotypes from 2.0 mg L-1 (B7 and QCL5036) to 3.0 mg L-1 (W21019). The shoots were generated from embryogenic callus which were transferred into the regeneration medium supplemented with 0-2.5 mg L-1of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). 6-BA in the medium significantly promoted the regeneration of embryogenic callus.Embryogenic size was also an important factor that affected regeneration capacity. 0.6-0.7 cm was proved to be the best size for regeneration from embryogenic callus and the mean number of shoots per primary callus in all genotypes achieved the highest number. The ability of the plant regeneration was also affected by genotype. W21019 had the highest number of shoots formed per primary embryogenie callus. With the optimum condition, the highest mean number of shoots per primary callus was up to 12.13, 5.73, and 3.33 in line W21019, B7, and QCL5036, respectively. The successful regeneration of the two inbred lines provides a basis for development of genetic transformation to improve priority traits such as enhanced insects and drought tolerance.     

药用植物草麻黄细胞的悬浮培养

[目的]对草麻黄的子叶诱导出的愈伤组织,进行悬浮培养。[方法]采用组织培养的方法进行了愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织继代和悬浮培养研究。[结果]MS+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+1.0 mg/L 6-BA为诱导子叶形成愈伤组织的理想培养基;MS+1.5 mg/L 2,4-D+1.5 mg/L6-BA是愈伤组织的适宜继代培养基;2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+300 mg/L水解酪蛋白(CH)是愈伤组织悬浮培养的适宜培养基,愈伤组织干重增加量为0.80 g。[结论]初步选择出草麻黄愈伤组织细胞的悬浮培养条件,为麻黄细胞扩大培养及有效成分提取奠定基础。     

重瓣铁线莲愈伤组织诱导研究

[目的]为运用现代生物技术开发利用重瓣铁线莲提供参考。[方法]以重瓣铁线莲的茎段为外植体,在MS基本培养基中添加0.2mg/L IAA,0.5、1.0、1.52、.0 mg/L的6-BA和0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.81、.0 mg/L的2,4-D,观察重瓣铁线莲愈伤组织的诱导情况,统计诱导率。[结果]各处理诱导出的愈伤组织均为致密型愈伤组织,很少进行分裂分化,故在增殖培养中需提高植物生长物质的浓度。培养基MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L 2,4-D+0.2 mg/L IAA的诱导效果最好,不仅形成的愈伤组织量多,而且诱导率高达90.0%。在重瓣铁线莲愈伤组织诱导中,植物生长物质6-BA、2,4-DI、AA的适宜比例为5∶4∶1。[结论]重瓣铁线莲茎段愈伤组织适宜的诱导培养基为:MS+1.0mg/L 6-BA+0.8 mg/L 2,4-D+0.2 mg/L IAA。     

屋顶长生花的离体培养

捅要：为建立屋顶长生花快速繁殖体系,以希腊引种的屋顶长生花肉质叶为外植体,通过组织培养,对影响其愈伤组织诱导、玻璃化苗现象及根、芽分化的几个主要因素进行了研究．结果表明,不同种类激素组合对其愈伤组织形成、芽分化以及根的形成有不同的影响．以MS 2,4-D2．0mg／L 6．BA2．0mg／L为最适诱导愈伤组织培养基;以MS 6-BA2．0mg／L NAA0．2mg／L GA30．4mg／L为最适分化培养基;用于继代增殖的培养基,6-BA的质量浓度为0．3～4mg／L;生根以I／2MS NAA0．2mg／L 1AA1．0mg／L 0．3％活性炭为宜．采用增加光照度、降低培养温度、增加培养基中蔗糖和琼脂质量分数以及加入青霉素等措施能较有效地防止玻璃化苗现象．