猪圆环病毒2型辽宁分离株基因序列分析

猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）是新近发现的一种圆环病毒,可导致断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征（PMWS）的发生。1991年,加拿大首次报道该病发生。目前,该病已呈现出世界性蔓延的趋势。     

猪圆环病毒2型毒株的分离鉴定

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)可引起断奶后仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)、猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)、繁殖障碍等相关疾病[1],其中以PMWS最为严重.该病主要侵害6～12周龄仔猪,引起渐进性消瘦、呼吸困难、腹泻和黄疸等,给世界养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失.     

猪圆环病毒2型与猪瘟混合感染的诊疗报告

<正>猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)是近年来新发生的引起猪免疫抑制性疾病的病毒,主要引起断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)。临床上多以断乳仔猪呼吸急促或困难、贫血、腹泻、间质性肺炎、淋巴结肿大及进行性消瘦等为主要特征,并容易与其他疾病混     

浙江省规模养猪场圆环病毒Ⅱ型感染的病原调查

断乳仔猪多系统衰弱综合征(Postweaning multisystemicwastingsyndrome,PMWS)主要是由猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型 (PorcinecircovirustypeⅡ,PCVⅡ )引起的一种新的猪传染病 ,主要临床症状为断奶仔猪消瘦、呼吸急促、腹泻和黄疸等 ,剖检可见淋巴结显著肿大和水肿 [1]。我国自2000年报道和明确猪群中存在PCVⅡ感染的血清学证据以来 [2],由PCVⅡ感染引起的PMWS发病猪群越来越多 [3 ,4]。而浙江省自2001年下半年部分地区猪场暴发和流行猪“无名高热”以来 ,许多规模猪场断奶仔猪也陆续发生类似PMWS病例 ,为进一步明确PCVⅡ感染引起的PMWS在我…     

断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征的诊治

正1病情简述断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)是由猪圆环病毒(PCV)Ⅱ型引起的一种新传染病,临床症状以仔猪先天性震颤,断奶猪发育不良、咳嗽、消瘦和黄疸为特征。自1999年以来,在北京、河北某些猪场相继发现了疑似PMWS的病毒,对病原进行电镜观察、间接免疫荧光试验、PCR试验,鉴定为PCVⅡ型,从而确定这些猪场也存在PMWS。2病原(1)猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV-2)属于圆环病毒科圆环病     

猪圆环病毒2型对猪的免疫抑制机理

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)是圆环病毒科(Circoviridae)圆环病毒属的一员,分PCV1型和PCV2型,PCV1型不致病,PCV2型致病。猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type2,PCV2),目前认为是仔猪断奶多系统衰竭综合征(Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome,PMWS)的主要病原。PMWS以断奶仔猪的进行性消瘦、贫     

猪圆环病毒分子生物学研究进展

自1974年Tischer等首次发现猪圆环病毒(porcinecircovirus,PCV)以来,随着对PCV研究的深入,根据猪圆环病毒的致病性及基因组差异又可将其分为无致病性(或PK-15源性)的猪圆环病毒I型(PCV-1)和有致病性(PMWS源性)的猪圆环病毒II型(PCV-2)。PCV-1对猪无致病性,但能产生血清抗体,在猪群中普遍存在,接种2日龄与9日龄的猪无临床症状。PCV-2对猪有致病性,主要导致一种以断奶仔猪呼吸急促或困难、腹泻、贫血、明显的淋巴组织病变和进行性消瘦为特征的新的疾病,即仔猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合症(PMWS)。近期研究表明,PCV-2还能引起其他许多…     

猪圆环病毒感染

猪圆环病毒感染是由猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)引起的一种新传染病．主要特征为猪体质下降、消瘦、呼吸困难、咳喘、腹泻、贫血和黄疸等。国内于1991年报道了本病，现在全国各地均有发生与流行。目前已证实，猪圆环病毒与仔猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)、猪皮炎与肾病综合征(PDNS)、猪间质性肺炎(IP)、母猪繁殖障碍和传染性先天性震颤有关，给养猪业造成了严重损失。     

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征防治探讨

猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)是由猪2型圆环病毒(PCV-2)引起的一种造成断奶仔猪高死亡率的传染病。病猪的特征为逐步消瘦,皮肤苍白,呼吸急促,并继发感染其他疾病。该病现已在全国普遍发生,是造成养猪业经济损失的主要原因,应引起有关部门的研究和重视。1病原据国内外研究资料显示,PMWS的主要致病因子为猪圆环病毒2型,于1974年首次在猪肾传代细胞(PK-15)污染物中分离到PCV。1982年被命名为猪圆环病毒,为圆环病毒科圆环病毒属成员,单股环状DNA病毒,为已知的最小动物病毒之一。资料表明,PMWS可能是PCV-2与猪瘟、猪细小病毒、猪繁…     

猪II型圆环病毒四川分离株鉴定及其ORF2基因序列分析

猪圆环病毒（Porcinecircovirus,PCV）,属于圆环病毒科（Circoviridae）,圆环病毒属（Circovirus）,血清型为PCV—1和PCV－2。PCV—1首先由Tis2cher于1974年从PK-15猪肾传代细胞系中分离获得,PCV－2首先由Clark报道了是断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征（PMWS）的主要病原,     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …