再生聚丙烯与木刨花复合材料的密度和木塑比对复合材料主要性能的影响

研究了用异氰酸酯树脂为胶粘剂,木材刨花与回收聚丙烯为主要材料的复合材料的主要力学性能和尺寸稳定性。结果表明,密度对复合材料的性能有很大的影响,密度越大,力学强度越高,吸水厚度膨胀率基本越低;木塑配比对复合材料的力学性能有一定的影响,力学性能均随着配比的增加呈现不同程度的下降趋势;配比对吸水厚度膨胀率影响明显,配比越大,吸水厚度膨胀率越低,且密度大时,影响就越显著。     

短纤维增强型聚丙烯基复合材料的性能研究

利用短纤维代替粉状材料作为增强材料制备纤维增强型聚丙烯基复合材料,研究不同的木纤维/聚丙烯配比、密度以及不同浓度的碱处理对木纤维/聚丙烯复合材料物理力学性能的影响。结果表明,目标密度仅为0.55g/cm3时,且当木纤维与聚丙烯的配比为30︰70时,木纤维/聚丙烯复合材料表现出最佳的物理力学性能,但仍达不到标准要求。因此,综合产品成本和物理力学性能,选取了50︰50的原料配比,研究密度对该产品物理力学性能的影响。进一步研究表明,随着密度的增加,复合材料的力学强度得到不断提高,当密度为0.70g/cm3时,板材的力学性能就可以满足国标要求但吸水厚度膨胀率不能满足国标要求。当密度为0.83 g/cm3时,板材的力学性能满足国标要求,吸水厚度膨胀率有减小的趋势。为了进一步提高该复合材料的物理力学性能,利用浓度分别为1%,3%和5%的氢氧化钠溶液对木材纤维和工业大麻杆纤维进行处理,结果表明,经过碱处理后复合材料的吸水厚度膨胀率减小了,静曲强度和弹性模量仍可满足标准要求。     

淀粉/木粉复合材料的制备与性能研究

以淀粉和木粉为原料,甘油为增塑剂,通过挤出成型制备淀粉/木粉可生物降解复合材料,重点研究淀粉/木粉混合比例对复合材料性能的影响。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和热重分析（TGA）对复合材料进行表征,并对复合材料的力学性能和吸水性能进行测试。实验结果表明：木粉的加入破坏热塑性淀粉的连续性,使复合材料的结晶度增大。复合材料的拉伸强度、吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率随着木粉比例增大逐渐增大,断裂伸长率却逐渐降低。TGA测试结果表明,随着木粉加入比例增大,复合材料的热分解起始温度逐渐降低,但热分解的终止温度逐渐升高,淀粉和木粉两相依赖性逐渐减弱。     

密度对寿竹竹基纤维复合材料性能的影响

为开发竹材人造板新产品,利用4～5年生寿竹为原料,采用热压生产工艺制备竹基纤维复合材料,并分析复合材料密度对其物理和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着密度增加,复合材料厚度方向上的吸水膨胀率增加,宽度方向的吸水膨胀率下降,力学性能逐渐增加。     

水性聚丙烯酸酯乳液改性木粉/聚乳酸复合材料的吸水性

通过种子乳液聚合法合成了一种水性聚丙烯酸酯乳液,用于改性木粉。将改性的木粉与聚乳酸复合制备了木粉/聚乳酸复合材料,对复合材料的吸水性能进行了研究。结果表明,木粉经过改性后表面覆盖了一层致密的聚丙烯酸酯,能够有效降低木粉的亲水性。复合材料在经过改性之后吸水性和吸水厚度膨胀率均下降,说明聚丙烯酸酯乳液能够改善木粉和聚乳酸之间的界面相容性。本实验中,添加4%聚丙烯酸酯乳液的效果最优,其极限吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率结果为10.6%和12.5%。     

刨花板厚度及含水率对吸水厚度膨胀率的影响

通过对4种厚度规格、5种含水率的刨花板与其吸水厚度膨胀率的关系进行研究,结果表明:刨花板的厚度越大,含水率越高,其吸水厚度膨胀率越小,板厚对吸水厚度膨胀率的影响大于含水率;对吸水厚度膨胀率与厚度、含水率建立了显著的二元线性回归方程,经过检测拟合度较高.     

中密度纤维板吸水和吸湿特征及对力学性能影响的研究

研究脲醛胶中密度纤维板吸水和吸湿特征及对力学性能的影响，研究结果表明，水温、试件规格尺寸、试件浸泡在水中的时间，都对吸水特征有影响，中密度纤维板的吸水率和吸水厚度膨胀率之间存在着一定的线性关系；相对湿度的变化对中密度纤维板的平衡含水率和吸湿厚度膨胀率及力学性能有影响，相对湿度在６５％以上，其影响更为显著。     

稻秸/淀粉胶复合材料性能研究

为充分利用农作物废弃物,研究环境友好材料,通过热压成型方法制备稻秸/淀粉胶全降解复合材料。研究了预处理、胶黏剂、增塑剂和阻湿剂含量对复合材料内结合强度(IB)、弯曲强度(FS)、弯曲弹性模量(MOE)、冲击韧性(IR)、拉伸强度(TS)、拉伸模量(MOR)、含水率及2h吸水厚度膨胀率的影响,并观察了复合材料细观表面。结果表明:水热处理复合材料力学性能除IB外均较高;含胶量为10%时力学性能除MOR外均较高;1%增塑剂提高了IB、FS及TS,2%增塑剂提高了IS,增塑剂对MOE和MOR有负面影响;阻湿剂降低了复合材料力学性能。增塑剂、阻湿剂均能不同程度的增大复合材料MC。复合材料2h吸水厚度膨胀率大,防水性能差。复合材料基体和增强体两相界面结合存在明显缝隙、空洞及分层现象。     

密度对异氰酸酯胶高密度纤维板性能的影响

以桉木纤维和异氰酸酯胶为原料制备高密度纤维板,探索密度变化对高密度纤维板吸水厚度膨胀率和力学性能的影响。结果表明:高密度纤维板的主要力学性能随板材密度的增大而大幅度提高,而吸水厚度膨胀率则大幅度下降。异氰酸酯胶高密度纤维板的成功制备,对开发新型纤维板产品意义重大。     

刨花板吸水和吸湿特征及其对力学性能的影响

对刨花板的吸水性、吸湿性及其对力学性能的影响进行测定,结果表明,浸泡时间、试件大小和水的温度,对吸水特征均有明显影响,在吸水厚度膨胀率和吸水率之间,存在线性相关关系;相对湿度的变化,对刨花扳的吸湿厚度膨胀率和平衡含水率亦有明显影响。特别是相对湿度达到65%以上时,影响更为显著,并导致其静曲强度和平面抗拉强度显著降低。     

Properties of flat-pressed wood plastic composites as a function of particle size and mixing ratio

This paper presents the effects of particle size and mixing ratio on the properties including physical, mechanical, and decay resistance of wood plastic composites (WPCs). In addition, it also presents the effects of immersion temperatures on water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) of the WPCs. WPCs with a thickness of 6 mm were fabricated from Albizia richardiana King & Prain wood particles and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by the flat-press method. To prepare the WPCs, two different wood particle sizes (0.5–1.0 and 1.01–2.0 mm) were used along with four different mixing ratios (w/w). Subsequently, the physical properties include density, moisture content, WA, and TS, and mechanical properties include modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the produced WPCs was evaluated. Furthermore, decay resistance was evaluated by the weight loss percentage method. Moreover, the effects of immersion temperatures on WA and TS of WPCs after 24 h of immersion in water at three different temperatures, i.e., 25, 50, and 75 °C were investigated. Results showed that the wood particle size had impact on WPC’s density (only 6% decreased with the increase of particle size); however, the density decreased by 29% when the wood particle content increased from 40 to 70%. The WA and TS gradually increased with the increase of particle content and decrease of particle size. In addition, WA and TS increased proportionately with increasing immersion temperature from 25 to 75 °C. Furthermore, the highest MOE (2570 N/mm²) was found for the WPCs fabricated from large wood particles having the ration of 50:50 (wood particle:PET). For decay resistance, WPCs consisted of larger particles and higher PET content showed greater resistance against decay. Therefore, it is comprehensible that fabrication of the WPCs from 50% large particles and 50% PET is technically feasible and further improvement of WPC performance like enhancement of MOE and reduction of density using coupling agent and agricultural waste fibers, respectively, in the WPC formulation is recommended.     

MAPP改性木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的物理力学性能

木塑复合材料的界面相容性是决定其性能的关键因素,通过添加偶联剂的方法能够改善其界面相容性,从而提高其性能。通过测定毛白杨木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的物理力学性能来研究木粉含量和偶联剂添加量对木塑复合材料物理力学性能的影响,为进一步研究木塑复合材料的界面相容性提供理论依据。研究结果表明:随着木粉含量的增加,复合材料的物理力学性能下降,并且在高木粉含量阶段影响显著;高木粉含量复合材料的性能较差,添加MAPP能显著改善其物理力学性能。     

Preliminary study of the effects of EVA coupling agents on properties of wood-plastic composites

As a hot-melt adhesive, ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) has been used in many industrial applications. But studies of the application of EVA in wood-plastic composites (WPC) are relatively few, so we have investigated the proposition of whether EVA is a suitable coupling agent for WPC or not. The results show that EVA with 8% VA is not a suitable coupling agent, because it reduces the mechanical properties of WPC without any significant effect on its physical properties. With an increase in the amount of wood powder, the mechanical properties of WPC decrease and the ability of water absorption of WPC increases.     

半干法石膏纤维板工艺研究：Ⅰ.原料配比,密度等对板材性能的影响

本研究是建立在我国资源和工业技术基础之上,探讨利用木纤维以半干法制造石膏纤维板（ＧＦＢ）的生产工艺;提出了半干法石膏纤维板的工艺方案,并建立了密度、木膏比、水膏比与板材性能的数学模型。结果表明：密度（Ｄ）增加,板材力学性能显著提高,木膏比（Ｗ／Ｇ）、水膏比（Ｈ／Ｇ）有效强的交互影响。木膏比增大,板材反弹率和吸水厚度膨胀率（ＴＳ）增加,纤维形态,蒸煮工艺对板材静曲性能无显著影响,纤维形态对内结合强度     

Static bending and toughness of wood polymer composites (yellow birch and basswood)

Wood polymer composites (WPC) were made from basswood and yellow birch using six cell lumen type polymer formulations. The study was designed to get insight into the influence of wood density and polymer formulation on certain WPC mechanical properties. Small specimens were tested for toughness, stiffness, hardness and bending strength using standard ASTM methods. Results showed that stronger and stiffer polymers produce tougher and stronger WPC, but the effect is small. Thus, there is a wide range of polymer properties which produce useful WPC properties. Study of the fracture surfaces using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that WPC made with different polymers fractured differently and polymer containing a coupling agent bonded to the cell wall. However the cell wall bonding had no noticeable influence on WPC mechanical properties.     

纤维热塑性聚合物热压复合工艺的研究

通过聚乙烯、聚丙烯分别与木纤维复合制板工艺的研究,探讨加入助剂、改变聚乙烯、聚丙烯用量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:对纤维进行改性处理,可以明显改善木塑复合材料的力学性能;塑料越细且含量为30%时,复合材料基本可达到中密度板国标要求的力学性能指标。     

烟秆/木材刨花板的初步研究烟秆

初步探讨了实验室条件下烟秆/木材刨花板的生产工艺,研究了热压时间、施胶量、密度、木刨花加入量等因素对板材的静曲强度、内结合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率的影响.实验结果表明,烟秆/木材刨花板的静曲强度和吸水厚度膨胀率较纯烟秆刨花板有所提高,内结合强度相差不大.     

Impact of coupling agent on properties of wood-plastic composite

The impact of two coupling agents, maleic anhydride (coupling agent 1) and isocyanate (coupling agent 2) on the properties of wood-plastic composites (WPC) was studied. Wood-plastic composites were made with coupling agents 1 and 2 and properties were tested under the condition that the ratio of wood fiber to thermoplastic polymer was 7:3, target density was 0.7 g/cm³, press temperature was 175°C, press time was 8 min, and adding amount of coupling agent 2%. Results show that coupling agent 2 was superior to coupling agent 1 and had great effect on the physical and mechanical properties of WPC. When using the same coupling agent, the impact on their properties varied with different thermoplastic polymers. Translated from China Forest Products Industry, 2006, 33(4): 30–32 [译自: 林产工业]     

竹木复合单板层积材制备工艺

以浸渍酚醛树脂的杨木单板和竹帘为原料制备竹木复合单板层积材, 探讨制造工艺对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,竹木复合材料的MOE及MOR均达到或超过了日本JAS标准的相关规定,尺寸稳定性良好; 单板厚度、树脂浓度、压缩率对MOE和MOR有显著影响;组坏方式对MOR影响显著;而吸水厚度膨胀率的影响作用比较复杂.     

Preliminary study of viscoelastic properties of MAPP-modified wood flour/polypropylene composites

Viscoelastic properties of maleated polypropylene (MAPP)-modified wood flour/polypropylene composites (WPC) were investigated by both a compression stress relaxation method and dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA). Three wood to polymer ratios (40:60, 60:40, and 80:20) and five MAPP loading levels (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8%) were used to study their effects on the viscoelastic properties of MAPP-WPC. The results show that: 1) higher wood to polymer ratio corresponds to higher stress relaxation levels for unmodified WPC. The modification with MAPP has an obvious effect on the stress relaxation of MAPP-WPC at higher wood to polymer ratios (60:40 and 80:20), but almost no effect at the 40:60 wood to polymer ratio. The optimal MAPP loading level for the wood to polymer ratio of 60:40 appears at 1%; 2) the storage modulus reaches its maximum at a MAPP loading level of 1% for wood to polymer ratios of 40:60 and 60:40, while for the 80:20 wood to polymer ratio, a higher storage modulus is observed at higher MAPP loading levels, which is quite consistent with the stress relaxation results. The results suggested that a suitable loading level of MAPP has a positive effect on the viscoelastic properties of WPC at higher wood to polymer ratios. Excessive MAPP loading would have resulted in adverse effects.