共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - We show here that the disodium salt of 2-acetyl-5-chloro-4- hydroxycarbonylmethylthiocyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione (salt 2) inhibits tobacco mosaic virus... 相似文献
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《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2003,62(4):209-217
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway has been demonstrated as a key pathway in plant defense against pathogen attacks. With proteomics approaches, we specifically studied activation events downstream of a MAPK kinase, tMEK2, in tomato. Overexpression of a constitutively activated tomato MAPK kinase gene (tMEK2MUT) enhanced resistance of transgenic tomato lines to the virulent bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Pathogenesis-related genes, PR1b1, β-1,3-glucanase, and endochitinase were up-regulated by tMEK2MUT. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry analysis of total soluble leaf proteins indicated that β-1,3-glucanase and endochitinase are among the up-regulated proteins in these transgenic plants. Co-expression studies using a transient gene expression system have indicated that β-1,3-glucanase and endochitinase genes up-regulated by tMEK2MUT were down-regulated by different specific phosphatases through dephosphorylation of certain downstream signaling molecules. Our observations indicate that increased products of β-1,3-glucanase and endochitinase genes downstream of tMEK2 may play an important role in achieving disease resistance. 相似文献
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K. Ramachandra Kini N.S. Vasanthi H. Shekar Shetty 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(3):267-274
Differential resistance of pearl millet cultivars to downy mildew disease was correlated with the levels of -1,3-glucanase in their seeds. Higher activity of the enzyme in highly resistant cultivars and lower activity in the highly susceptible ones suggested the possible use of -1,3-glucanase as a biochemical marker for screening pearl millet cultivars for downy mildew disease. Inoculation of seedlings with the downy mildew pathogen Sclerospora graminicola resulted in increased enzyme levels in resistant cultivars. Mesocotyl and shoot regions of seedlings recorded higher levels of enzyme than the root. Isoelectric focusing revealed four basic isoforms with pI 9.6, 9.0, 8.9 and 8.2 and two acidic isoforms with pI 4.9 and 6.2 of -1,3-glucanase in pearl millet. The pI 9.6 isoform was a major isoform of the enzyme in the pearl millet seedlings with a probable developmental function. Isoforms pI 6.2 and pI 8.2 appeared to be involved in resistance and pI 4.9 isoform seemed to be involved in pathogenesis of pearl millet-downy mildew. 相似文献
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L. J. P. Kupers 《EPPO Bulletin》1976,6(2):119-127
In a long-term field experiment on rotational effects with winter wheat as the test crop, continuous cereal growing leads to a depression in yield. The depression in yield of these rotations persists even when the nitrogen fertilization is increased to relatively high levels and the sole occurring pathogen, in this case Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron, is kept in check by treatment with a fungicide. From the evidence obtained from the field experiment and additional information from an experiment in the glasshouse where the same rotations were involved, it is concluded that the observed depression in yield originates very early in the growing season. As a cause for this effect, the evidence points towards a lack of available nitrogen in late autumn and late winter. 相似文献
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Induction of Chitinase and β-1,3-Endoglucanase Proteins by UV Irradiation and Wounding in Grapefruit Peel Tissue 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Porat A. Lers S. Dori L. Cohen B. Weiss A. Daus CL. Wilson S. Droby 《Phytoparasitica》1999,27(3):233-238
UV irradiation enhanced the resistance of grapefruit against the development of green mold décay caused byPenicillium digitatum, the main postharvest pathogen of citrus fruit, and significantly inhibited the fungus’ growth at the fruit wound sites.
Immunoblotting analysis using specific citrus chitinase and β-1,3-endoglucanase antibodies, showed that UV irradiation, wounding
of the fruit, or a combination of these two treatments, induced the accumulation of a 25 kD chitinase protein in the fruit’s
peel tissue. On the other hand, UV irradiation or wounding of the fruit alone was unable to induce the accumulation of 39
and 43 kD β-1,3-endoglucanase proteins, but the combination of the two treatments increased these protein levels. It is suggested
that both chitinase and β-1,3-endoglucanase may play a role in the UV-induced resistance of grapefruit againstP. digitatum.
Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. No. 403/99.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting June 3, 1999. 相似文献
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Cope Jonathan E. Norton Gareth J. George Timothy S. Newton Adrian C. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(4):999-1012
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Barley ‘Scald’ is an economically damaging fungal disease that is a global problem, causing significant yield and economical losses in the UK... 相似文献
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Aigbedion-Atalor Pascal Osa Idemudia Itohan Witt Arne B. R. Day Michael D. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(1):93-95
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Cecidochares connexa is currently the only effective biological control agent of Chromolaena odorata an invasive weed in West Africa. Recently, an... 相似文献
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In the present study, the in vivo effects of λ-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) were evaluated for 96 h in brain, muscle and gills of Channa punctatus. Both compounds exhibited tissue specific as well as dose dependent decrease in the activity of AChE. The treated fish showed a significant decrease in the activity of AChE in brain and a lesser inhibition in muscle and gills in response to the increasing concentrations of λ-cyhalothrin as well as cypermethrin. Our results indicated that the brain was the main target organ for both insecticides, followed by muscle and gills, as determined by AChE inhibition study. However, these organs showed variations in the degree of AChE inhibition for separate treatments of both insecticides. The λ-cyhalothrin was a more potent AChE inhibitor as compared to cypermethrin. These findings indicated that apart from the established mechanism of delayed closure of sodium ion channels, these pyrethroids inhibit the activity of AChE in C. punctatus which could further aggravate their neurotoxic effects. 相似文献
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Marília Horta Paula Caetano Clara Medeira Isabel Maia Alfredo Cravador 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,127(3):427-436
The virulence of two wild type (PA45 and PA37) and two genetically modified (13C: hygromycin resistant; FATSS: hygromycin
resistant and β-cin knock-down) Phytophthora cinnamomi strains towards cork oak (Quercus suber) was assessed via a quantitative evaluation of disease symptoms arising from a soil infestation assay, and by a histological
analysis of root colonization. Comparison of virulence, as expressed by symptom severity, resulted in the following ranking:
highly virulent (wild type strains), medium virulence (strain 13C) and weakly virulent (FATSS). Both transgenic strains were
compromised in their virulence, as expressed by symptom severity, but strain 13C was much less affected than FATSS. Microscopic
observation showed that the FATSS strain was unable to effectively invade the root, while 13C and the two wild type strains
were all able to rapidly colonize the whole root, including the vascular tissue. These results strengthen the notion that
elicitins are associated, either directly or indirectly, with the infection process of Phytophthora. 相似文献
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Bozkurt İ. Adem Soylu Soner Kara Merve Doksöz Senem Filiz Altan Bülent Çarpar Hakan 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):13-21
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Citrus (Citrus spp. L.), which has high nutritional and economic value, is one of the most commonly grown fruits in Turkey. In spring 2020, large aerial... 相似文献
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Basil N Ziogas Dimitra Nikou Anastasios N Markoglou Anastasios A Malandrakis John Vontas 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,125(1):97-107
The molecular basis of resistance to benzimidazole fungicides with laboratory and field mutant isolates of Botrytis cinerea was investigated. After chemical mutagenesis with N-methyl-N-nitrosogouanidine (NMNG) two different benzimidazole-resistant phenotypes were isolated on media containing carbendazim or
a mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb. The mutant isolates from the fungicide-mixture-containing medium were moderately
resistant to carbendazim with wild-type tolerance to diethofencarb while mutant isolates from carbendazim-containing medium
were highly resistant to carbendazim but sensitive to diethofencarb. The studied field isolates were highly resistant to benzimidazoles
and sensitive to diethofencarb. Study of fitness characteristics of benzimidazole highly-resistant isolates showed that the
resistance mutation(s) had no apparent effect on fitness-determining parameters. Contrary to this, the moderately benzimidazole-resistant
strains, with no increased diethofencarb sensitivity, had a significant reduction in certain ecological fitness-determining
characteristics. Analysis of the sequence of the β-tubulin gene revealed two amino acid replacements in the highly benzimidazole-resistant mutants compared to that of the wild-type
parent strain. One was the glutamic acid (GAG) to alanine (GCG) change at position 198 (E198A), identified in both laboratory
and field highly benzimidazole-resistant isolates, a mutation previously implicated in benzimidazole resistance. The second
was a novel benzimidazole resistance mutation of glutamic acid (GAG) to glycine (GGG) substitution at the same position 198
(E198G), identified in a highly benzimidazole-resistant laboratory mutant strain. Molecular analysis of the moderately benzimidazole-resistant
strains revealed no mutations at the β-tubulin gene. A novel diagnostic PCR-RFLP assay utilising a BsaI restriction site present in the benzimidazole-sensitive (E198) but absent in both resistant genotypes (E198G and E198A)
was developed for the detection of both amino acid replacements at the β-tubulin gene. 相似文献
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Hadis Shahbazi Heshmatolah Aminian Navazollah Sahebani Dennis A. Halterman 《Phytoparasitica》2011,39(5):455-460
Early blight of potato, caused by Alternaria solani, is a ubiquitous disease in many countries around the world. Our previous screening of several Iranian potato cultivars found that variation in resistance exists between two cultivars: ‘Diamond’ and ‘Granula’. Cultivar Diamond is more resistant to multiple isolates of A. solani when compared to cv. Granula. Furthermore, we have found that different pathogen isolates have varying degrees of infection. We monitored the activities of two pathogen-related (PR) glucanase proteins in Diamond and Granula in response to two isolates of A. solani with different degrees of virulence. ß-1,3-glucanase and ß-1,4-glucanase activities were recorded in healthy and diseased leaves of potatoes up to 10 days after inoculation. Their activities were found to be higher in diseased leaves when compared to those of uninfected leaves. Our data suggest that significantly reduced activities of theses enzymes in potato could be related to a lower degree of resistance or an increased ability of a more aggressive isolate to suppress PR protein expression. 相似文献