Distinct protein targets for signals acting at the c-fos serum response element

The c-fos serum response element (SRE) is a primary nuclear target for intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered by growth factors. It is the target for both protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent and -independent signals. Function of the SRE requires binding of a cellular protein, termed serum response factor (SRF). A second protein, p62TCF, recognizes the SRE-SRF complex to form a ternary complex. A mutated SRE that bound SRF but failed to form the ternary complex selectively lost response to PKC activators, but retained response to PKC-independent signals. Thus, two different signaling pathways act through discrete nuclear targets at the SRE. At least one of these pathways functions by recruitment of a pathway-specific accessory factor (p62TCF). These results offer a molecular mechanism to account for the biological specificity of signals that appear to act through common DNA sequence elements.     

光诱导c-fos基因在不同日龄母鸡中脑和间脑的表达

为了进一步探讨光照对母鸡生产性能的影响机制,用c-fos法研究了不同日龄母鸡脑部对光照刺激的反应。对14、60、120和180日龄母鸡右眼遮光7 d后,接受20 lx的光照刺激1.5 h,暗适应1.5 h后灌流固定,取脑制作石蜡切片,采用免疫组化方法检测c-fos基因在中脑和间脑的表达。结果显示,光照刺激后在母鸡视顶盖中央灰质层(SGC),圆核(ROT),外侧膝状腹侧核(Glv),峡核大细胞部(Imc),峡核小细胞部(Ipc),室旁核(PVN),弓状核(ARC)均见有Fos样免疫反应阳性神经元,阳性神经元主要出现在脑左侧。不同日龄母鸡中脑和间脑Fos样免疫反应的程度不同。在SGC,ROT,Glv,Imc,Ipc中,14,60日龄免疫反应阳性神经元的密度最大,120,180日龄保持较高水平,300日龄明显下降。在PVN,ARC,120,180日龄表达强度最大,14,60日龄次之,300日龄最低。其中在14和60日龄与其它3个日龄组之间差异显著。表明在中枢神经内,不同日龄母鸡对光照刺激的反应不同。     

Logic of the yeast metabolic cycle: temporal compartmentalization of cellular processes

Budding yeast grown under continuous, nutrient-limited conditions exhibit robust, highly periodic cycles in the form of respiratory bursts. Microarray studies reveal that over half of the yeast genome is expressed periodically during these metabolic cycles. Genes encoding proteins having a common function exhibit similar temporal expression patterns, and genes specifying functions associated with energy and metabolism tend to be expressed with exceptionally robust periodicity. Essential cellular and metabolic events occur in synchrony with the metabolic cycle, demonstrating that key processes in a simple eukaryotic cell are compartmentalized in time.     

Metabolic mapping of the brain during rewarding self-stimulation

Local rates of cerebral glucose utilization were measured in rats by the quantitative 2-deoxy-D-[14C]glucose autoradiographic method during electrical stimulation of the ventral tegmental area. Rats trained in intracranial self-stimulation showed a pattern of changes in forebrain metabolic activity distinctly different from the pattern seen in rats stimulated by the experimenter. These findings provide information about the distribution of local cerebral activity specific to reinforced instrumental behavior.     

乡镇土地利用总体规划图编制的底图规范和成图方法研究

在我国现有的五级土地利用总体规划体系中,乡(镇)级规划是最基层的一级规划 ,但国家目前尚无乡(镇)土地利用总体规划图编绘方面的技术标准.本文主要针对乡镇土地利用总体规划图编制的底图规范和成图方法进行研究,认为编绘基于1∶2000地形图的同比例尺数字化土地利用现状底图是现阶段的合适选择.     

microRNA-34c在不同发育时期雄性小鼠脑组织中的表达分析

【目的】研究microRNA-34c(简称miR-34c)在出生后不同发育时期小鼠嗅球、大脑皮质、小脑皮质及海马中的表达情况,并分析其与小鼠行为活动之间的相关性。【方法】以出生后0,3,7,14,21,28,60和90d的雄性昆明小白鼠为试验动物,以5SrRNA为内参基因,运用荧光实时定量PCR技术,检测miR-34c在小鼠出生后8个不同发育时期嗅球、大脑皮质、小脑皮质和海马中的相对表达量以及在成年鼠脑组织中4个不同部位的相对表达量。【结果】随着小鼠的发育,miR-34c在嗅球、大脑皮质、小脑皮质及海马中的相对表达量均呈现不同程度的递增趋势。在成年鼠中,miR-34c在嗅球、大脑皮质、小脑皮质、海马中的相对表达量差异显著,其中海马中最高,小脑皮质次之,嗅球最低。【结论】miR-34c在出生后不同发育时期小鼠嗅球、大脑皮质、小脑皮质及海马中的表达趋势,与小鼠各种行为活动的出现具有一定的相关性。     

山东省城镇化水平非线性映射分析

在建立区域城镇化水平测度指标体系的基础上,以山东省17个地级市为研究地域单元,运用非线性映射方法,对山东省区域城镇化水平进行了综合测度和地域差异特征分析,将其划分为高质量城镇化地区、城镇化质量较高地区、城镇化质量中等地区、城镇化质量较低地区和低质量城镇化地区5种类型.针对各等级城市的不同特点,根据其经济社会发展实际情况,对各地市城镇化质量存在的问题与不足进行了深入剖析,并就其未来发展方向提出相应的发展策略和建议.     

Microtubular protein: synthesis and metabolism in developing brain

In the developing mouse brain 40 percent of the labeled soluble protein found found after injection of leucine-C(14) consists of subunits with a molecular weight of 60,000 and with other characteristics of microtubular protein. This protein has a half-life of about 4 days.     

帕金森病模型大鼠脑内CDNF表达变化

为了探讨帕金森病(PD)发病过程中大脑多巴胺能神经营养因子(CDNF)表达的变化,以大鼠为模型,研究了帕金森病CDNF及相关基因的表达变化,从而为基因治疗帕金森病提供理论依据。实验采用单侧黑质内单点注射6-羟多巴胺的方法制备帕金森病大鼠模型;运用免疫组织化学、Western blot及Q-PCR方法检测CDNF和多巴胺合成限速酶—酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)在模型大鼠黑质中表达的变化。研究结果发现,PD模型大鼠脑黑质区CDNF和TH阳性细胞数明显减少;进一步研究表明,与正常大鼠相比,模型大鼠CDNF m RNA表达水平虽未见显著改变(P0.05),但CDNF及TH蛋白表达极显著降低(P0.01)。提示帕金森病的发病可能与黑质中CDNF和TH表达量降低,进而抑制多巴胺合成有关。     

Neurotransmitter plasticity at the molecular level

Contrary to long-held assumptions, recent work indicates that neurons may profoundly change transmitter status during development and maturity. For example, sympathetic neurons, classically regarded as exclusively noradrenergic or cholinergic, can also express putative peptide transmitters such as substance P. This neuronal plasticity is directly related to membrane depolarization and sodium ion influx. The same molecular mechanisms and plastic responses occur in mature as well as developing neurons. Further, contrary to traditional teaching, adult primary sensory neurons may express the catecholaminergic phenotype in vivo. Transmitter plasticity is not restricted to the peripheral nervous system: ongoing studies of the brain nucleus locus ceruleus in culture indicate that specific extracellular factors elicit marked transmitter changes. Consequently, neurotransmitter expression and metabolism are dynamic, changing processes, regulated by a variety of defined factors. Transmitter plasticity adds a newly recognized dimension of flexibility to nervous system function.     

( 3 H)lysergic acid diethylamide: cellular autoradiographic localization in rat brain

Intravenous administration of [(3)H]lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) to rats resulted in accumulation of the drug in the brain within 15 minutes. Autoradiographic methods were used to differentiate free and bound [(3)H]LSD in brain tissue.Free [(3)H]LSD was generally distributed in the pituitary and pineal glands, cerebellum, hippocampus,and choroid plexus.Bound [(3)H]LSD was localized in neurons of the cortex, caudate nucleus, midbrain, and medulla,as well as in choroid plexus epithelium.     

基于乌金猪深度发掘的优质高效新品种选育

目的揭示宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性及其与肉质性状的关联。方法采用PCR产物直接测序法检测了120头宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域的SNP位点,借助最小二乘模型分析了各位点不同基因型及合并基因型对6个肉质性状的影响。结果宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域检出3个SNP位点,包括2个同义突变位点(T579C、T580C)和1个错义突变位点(G595A),分别以TT、TT、GA基因型和T、T、G等位基因的频率最高,且都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。T579C、T580C位点的TT和TC基因型可显著提高大理石纹(P<0.05)和降低失水率(P<0.01),分别呈显著的加性效应及加性—显性效应(P<0.05或P<0.01);G595A位点的AA基因型失水率最低(P<0.05)、熟肉率最高(P<0.05),呈显著的加性效应(P<0.05);3个位点的合并基因型TTTTGG、TCTCGG和TTTTAA分别具有最高的大理石纹、pH₁和最低的失水率(P<0.05或P<0.01),CCCCGG基因型的大理石纹和pH₁最低、失水率最高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论研究结果进一步确认宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性与肌肉大理石纹、pH值和失水率显著关联,T579C、T580C位点的CC基因型和G595A位点的GG基因型具有协同降低猪肉品质的效应。     

2000 年以来福州地区夏季极端高温的新特征及成因探讨

目的研究海兰褐蛋种鸡夏季适宜环境温湿度。方法在6栋有环控系统的鸡舍中,测定6—8月鸡舍的温度和湿度,记录30000羽0~26周龄海兰褐蛋种鸡的体质量、开产日龄、产蛋量、破蛋数和蛋总数,以及180000羽种鸡的孵化性能和60枚蛋的200日龄蛋品质;计算鸡舍日平均温度、湿度和温湿指数(temperature-humidity index,THI)、体质量均匀度和变异系数;分析种鸡适宜的THI范围。结果6—8月日平均温度、湿度和THI分别为22.07~30.51 ℃、61.88%~93.20%和70.70~82.46。种鸡育雏和育成期体质量及均匀度均可达标。种鸡开产日龄140 d,220日龄内平均产蛋率93.93%、破蛋率0.50%、受精率94.49%、受精蛋孵化率91.20%和受精蛋健雏率92.51%。舍内温度和THI均与产蛋率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),湿度与产蛋率和蛋总数均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);温度、湿度和THI均与破蛋率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。蛋品质分析结果显示：平均蛋质量59.21 g、蛋壳强度5.45 kg/cm²、蛋壳厚度0.39 mm、蛋形指数1.28、蛋黄颜色6.10、蛋黄比率27.78%和哈氏单位80.42。结论夏季海兰褐蛋种鸡在THI为70.70~82.46的环境下,生长发育、孵化性能和蛋品质良好。     

Cross-linking cellular prion protein triggers neuronal apoptosis in vivo

Neuronal death is a prominent, but poorly understood, pathological hallmark of prion disease. Notably, in the absence of the cellular prion protein (PrPC), the disease-associated isoform, PrPSc, appears not to be intrinsically neurotoxic, suggesting that PrPC itself may participate directly in the prion neurodegenerative cascade. Here, cross-linking PrPC in vivo with specific monoclonal antibodies was found to trigger rapid and extensive apoptosis in hippocampal and cerebellar neurons. These findings suggest that PrPC functions in the control of neuronal survival and provides a model to explore whether cross-linking of PrPC by oligomeric PrPSc can promote neuronal loss during prion infection.