鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒VP3蛋白的原核表达及其B细胞抗原表位鉴定

为鉴定鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP3蛋白中的B细胞抗原表位,本研究将IBDV的VP3基因亚克隆于pET-28a中,构建了表达重组质粒pETVP3,经IPTG诱导在E.coli BL21(DE3)中表达了重组蛋白(rVP3).Western blot鉴定表明,rVP3能被IBDV抗血清特异性识别.同时,根据IBDV VP3的氨基酸序列,合成覆盖VP3全序列的重叠多肽,并与载体蛋白BSA藕联制备多肽人工结合抗原.Peptide-ELISA和Dot-ELISA检测结果表明VP3中有2个线性表位可以被已制备的单克隆抗体(MAb)识别,即~(728)PRDWDRLPYLNL~(739)和~(982)PKPKPKPNAPTQ~(993);Dot-ELISA结果显示,在VP3中还存在另外4个线性多克隆抗体识别位点:~(818)SLANAPQAGSKSQRA~(831),~(851)QREKD TIUSKKMETMGIYFATP~(872),~(876)ALNGHRGPSPGQLKYWQNTREI~(897)和~(961)QMKDLLLTAMEMK~(973).这些抗原表位的鉴定为开发IBD表位疫苗奠定了基础.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒vp2基因在杆状病毒表达系统中的表达及免疫原性研究

将鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒超强毒Gx株vp2基因克隆到载体pFastBac HTA中,构建重组转座载体pFVP2,然后将其转化DH10Bac感受态大肠杆菌,将vp2基因整合到Bacmid穿梭载体中,获得重组穿梭载体BacmidVP2;通过脂质体转染将其转染Sf9昆虫细胞,获得重组杆状病毒rBacVP2。用Western blot和间接免疫荧光试验分析表明IBDV VP2蛋白在Sf9昆虫细胞获得正确表达,所表达的重组VP2蛋白分子量约50 Ku。以rBacVP2感染Sf9细胞裂解物免疫3周龄SPF鸡,在免疫后7 d可检测到ELISA抗体;免疫后14 d可检测到琼脂免疫扩散抗体。攻毒试验表明,初次免疫后14 d对IBDV超强毒株的攻击保护率为75%,2次免疫后14 d对其的攻击保护率为100%。     

鸡传染性腔上囊病病毒VP2基因在昆虫细胞中的表达

为了深入研究鸡传染性腔上囊病病毒（IBDV）VP2基因的结构和功能,利用Bac-to-Bac系统研制出含有VP2基因的重组杆状病毒rBac-VP2,将rBac-VP2感染Sf9细胞,并用抗IBDV VP2特异性单克隆抗体经间接免疫荧光试验检测,证实感染重组病毒Sf9细胞能高效表达IBDV VP2基因产物;Western-blotting分析结果表明,VP2基因表达产物的分子质量约为40 ku.     

Efficacy of a novel in ovo-attenuated live vaccine and recombinant vaccine against a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus in chickens

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) causes severe economic damage to the poultry industry worldwide. To prevent IBD virus (IBDV) infection, live virus vaccines have been widely used in chickens having wide-ranging levels of maternally derived antibodies. But, the risks of infection with other pathogens because of lesions related to atrophy of the bursa of Fabricius in vaccinated chickens are a concern. To resolve the problems, a recombinant turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine expressing IBDV-VP2 protein (rHVT-IBD) has been developed. However, the induction of neutralizing antibodies by rHVT-IBD against a virulent IBDV might be delayed compared with that by the live IBD vaccine, leading to the high risks of IBDV infection for young chickens. To find the best selection of IBDV vaccine for the onset of immunity, we examine the protective efficacy of a novel in ovo-attenuated live IBDV (IBD-CA) vaccine and the rHVT-IBD vaccine in young chickens challenged with a very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) strain. We show that the protective efficacy of IBD-CA vaccine was higher than that of the rHVT-IBD vaccine in 14-day-old chickens challenged with the vvIBDV strain, leading to the risk of IBDV infection for young chickens when vaccinated with rHVT-IBD. Our results suggest that farmers should select the best vaccines to maximize vaccine efficacy in consideration of the vaccine characteristics, prevalence levels of IBDV in the areas, and initial MDA levels of the chickens since the attenuated live and recombinant vaccines play a role in the different vaccine efficacies.     

IBDV H1株VP2基因的原核表达及其产物的复性

应用RT-PCR技术从传染性腔上囊病病鸡总RNA中克隆出1461bp的VP2基因，将其克隆于pET-28a载体，筛选并构建了pVP2表达载体。经IPTG诱导，在其宿主菌BL21（DE3）中成功表达了53．7ku的蛋白，SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析结果显示，VP2表达产物以包涵体形式存在，可与鸡IBDV抗血清及1株IBDV单抗发生特异性反应。将VP2表达产物进行纯化和复性，用复性前后的蛋白分别与特异性多抗进行Dot-ELISA检测，结果，复性后蛋白的反应活性比复性前增强了10倍；用复性后的蛋白与IBDV单抗进行Dot-ELISA，结果显示，VP2蛋白与单抗1H4、1E12、583、EA6、3c7反应强（＋＋＋）；与4E4、1H11反应中度（＋＋）；与4E5、3C4、1E11、3H9反应较弱；而与EC6、3D12、1A1无反应。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2单克隆抗体夹心ELISA检测试剂盒的研制

为研制传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）快速检测试剂盒,用重组IBDV-VP2蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备免疫脾细胞,与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞触合,获得3株稳定分泌抗VP2蛋白单克隆抗体（mAb）的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1D11、2G8和2E5,抗体亚类分别为IgG1κ、IgG2bκ和IgG1κ。间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）证明,3株单抗均与VP2发生特异性反应。相加ELISA证明3株mAb识别VP2不同的抗原表位。在病毒中和试验中,1D11和2G8腹水对IBDV的中和效价分别为104和103,而2E5无中和活性。用亲和层析方法纯化1D11和2E5,分别作为包被抗体和标记抗体,建立了IBDV夹心ELISA检测方法,优化了试验条件,测定了其主要性能指标,对IBDV的最低检出量为102 TCID50/mL。用夹心ELISA、AGP和RT-PCR 3种方法同步检测8种试验样品,夹心ELISA与RT-PCR的检测结果一致,显著高于AGP方法。组装成的试剂盒,置于37℃保存7d、4℃保存6个月和-20℃保存24个月,其检测结果没有显著差异（P〉0.05）。     

传染性法氏囊病超强病毒株VP2基因原核表达及其免疫原性检测

为检测传染性法氏囊病超强毒株(vvIBDV)重组VP2蛋白的免疫原性,本研究利用RT-PCR方法扩增vvIBDV的结构蛋白VP2基因,并将其克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-3中,构建重组表达质粒pGEX-VP2。将其转化受体菌E.coli BL21(DE3)plysS,经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE电泳和western blot分析表明,表达的重组蛋白约69 ku,并以包涵体形式存在。表达的重组蛋白经纯化后,免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠制备免疫血清,ELISA分析表明制备的血清效价在1∶5 120以上,表明vvIBDV VP2具有良好的免疫原性,为建立vvIBDV的ELISA检测方法提供了试验依据。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒株VP2基因在重组腺病毒中的表达

用RT-PCR方法从传染性法氏囊病(IBD)免疫预防失败的病鸡法氏囊组织AH1与AH2中扩增传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP2基因。序列分析结果显示,AH1与AH2病毒VP2基因长度均为1350nt,编码450aa,核苷酸和氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98.2%、99.3%,七肽基序均为SWSASGS,在222、253、256、279、284、294和299位上的氨基酸残基分别是A、Q、I、D、A、I和S,具有IBDV强毒的分子特征。进一步将VP2基因克隆入人5型腺病毒穿梭载体(pShuttle-CMV),与腺病毒骨架载体(pAdEasyTM)共转化大肠杆菌BJ5183进行同源重组并转染HEK-293A细胞,经多次亚克隆获得了重组腺病毒rAd-(IBDV)VP2。利用Western-blot、IFA等方法检测IBDVVP2蛋白的体外表达情况,结果证明VP2基因在腺病毒中获得了表达。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒DK株VP2基因序列分析及其对SPF雏鸡的致病力

为探究鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)DK分离株的致病性和遗传变异情况,本研究测定了该分离株的鸡胚半数致死量(ELD50)、对SFP雏鸡的致病力以及扩增病毒的VP2基因并分析其序列。结果显示,DK分离株对鸡胚的ELD50为104.5/0.2mL,以2×10^3ELD50剂量感染SFP雏鸡出现典型IBD的临床症状、剖检和组织学病变;实验鸡发病率为100%,致死率为44.4%;DK株VP2基因序列与参考株的同源性为93.1%~97.0%、氨基酸序列同源性为93.6%~97.5%,其基因序列和氨基酸序列均与Cu-1wt参考株(经典株)同源性最高;DK株VP2氨基酸序列的七肽区SASWSGS及249Q、253Q、279D、284A、290M、313V、330S氨基酸位点均与强毒株的氨基酸位点一致;但其222P、256V、299N3个氨基酸不符合IBDV超强毒株的特征;而其第222、249位氨基酸为P和Q,与抗原变异株(vIBDV)的T和K也不相同。结果表明:IBDVDK株为中等偏强毒力病毒。本研究为IBD的防控提供参考依据。     

IBDV血清Ⅱ型VP5蛋白原核表达及型特异性单克隆抗体的制备

本实验构建表达了传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)血清Ⅱ型23/82株VP5蛋白,并制备出能够区分不同血清型IBDV的单克隆抗体(mAb).利用EcoR I和Xho I双酶切pUC57-23/82VP5质粒,获得23/82株IBDV VP5基因片段,连接到同样处理的原核表达质粒pET-28a,经酶切鉴定获得重组质粒pET-23/82VP5,转化到宿主茵BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下表达融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE分析表明该融合蛋白分子量大小约为23 ku.Ni-NTA柱纯化重组蛋白,复性后免疫8周龄BALB/c小鼠,3次免疫后,常规方法进行细胞融合,获得1株阳性杂交瘤细胞株(5D3),IFA和western blot分析表明该细胞株分泌的mAb仅与血清II型IBDV 23/82株VP5反应,不与血清I型IBDV Gt株VP5反应.腹水抗体间接ELISA效价为1×104.该mAb的制备为研究血清II型IBDV的VP5的功能和标记疫苗的研制奠定了基础.     

一株传染性法氏囊病病毒强毒株的分离与鉴定

鸡传染性法氏囊病是由传染性法氏囊病病毒引起的一种急性传染病。本研究从江苏某疑似发生传染性法氏囊病的鸡场采集病料,通过观察临床症状、病理变化、RT-PCR检测、基因测序、SPF鸡胚接种、琼脂扩散试验和雏鸡攻毒等试验,证实了该鸡群发生了传染性法氏囊病,且分离到一株传染性法氏囊病病毒(JSXY株),该病毒有较强的致病力,VP4基因比较分析发现其与变异株亲缘关系最近,序列同源性为95%。本研究为江苏地区传染性法氏囊病的防治提供了有益的参考。     

利用SUMO表达系统高效可溶性表达鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒VP3基因

为评价SUMO原核表达系统(pHisSUMO Express)对病毒基因的可溶性表达,本研究从人工接种发病的鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)的病料组织样品中提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR扩增IBD病毒(IBDV)VP3基因,并将其克隆于pHisSUMO中构建了重组表达质粒pHisSUMO-VP3,转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)PlysS,经IPTG诱导,得到可溶性表达的融合蛋白SUMO-VP3。结果表明,该融合蛋白表达量占细菌总蛋白35%,经HisTrapTMFF crude column层析柱纯化后的SUMO-VP3蛋白可被SUMO蛋白酶Ⅰ有效切割,获得无标签的VP3蛋白,经western blot鉴定表明该VP3蛋白具有良好的抗原性。本研究表明pHisSUMO Express表达系统是高效可溶表达外源蛋白的有效工具,所表达的病毒蛋白具有良好的抗原性,为病原诊断抗原的研究和制备提供有效表达系统。     

表达传染性法氏囊vp2基因的重组马立克病疫苗对SPF鸡和商品鸡的免疫保护试验

国内外很多学者都在进行着传染性法氏囊(Infectious bursal disease,IBD)各种基因工程疫苗的研制,IBDV-vp2基因在多种载体中得到表达并取得了较好的保护效力。本实验室已构建了表达IBDV-vp2基因的重组马立克氏病病毒。本研究对该重组马立克氏病病毒疫苗的遗传稳定性以及对SPF鸡和含有母源抗体的商品鸡的免疫保护作用进行了评价。结果表明,103 PFU和104 PFU剂量的重组病毒免疫后对SPF鸡抗传染性法氏囊标准强毒的保护率分别为53%和73%。104 PFU剂量的重组病毒免疫后对含有母源抗体的商品鸡抗传染性法氏囊标准强毒的保护率为87%,结果显示重组疫苗具有一定的应用前景。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒Gx株感染性分子克隆的构建

本研究以鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒Gx株(野毒株)基因组为模板,用蛋白酶K法提取病毒基因组核酸dsRNA,在cDNA克隆的5'端上游引入了T7启动子序列,采用Long-accurateRT-PCR(LA-PCR)一步法扩增并克隆了病毒基因组A节段与B节段全长cDNA。序列测定结果表明,基因组A节段全长共3267个核苷酸,包括5'及3'端的非编码区和两个部分重叠的开放阅读框,基因组B节段全长共2843个核苷酸,包括5'及3'端的非编码区和一个开放阅读框。将IBDV-Gx株的A节段全长基因组及B节段全长基因组分别克隆入pMD18-T载体,构建成pMD-A、pMD-B两个带有T7启动子的重组质粒。两个重组质粒线性化后,进行体外转录,然后共电转染于鸡胚成纤维细胞37℃培养72h并传代。收获的细胞传代培养物分别用RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光、蚀斑试验等方法进行鉴定,结果用RT-PCR扩增出了VP3及VP5基因片段,间接免疫荧光检测到了特异性的荧光抗体,蚀斑试验结果表明蚀斑形成单位为3×103PFU/mL。     

Reduction of infectious bursal disease virus replication by shRNAs targeting the VP1 and VP2 genes driven by chicken U6 promoter

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in young chickens and results in considerable economic losses for the poultry industry. To suppress the replication of IBDV, two short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were designed for targeting the VP1 and VP2 genes of IBDV. Recombinant plasmids carrying each shRNA or two shRNAs were constructed based on vector pSilencer2.1-U6 in which the human U6 promoter was replaced with chicken U6 promoter. In chicken embryo fibroblasts, transfection with these shRNA plasmids 24 h before infection with IBDV B87 reduced 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID₅₀) from 10^8.75 TCID₅₀/0.1 mL to 10^3.75–10^1.0 TCID₅₀/0.1 mL. In 10-day old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos, incubation with a mixture of IBDV B87 and a shRNA plasmid via the allantoic cavity resulted in 100% mortality and high IBDV virus titer in the control group but 25–0% mortality and near normal embryo development in the specific shRNA groups; additionally, IBDV VP1 and VP2 mRNA levels were reduced by 72–95% in the shRNA groups as compared with the control groups. When challenged with a virulent strain IBDV GX8/99, 14-day-old chickens pre-treated with the single shRNA plasmids or the dual shRNA plasmid showed approximately 70% or 90% survival at 5 days post-challenge while those pre-treated with control plasmid or saline had less than 5% survival. The current study suggests that two IBDV shRNAs expressed by a plasmid under chicken U6 promoter could effectively and synergistically reduce IBDV replication in vitro and in vivo.     

Immunoreactivity and morphological changes of bursal follicles in chickens infected with vaccine or wild-type strains of the infectious bursal disease virus

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is characterized by immunosuppression due to the depletion of lymphocytes in the atrophied bursa of Fabricius (BF). We have sometimes encountered contradictory findings: chickens infected with the vaccine IBD virus (IBDV) strain have sometimes exhibited a highly atrophied BF, but not immunosuppression. In this study, chickens administered vaccine or wild-type strains of IBDV were later vaccinated with the B1 strain of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Bursal changes were examined histologically with a focus on the bursal follicle. The immunoreactivity to NDV was also evaluated with the hemagglutination inhibition test. In gross examination, we observed a few chickens with a severely atrophied BF in vaccine strain-administered groups (vaccine groups), and the level of severity was the same as that in the wild-type strain-administered group (wild-type group). However, these chickens retained humoral antibody responses to NDV and were revealed to possess a higher number of bursal follicles than those of the wild-type group. These results indicated that macroscopic evaluation dose not accurately reflect the immunoreactivity and degree of bursal damage in IBDV-administered chickens. We also found non-immunosuppressed chickens in the wild-type group. These non-immunosuppressed chickens retained a significantly higher number of normal follicles and total follicles according to our statistical analysis. Furthermore, a high correlation coefficient between the NDV-HI titer and the number of normal follicles was found in the wild-type group. These results implied that the retained number of normal follicles is important for the immunoreactivity of chickens infected with IBDV.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2基因在转基因烟草中的初步表达

将鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒TS株VP2基因置于植物组成型表达启动子CaMV 35 S之下,构建了IBDV VP2基因的表达载体pBR-VP2,经根瘤农杆菌介导法将VP2基因整合到烟草基因组中,Northern杂交结果表明,转基因烟草中存在IBDV VP2基因的mRNA;Dot-ELISA和Western blotting检测表明IBDV VP2基因在烟草中得到了表达.     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2与C3d串联基因重组表达质粒的构建及其免疫功能研究

为提高传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP2基因核酸疫苗的免疫效力,本研究根据已发表的鸡源补体C3d序列,设计并合成在5’端添加编码连接肽(Gly4Ser)2序列的C3d基因。用同尾酶BglⅡ和BamHⅠ构建含有3拷贝C3d与VP2基因融合的重组表达质粒pcDNA-VP2-3C3d。用脂质体法转染BHK21细胞,48 h后,westernblot分析表明,表达的重组蛋白为162 ku;间接免疫荧光试验检测转染细胞中具有特异性荧光。用pcDNA-VP2-3C3d与前期构建的pcDNA-VP2分别免疫2周龄SPF鸡,二免14 d后,间接ELISA法检测IBDV抗体效价,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组抗体水平显著高于pcDNA-VP2组;MTT法检测鸡脾淋巴细胞增殖活性,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组免疫诱导的特异性淋巴细胞增殖活性显著高于pcDNA-VP2组(p<0.05)。本研究表明C3d可以增强VP2基因免疫诱导的IBDV特异性体液和细胞免疫应答。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒XX08株VP2高变区基因的克隆与序列分析

应用反转录(RT-PCR)技术从河南新乡某鸡场分离的鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒XX08株总RNA中克隆出593bp的VP2高变区基因。序列分析表明,XX08毒株VP2高变区氨基酸序列与欧洲超强毒株UK661、日本超强毒株OKYM以及经典弱毒株D78的同源性均为96.8%。遗传进化分析表明,该毒株与超强毒株UK661和OKYM位于同一进化树。XX08毒株与超强毒株具有相似的氨基酸特征,但是222位的A被P替代,提示XX08毒株可能为中等强毒力毒株。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2基因真核表达载体的构建及初步表达

根据GenBank已登录的传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2基因序列,设计1对特异引物,应用反转录-聚合酶链反应技术从标准毒株B87中扩增了VP2基因,将其克隆到proVAX载体上,构建了proVAX-VP2真核表达载体,在脂质体介导下转染Hela细胞,用RT-PCR方法从转录水平证实VP2在Hela细胞中有特异性表达。